2021年大中城市中产人群养老风险蓝皮书.pdf

2021?酽悞鶯鑨杛!鲈蔠裮踽!?酽門鍈哱!鲈鼷敒駱桬魍籹醑慇斶!蠐敽巃屟鰓椷?酽語聴墮粷騙鲈擊姾艊蓜醑擊姾敆熱艊豈侕蠐擊姾墮昷媀艊梕?酽鼷羠牆惡宆嶗梕鲈門鍈絔懷偡嶗陝醑蓜陝叅鮪艊醭?酽榺踽僨粷鲈踽唻詇婠鬣酽蔠脹氥騙鬣鲈門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶誽昷熴鬣醑豕趵梮?酽悞鶯鑨杛!鲈蔠裮踽!?酽門鍈哱!鲈鼷敒駱桬魍籹醑慇斶!蠐敽巃屟鰓椷?酽語聴墮粷騙鲈擊姾艊蓜醑擊姾敆熱艊豈侕蠐擊姾墮昷媀艊梕?酽鼷羠牆惡宆嶗梕鲈門鍈絔懷偡嶗陝醑蓜陝叅鮪艊醭?酽榺踽僨粷鲈踽唻詇婠鬣酽蔠脹氥騙鬣鲈門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶誽昷熴鬣醑豕趵梮010303050606091011142330141618212327293031333638?012021妘6桸靧10桸傖墮鎽諦跤蹺蛼蟨叧跫翨蛼墮蔠裮跤宆蛼墮呺咇嶗隠昦愞瑪蹺鴛跣俋跤壈鄡醢敒5050麋桹敱榺脹喥門鍈哱鉸侕粷笶醮獿駱榺懪澑釆壽鑫俋跤壈跤鲲鳏銲門鍈鰤芕霎、悞鶯啔門鍈陝鰓踵門鍈哱鉸侕。擊姾墮嶗門鍈蓜烐妕醑跣醎姪唻嗋炓梥棾鼷羠牆踮艊諤醝諦蔠繩妛羮赗誽鰓椷昷熴釆壽鑫蹺廟訅酽跣“門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶”、粷啔踽僨粷嶗酁揊釆偧醣?鮪鳏訥鍈誼俋鑨杛醣蹺咲抲熱“俙呺門鍈哱鉸侕”艊徔耚、昦獰肣嵔賠韌醣鳏髦艊擊姾嶯暀苩亱媰踵夎錫駡桖偡鰱蓜門鍈擊瑪侸嗃漛門鍈墮瑪昷瀕會偡門鍈陝梪漛蔠愞瑪蹺鴛跣俋跤壈扜踆門鍈、榺唻梪嵔騙偧醣苼鴛跣鉚矇壈譯鲷。醢犦。獿鰷。妭墕。飝墕。彾。攢鲷。慚嘪。澓烲。蓴咲妵榺樭梪岄踵5050鳏瀯跣壈妕鰍踵500鳏墢諢、榺唻踵跤訵敒駱銲鉢榺樭梪妘侐鲋35-59噉妕鰍妘踵43.4噉衃謚跣鳏妘敒駱踵19.7醐廬粷桹鲲踵78.4醐廬愗桹訅鲈倧倀飨醢応鲲艊鳏蘚瀷籌踵33.4%応鲲妕鰍壈麽踵357醐廬、榺樭梪妕鰍贋鎢蛼墮妘麋斶踵14.3妘贋墮哣姪踵79.5%贋鎢麟趵鎲趵妘陝艊瀷籌踵15.6%龈縟趵門鍈墮艊瀷籌踵13.8%、?門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶Pension Wealth Reserve Risk Index誖蠙PWRRI曧慇瑪蹺徏雜跣壈鉚矇跣鉢鮪鼷暚砎踮艊門鍈哱鈇訥張鼷暚蠘踙艊門鍈鲲棈苩醮諦嶯艊鼷敒駱茩槪躐艊墬、謾誽昷媀踵訅酽澒浧愐牣誽鼷岄哱藥愥門鍈。鲲嶗応鲲醑訅鲈澒誽鼷謚妘艊敒駱桬魍籹訅醑澒啔敒駱桬魍籹醮呯艊茩槪桬魍籹瀷鈇訥俋啢踵慇斶、鮪蔠斶懪蕬醢悞鶯唻鉚矇跣鉢梥棾艊門鍈哱鈇訥嶗慇斶鑫牣誽踽酁楇偧醣 01鉚矇跣鉢60噉鼷暚蠘踙艊門鍈岄哱踵690醐廬謾跤門鍈哱踵243醐廬鲲踵252醐廬応鲲踵194醐廬、酽鄡壈哱烐妕暺朄鲋鲈鄡壈醭讜壈鮪醑哱醢薟粷熱醭讜鰓壉酁椨、鉚矇跣鉢鼷謚門鍈慇斶踵21.01%嶯嚌菑醮50%艊鼷敒駱諦嶯桬魍籹荁瀷跣鳏桹20%艊粷牐鈇訥門鍈哱鉸侕鈇訥踵145醐廬偧楇啔鲲黌粷慇斶醣勢15.67%門鍈哱鉸侕鈇訥踵108醐廬酽澒啔応鲲訅鲈倧応鄐駱門鍈慇斶醣勢11.01%張懲樭門鍈哱鉸侕鞣桹76醐廬墢諢艊岄鈇訥、鰓敒駱嗃漛荱濱瀕敒駱銲鉢踽踮鼷敒駱桬魍籹濱艊荁唻鲋蛼妕鰍墡瀕敒駱銲鉢踽踮鼷謚敒駱烐妕醣艊荁唻跣鳏鼷頌墡、鉚矇跣鉢蛼門鍈桬魍籹踵35.2%蛼門鍈+麟趵妘艊桬魍籹踵51.6%蛼門鍈+縟趵門鍈墮艊桬魍籹踵42.8%醑跣嗃漛門鍈陝贋醮艊門鍈桬魍籹詵59.9%、鮪侸嗃漛門鍈跤糴鍎跤贋醮麟趵鎲趵妘嶗縟趵門鍈墮艊瀷籌鰍醭20%唻門鍈岄哱鉸侕嬁閼暺朄、鲲藥愥叅潎。絔鲲閔。鐭蝄。墮。鍋樞。嶗惡怐訵墡錨鮪咲姲門鍈哱鉸侕跤勢慘羮、菑跣鉢敒駱烐妕艊抲鲲蠘踙鼷敒駱桬魍籹雩、岄鉢荱酽鄡壈鲲鼷敒駱桬魍籹鲋鲈鄡壈、晹曧壔梐鲲曧訅鲈倧飨醢艊応鲲棾門鍈鮪粷呺跤叅鮪醭薶呯屟艊桭踽艊棾瑧鲋過徏擇羮、?榺脹鑫跣鉢贋醮諤語聴墮。擊姾敆熱烐妕嶗鼷謚擊姾諎絔嶯巻訵昷艊嵔騙踽僨粷偧醣 糴鍎艊蛼語聴墮苼籹勢98.9%貶鞣桹5.4%艊跣鉢喥趵鍎梥贋鎢蛼語聴墮、糴鍎跤桹53.2%煫桹龈麇駁嫮媀艊縟趵擊姾、鮪龈縟趵擊姾艊糴鍎跤靕悞墮妕鰍踵12.9醐廬謾跤靕悞墮鮪10醐廬飨醣艊擇63.4%、糴鍎跤桹20.8%贋醮鑫鈫酖鲒錫屟艊鲒鎽鈫墮22.9%龈鑫“嵷炓墮”、糴鍎跤桹74.5%唻鼷謚“俋胟”艊語聴羮蛵惔寖70.0%唻“幆屟胟”蛵惔寖儂曑熱俋侸斶鳏踵俋胐胟亱鎢鼷謚艊鄽牨惔、鮪擊姾墮梕醢糴鍎杚醭貊、63.1%踵梪語聴墮瓕醭鑫鼷謚酽約艊語聴敆熱、鰓時桹50.4%嶗40.7%艊糴鍎蛵“夠巻嶯”徏“瀷巻嶯”踵靕墰嶗咲鳏鮪擊姾諎絔昷悅駱桖侸貶誆桹6.2%艊蛵巻嶯亱鎢20%飨醢糴鍎亱鎢擊姾悅駱艊誤撾醭、?榺脹唻跣鉢鼷羠牆昷媀梕。墮蓜嶗鼷陝訵嵔騙蔠踽僨粷偧醣 喼諎俋鰓鳏蛵“鍊鹷壽呯鼷陝”貶“桹嶎熴妛誤”艊鳢擇28%64.5%艊糴鍎蛵“嶎會貶煫桹僉誤”徏“醭蓜偧駁會”、75.1%艊糴鍎蛵俋侸斶暚桹呯梕絔懷偡妘俋。叧證。敒駱艊懷偡媰貶悅鞣飨叅潎踵踽郿擇32.3%、30.8%艊糴鍎梕鍈妘羠牆啔羾厸偔礣愞羾記礣嶗靕墰礣艊鰓時擇21.3%嶗19.3%愞羾門鍈梽椨礣艊擇21.4%、喼諎糴鍎墱嶯勢豕趵誼嶗蛼誼礣悜桽烏艊屟貶鞣煫擄鰓嶯勢鳏訥鍈誼艊賠韌、唻鼷謚曧壠酭醁墡慘艊嶯巻榺暺約斶糴鍎踵“夠宍”徏“桹酽呯宍”鞲鲇悶鎲墡慘踵“醭俒宍”徏“呝瑪醭宍”艊鳢擇11.8%嶗2.3%、詵“”醮“鼷”妛醭訵麽悶鎲墡慘乁鼷羠牆裶艀艊巻嶯媰、糴鍎跤踵婜鼷誖蠙“婜”唻蛼墮嬜桹濕艊瀷籌勢75%暺俋鰓勢婜曧噴鍈誼蛼蛼墮嬜艊桹敱嬛貶唻鲋婜艊妘斶55%艊糴鍎壔梐镾醭醑妘鍖巻嶯扟糴婜鲕妘鼷艊鳏誆桹16.2%、0203?01“酴杚”斶懪朄蛵彿蹺60噉倀飨醢鳏訥擇瀷勢18.7%謾跤65噉飨醢鳏訥擇瀷13.5%張啔駱獿姪鍈誼蛼、鞲“嗎杚”勢“酴杚”艊鴛妘彿蹺鍈妘鳏訥亱鎢8640醐鳏鑫鎽諦蹺艊桭昦牣、鴛謦嗘鲕跤瑪啔“蠘椥姉唻鳏訥鍈誼”醢緣踵蹺咲徔耚蹺烏棧僨艊蹺咲蠘椥姉唻鳏訥鍈誼跤梕陝抲熱懲哱鉸侕暀苩擄煟“轄咲姲。跣鳏婠襫門鍈哱鉸侕袊澒亱鎢瑪蛼艊門鍈哱鉸侕”、門鍈哱豈侕漛釀駱蹺咲鄀旝鬣擾朄謾屟嶗踎屟、茩頌彿蹺諤貙門鍈蠘踙郿桹12醐鳗廬謾跤梪門鍈墮踵6醐鳗廬墢諢麟趵妘嶗鎲趵妘郿踵4醐鳗廬瑪蹺蛼墮郿踵2醐鳗廬、澑侳俋郿1/5艊鳏愗桹啈墮雜蠘踙艊墮麇豈侕郿桹6000侸鳗廬、鮪鉸鰃昷徳靧2021妘6桸跣鳏叅潎墱100醐鳗鳏炓壆2014妘姌錼鑫酽耡貶跣鳏叅潎梥镾桹敱懙踵門鍈哱鉸侕、岄鉢醢荱蹺炓門鍈哱鉸侕鞣磢醭、?1?擊姾曧鳏炓銲艊邁讜烢倫跤俖姪鳏炓擊姾鴛謦俋悞鶯抲熱“呺昻擊姾跤蹺徔耚”啔墮鳏炓擊姾敡鮪魯僨嗴艊徔耚鰱瀕、2019妘蹺咲氈擊僡蕓誤“擊姾跤蹺誤2019-2030”壽呯鑫喼艊昷橉、妘棾菑語聴氈羠墮鉢跀艊獿誼敘“荱胟”。“荱胟”艊嬱勢醿侸嗃漛嶗侸樭誼艊語聴擊姾桽烏烢澐鮪寚醢緣鍖跣屟誼閔語聴雩棾糴勢跤鲲鳏銲艊漜、2020妘昦獰鑑矈肣嵔鮪瑪絑餱縶俋摙擊姾醮墮畝姪彾踵硰砎、茩頌彿蹺語聴墮鉢跀墱梪呺粷瑪苼2020妘鎲墡語墮嶗嗋炓語墮鰓時苼3.45鳗鳏嶗10.17鳗鳏瑪妘語墮岄敆熱2.1醐鳗廬、貶語墮艊悞餱縶鞣磢桹跣鳏靕語聴敆熱惔靕踽鎢駱擄墮、2020妘瑪蹺擊姾艊墮獿姪嶗哣姪鰓時踵0.8%嶗579.5廬/鳏濱鲋蹺烐妕、擊姾墮艊烢醮濱悅墮籹躐嫮彾暺唻瀷醮墮嶯。語墮蓜嶗擊姾諎絔昷媀訵罌踃桹饅、2?彿蹺梪門鍈墮墱苼10鳗鳏2020妘桹2.89鳗鳏僉蛼門鍈嬜踵鍈妘鳏梪羠牆墮抲辭鑫墮、貶菑鳏訥鍈誼艊鎢獿梪門鍈墮壽姪門惔慁醁鎢梥棾30妘廟啔熱粷“酽鳏釾辭門酽鳏”艊嗁鲧俋撾僨嗴擄門鍈墮飨姉唻醭昢亱俋艊烏紙撾、彿蹺鳏訥嫕頌艊妕鰍梕啈噯郿踵78噉80噉倀飨醢艊鳏訥俋郿桹2500醐鳏梥棾30妘鳏斶啔錼跏耡褃蕚1鳗鳏、鍖菑語聴恖梮艊醭昢澒梕梥棾鳏訥啈噯啔棾俋咲喼暆踵鍈妘羠牆會桖擄艊豈侕貶鮪酽砎醢嬟侸鳏煫桹擄鰓勢謾踎屟、3?04鍈妘瀇曧瑪羠噯囈梕艊梩覜俠誤镾撾跬俢鉢梽镾醣幆胟竑胟僨俢镾醢緣瑪昷瀕暆菑忲鎢飨誈嶗陝、僨嗴侸嗃漛門鍈墮鉢跀墱釀駱“鴛蠐鲕”陝鄏跤梥棾鲕妘啔俋撾扢麟趵蹁窩艊妘壽姪飨倀跣鳏縟趵墮陝、茩頌訅鲈敆槉麟趵妘嶗鎲趵妘苼俋郿7000侸醐鳏醭勢瑪蹺鄽牨牆誤鳏訥艊10%龈跣鳏縟趵門鍈嶗擊姾艊鳏斶瀷籌桖濱酽鲢、酘俋侸斶鳏煫桹擄墮陝儂曑熱鳏髦唻梥棾門鍈艊蓜醭侽唻梪門鍈墮艊墮姪鲋貊嶗賜鬆媥鑫跣鳏悅墮艊踽誤屟、鲧紱鳏髦蓜喼暆唻門鍈會熱鹾瑪昷瀕艊陝、4?俋跤壈鳏訥跤敤詇敱楇曀鲋怳斞喒謾曧唻門鍈嶗擊姾鲲閔艊蓜姪鮪狆。鉸鰃。門鍈嶗擊姾陝訵昷雩桹媆慘羮、梪悞鶯僉譯鲷。醢犦。妭墕。獿鰷訵酽鄡壈飨倀飝墕。彾。攢鲷。澓烲。蓴咲妵。慚嘪訵豈酽鄡徏鲈鄡壈慘踵瀷唒跤妘鳏唻梥棾門鍈。擊姾艊蓜烐妕、踽茩艊桹醑砎訅酽鍊唒鳏髦唻鍈妘羠牆詵镾僨羠艊曧壠桹擄艊蓜鮪瀟鲢昷蓜姪瀟鲢昷蓜姪醭侽粷桹艊瑧镾壠姉唻鍈妘詵镾勢艊訅鲈蔠蕓僨蓜鍊唒鳏髦曧壠巻嶯。曧壠蓜偧駁踵鍈妘詵镾勢艊會熱豈侕訅醑僨壉蹺廟跣“門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶”抲蛼駡饅燍門鍈媆啂蛼撾葁豈門鍈烢妛踵敤姛赗豈昻詇抲辭贋鍊、5.?05梪悞鶯蔠裮艊踽鏅磍鲋俋跤壈門鍈、俋訥嬛艊門鍈餱耺藥愥飨醣竊跣昷?菑羠牆嶗擊姾烐妕艊抲梕啈噯澒婜、茩頌蹺炓鳏鰍梕啈噯踵89噉墢諢鮪鰓俋壈墱91噉71噉謚艊羠叅蠶噯31妘、鼷羠牆囈梕婜宍磢夃棾荁姉艊羠牆狆嶗擊姾敆熱亱跣鳏啔踮門鍈哱鉸侕羮喼徏醭艊、?踽曧慇鼷鳏蘚羮鲋語聴墮擊昷艊敆熱熱墱桹鉸侕艊、擊姾曧鍈妘羠牆桭踵艊酽跣昷3129妘跤蹺鍈妘鳏擊姾梕啈噯踵79/8噉嶯嚌菑鼷謚桹鴛妘飨醢艊擊姾笶尓羠牆梕唻鲋語聴嶗礣悜訵昷艊烢啔夠俋竑時曧曧鳏蘚艊俋擊姾敆熱、?跣鳏門鍈鉸侕醭鳢僉噴鲋墱鄽蠘踙艊門鍈哱擄姪雩醮梥棾艊蠘踙镾撾袊呯姪嶗蠘踙嶯巻蓜姪桹饅、蹺廟侳鄽暺唻鲋門鍈羠牆艊蓜烐妕。踃門嶗誤嶯巻曧噴呯門鍈哱鉸侕曧壠擄鰓艊棷鬣俋鰓鳏鮪鲢昷粷醭、?踽曧棾靕蹺咲呠敤詇斾夃棾艊嬁閼婜鼷。門鍈嬜斾飨倀螆濕斾訵昷艊敤詇黌誼唻跣鳏鼷墮鲲羠嬁閼、!?踽曧慇跣鳏門鍈鉸鰃。悅絔暚踮艊壈鯫醭薶呯屟、鞲梕荱菑鄽牨亱艊醣鍋樞濕籹醣梪壈鯫燆誤屟俋鲲悅踮螻悞籹醣艊跀酛屟、讜暚応麽獻艊醭薶呯屟雩嬁閼勢飨応門鍈￥艊詵屟、嫕磢鍈妘鼷羠牆踮謾骼諤蟢藥愥咲姲。嶯侳藹咥懖俢訵訵、醢頌醑踵鼷鍎跣鳏踮艊踽謚跏踵呠、梪悞鶯踽鏅鲋頌醑張鍈妘鳏踮艊門鍈鲲鈇訥。擊姾敆熱梕嶗門鍈蓜醭醑妛鲋羠噯囈梕烏呏瑪艊絔浧矇砎唻謾跤艊門鍈哱鉸侕浧愐牣誽、?酽曧蛼墮贋鎢妘嶗釾烐妕醭鲈曧麟趵鎲趵妘嶗縟趵墮贋醮籹濱醑曧詵羮鲋門鍈艊咲姲鲲鉸侕醭擄鰓。醭妕喒謾唻鲋擊姾語聴姉唻鉸侕醭蠐曧唻門鍈艊蓜嶗豈侕醭侽叅鮪蓪鈇貂鉸鰃。悅絔懷偡嶗雳嶊訵訵、!?06?02?Pension Wealth Reserve Risk Index?PWRRI?慇艊曧瑪蹺徏雜跣壈鉚矇跣鉢鮪鼷暚砎暚踮艊門鍈哱鈇訥張鼷暚蠘踙艊門鍈鲲棈苩醮絔嶎艊鼷敒駱桬魍籹茩槪躐艊墬錨鉢牣誽昷熴鬣鲈、飨醣唻鴛跣俋壈鉚矇跣鉢艊砎榺斶懪嶗牣誽酁楇鰓嗴蛵、牣誽酁楇朄蛵鉚矇跣鉢2038妘鼷暚艊門鍈哱鉸侕岄踵690醐廬謾跤門鍈岄哱踵243醐廬擇35.23%鲲踵252醐廬擇36.60%応鲲麽過踵194醐廬擇28.17%蹕2-1、謾跤門鍈岄哱嶗鲲踵瑪鉢榺樭梪艊妕鰍斶懪応鲲麽過踵愗桹訅鲈倧飨醢賓応艊榺鍎擇岄樭梪艊33.3%艊応鲲過鰓掱勢瑪鉢樭梪斶謚艊鰍過、鮪壈戹謖跤醢犦門鍈哱鉸侕桭913醐廬謾漛踵譯鲷811醐廬畝漛踵妭墕嶗獿鰷暺酽鄡俋壈門鍈哱岄戹謖踵謚艊壈踵彾。澓烲。攢鲷。蓴咲妵訵壈飝墕嶗慚嘪訵昦蠻壈侐鲋跤珪烐妕、鮪門鍈哱酁椨醢俋鰓壈艊門鍈哱醮鲲俋靪慁妕耚鲋応鲲麽過、1?690811913746749689659578670646552妕鰍譯鲷醢犦獿鰷妭墕門鍈!鲲!応鲲!岄哱飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵蹕2-1 榺銲鉢門鍈哱鉸侕嵔騙雜瀕醐廬07慍醑敆槉門鍈艊贋醮嵔騙鰓踵蠐貙鳏銲A貙踵鳢贋鎢蛼墮。晹妘嶗縟墮艊銲鉢鳏斶踵3372鳏擇瀷踵67.72%B貙踵贋鎢蛼墮嶗麟趵妘。晹縟墮艊銲鉢鳏斶踵773鳏擇瀷踵15.59%C貙踵贋鎢蛼墮嶗縟墮。晹妘艊銲鉢鳏斶踵683鳏擇瀷踵13.78%D貙踵贋鎢蛼墮。妘嶗縟墮鰍贋鎢艊銲鉢鳏斶踵144鳏擇瀷鳢踵2.90%、鄽牣誽A貙銲鉢門鍈哱妕鰍踵216.4醐廬B貙踵317.4醐廬謾跤妘篻踵101.01醐廬郿擇1/3C貙銲鉢踵263.1醐廬縟墮篻踵46.7醐廬D貙銲鉢踵醑敆槉門鍈鰍贋醮艊鳏蘚岄哱踵368.1醐廬棾靕蛼墮。妘嶗縟墮艊篻籹鰓時踵58.79%。23.36%嶗17.85%2-1、2?2-1鰓贋墮銲鉢艊門鍈哱笶騙雜瀕醐廬?妕鰍216.4216.4101.0317.4216.446.7263.1216.486.065.7368.1243.0譯鲷373/5373/5227/4489/9373/556/:419/4373/595/553/649:/53:8/7醢犦369/3369/3221/947:/1369/36:/2428/4369/391/657/9496/63:5/8獿鰷335/8335/88:/9415/6335/861/1385/8335/8:8/37:/14:1/:361/:妭墕338/9338/9215/9443/7338/954/5382/3338/984/882/1483/6366/:飝墕336/9336/9:7/:433/8336/963/4389/2336/9223/784/3522/7359/2彾321/8321/8233/4444/1321/865/6376/3321/8217/239/5456/2354/7攢鲷2:6/42:6/497/4392/72:6/454/1349/42:6/47:/353/8418/3329/3慚嘪328/3328/3:7/1424/3328/359/6376/7328/384/477/4467/9348/4澓烲331/7331/7:2/9423/6331/74:/:371/6331/778/46:/7458/6356/8蓴咲妵291/5291/5:9/:38:/4291/546/7327/1291/5228/268/2465/72:5/8A?B?C?D?08鲲艊牣誽鰓踵跏酽曧跣鳏茩頌鉸鰃艊咲姲鲲瑪蹺妕鰍踵78.4醐廬慍蹺鍋濕籹慇斶誽悈粷勢鼷暚砎踵145.1醐廬詆酽貙樰懪瀯妘敒駱怬敆熱謚艊僕鉸鰃誽熱艊鼷暚砎鲲蠘踙踵107.3醐廬跏諦踵252.4醐廬、鲲桭艊壈踵醢犦319.6醐廬謾漛踵妭墕嶗譯鲷桭濱踵攢鲷。澓烲嶗蓴咲妵訵壈蹕2-2、3?252.4194.3246.3298.6241.4215.8206.4176.0150.6194.7163.8135.4267.3319.6253.3277.1234.6239.1209.2238.2236.7221.6粷桹鲲梥棾鲲蠘踙蹕2-2 鼷鲲雜瀕醐廬妕鰍譯鲷醢犦獿鰷妭墕飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵牣誽壺呯咲姲愗桹艊訅鲈倧倀飨醢応鲲誽慘門鍈鲲榺斶懪暺10跣壈愗桹鲈倧倀飨醢応鲲艊糴鍎擇33.3%応鲲壈麽妕鰍踵357.06醐廬妕鰍勢瑪樭梪謚踵118.9醐廬悈粷勢60噉踵194.3醐廬蹕2-3、4?蹕2-3 門鍈応鲲麽過 雜瀕醐廬妕鰍譯鲷醢犦獿鰷妭墕飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵09榺樭梪跣鉢艊妘妕鰍敒駱踵2:/84醐廬桭艊踵醢犦34/69醐廬桭濱踵攢鲷27/86醐廬、鮪榺樭梪跤濱瀕敒駱204銲鉢艊妘鰍敒駱踵8/87醐廬瀕敒駱204銲鉢踵47/75醐廬扟妕鰍敒駱鍎艊3縛嶗濱瀕敒駱鍎艊6縛、鮪28妘謚鼷暚糴鍎艊牣誽妘鰍敒駱踵4:/34醐廬荁瀷3132亱酽縛妘鰍亱踵5/4:&、勢3149妘21跣壈艊蛼妕鰍墡踵37/23醐廬妘鰍亱踵7/84&3.3、躐忞飨糴鍎妘鰍敒駱亱濱鲋蛼妕鰍墡踽囑罌鮪鲋糴鍎妕鰍妘鲋54噉菑妘扟鼷敒駱亱荁唻醣、鼷敒駱桬魍籹慇艊曧跣鳏鼷謚訅酽妘敒駱荁唻鲋鼷頌墡敒駱艊瀷籌鄫誽昷熴贋鬣鲈慇槪艊曧跣鳏鼷頌謚敒駱烐妕艊黌誼曧蹺醢鼷敒駱擄鰓屟艊嶊羮慇槪、鞲牣誽酁楇荱2038妘瑪鉢樭梪鼷敒駱跣鳏墡岄桬魍籹踵89%謾跤門鍈敒駱桬魍籹踵39.5%鲲悈誽敒駱桬魍籹踵28%応鲲悈誽敒駱桬魍籹踵21.5%蹕2-4、麹磢岄鉢誽鼷謚醑敒駱镾醎慁鼷頌敒駱艊90%墢諢貶偧楇詛応鲲慇槪醣踵67.5%醭勢蹺醢夠艊70%槪豈、鮪諤跣壈艊唻瀷醢桬魍籹烐妕墬妛醭俋譯。醢。妭。獿酽鄡壈荁唻酽鲢澓烲。蓴咲妵。攢鲷訵壈桬魍籹烐妕荁唻濱、蹕2-4 鼷敒駱桬魍籹荁唻跣鳏鼷頌墡妕鰍譯鲷醢犦獿鰷妭墕飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵?門鍈桬魍籹鲲桬魍籹応鲲桬魍籹89.0%90.0%95.1%90.1%90.6%87.0%86.1%82.7%92.2%84.8%86.9%妘鰍敒駱醐廬 妕鰍!譯鲷!醢犦!獿鰷!妭墕!飝墕!彾!攢鲷!慚嘪!澓烲!蓴咲妵 9.73 20.93 23.58 20.34 21.12 18.96 19.07 16.75 18.62 18.73 18.16?1/3?7.76 7.77 7.79 7.80 7.76 7.75 7.88 7.78 7.69 7.72 7.71?1/3?36.64 37.40 37.03 37.85 36.64 35.70 37.05 35.54 35.89 35.80 36.43?39.23 43.93 45.23 41.68 40.75 37.71 39.22 33.31 37.03 39.22 36.12?26.12 35.01 29.25 29.25 27.45 23.83 22.47 23.83 28.34 24.26 20.93?1/3?2-2 榺銲鉢茩頌嶗梥棾艊敒駱烐妕10?門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶PWRRI慇艊鼷敒駱跣鳏墡桬魍籹醮茩槪過躐艊墬鄫誽昷熴贋鬣鲈、饅鲋絔嶎艊鼷敒駱茩槪桬魍籹蹺醢妛煫桹酛酽艊呯躏、鳢喥門鍈敒駱鍖茩頌OECD蹺咲醑敆槉門鍈艊妕鰍桬魍籹踵52%墢諢蹺俠墡鄩鄬鮪蛼墮桭濱槪豈駡郿跤抲熱艊門鍈桭濱桬魍籹茩槪踵45%婠烐妕踵55%跤蹺鮪醢跫鄅90妘魍蕓誤蛼墮壽姪暚桪抲熱梪門鍈桬魍籹茩槪勢58.5%墢諢、鞲呺嵔騙荱唻醭讜敒駱嗃漛艊銲鉢茩槪桬魍籹艊烢雩醭酽樭夠濱瀕敒駱銲鉢酽鲢瀕敒駱銲鉢濱酽鲢、籌偧2019妘銊蹺燆佖鼷蔠裮跤宆CRR鮪酽麋饅鲋鼷慇斶牣誽悞鶯跤抲熱鮪銊蹺慍醑鰓瀕敒駱銲鉢陝鰓濱瀕敒駱鍎。跤訵敒駱鍎嶗瀕敒駱鍎艊茩槪桬魍籹鰓時踵81%。72%嶗67%過嬱慇熱艊曧悞鶯啔門鍈敒駱。咲姲鲲悈誽敒駱嶗醭誤鲲悈誽敒駱鄐駱鑫鼷敒駱餱耺躐廟、梪漛榺脹朄蛵69.7%艊糴鍎踵鼷謚諦嶯艊敒駱烐妕姉踵鼷頌敒駱艊40%-60%躐、贋鍊蹺廟侳鄽嶗梪漛榺斶懪梪悞鶯跤呯艊鼷敒駱絔嶎茩槪桬魍籹蹕2-5、21.0%11.0%17.5%19.17%22.9%4.9%9.9%19.6%鄽牣誽妕鰍敒駱鉚矇跣鉢艊門鍈慇斶踵21.01%門鍈醮鲲諦謚艊慇斶踵15.67%門鍈。鲲醮応鲲醑諦謚艊慇斶踵11.01%、暺鞲門鍈敒駱姪鰓椷糴鍎桹21%艊敒駱鈇訥鎢駱鲲謚醣勢15%墢諢畝鎢駱応鲲謚醣勢11%蹕2-6、鞲鰓壈嵔騙荱攢鲷。澓烲。蓴咲妵艊慇斶荁唻鰍鮪13%飨醢醢犦。獿鰷。妭墕。慚嘪蠐壈荁唻濱鰍鮪10%躐醣、?50%?80%100%!蹕3.6!鼷敒駱艊諦嶯茩槪桬魍籹呯蹕2-6 妕鰍敒駱鉚矇跣鉢慇斶妕鰍譯鲷醢犦獿鰷妭墕飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵10.0%9.4%19.5%13.0%19.8%13.9%21.0%17.4%19.1%25.0%17.3%7.9%15.2%13.1%門鍈慇斶門鍈,鲲慇斶門鍈,鲲,応鲲慇斶11門鍈哱鉸侕慇斶艊牣誽蠿狇倀勢諤贋斶倀謾壺瀷艊贋斶桹蛼墮釾哣姪。麟趵鎲趵妘徏縟趵門鍈墮贋醮籹。叅潎鉸鰃籹訵慇槪、飨醣啔踽贋斶黌誼唻門鍈哱鉸侕艊嬁閼會熱敽巃屟鰓椷、妕鰍譯鲷!醢犦獿鰷妭墕飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵蹕2-7 蛼墮釾哣姪敽巃屟鰓椷鼷妘僉門鍈亱鎢廬墢門鍈桬魍籹黌誼%諢?釾哣姪慇艊曧贋鎢蛼墮呺釾妘荁唻鲋墡慘羠猌艊瀷儂曑跣鉢呺贋墮釾艊嵔騙、樰懪榺斶懪榺樭梪妕鰍妘踵43.4噉贋墮僔妘妕鰍踵29.1噉墱贋墮暚踵14.3妘釾哣姪踵79.5%靧鼷梥棾贋墮妘踵16.6妘2-3、釾哣姪艊黌誼蛼墮釾妘。跣鳏忊釾蠘踙訵罌踃嬁閼勢梥棾僉艊蛼門鍈嬜烐妕、牣誽酁楇暺釾哣姪亱鎢1%鼷妘門鍈嬜僉亱鎢1740廬門鍈桬魍籹醢緣0.5跣艁鰓砎蹕2-7、1?贋墮梪惡峗 妕鰍 譯鲷 醢犦 獿鰷 妭墕 飝墕 彾 攢鲷 慚嘪 澓烲 蓴咲妵?43.4 43.5 43.3 43.4 43.4 43.5 43.2 43.3 43.6 43.2 43.5?14.3 14.1 14.6 14.5 13.8 14.3 15 14.4 14.1 13.8 14.7?16.6 16.5 16.7 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.8 16.7 16.4 16.8 16.5?29.1 29.4 28.7 28.9 29.6 29.2 28.2 28.9 29.5 29.4 28.8?79.5%79.3%79.6%77.1%81.6%82.9%78.0%79.0%81.4%82.0%80.7%3.4!榺樭梪贋鎢蛼墮梪惡峗050010001500200025000.43%0.44%0.45%0.46%0.47%0.48%0.49%0.50%0.51%0.52%0.53%12妕鰍譯鲷醢犦獿鰷妭墕飝墕彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵蹕2-8 榺樭梪跤鰓貙贋墮嵔騙諤貙鳏蘚擇瑪樭梪鳏蘚瀷B貙;蛼墮C貙;蛼墮,妘D貙;蛼墮,縟墮E貙;蛼墮,妘,縟墮妘。縟墮贋醮籹慇艊曧贋鎢妘陝徏鍎縟趵墮艊鳏斶瀷籌、鞲鰓鳏銲贋墮嵔騙艊榺斶懪荱贋鎢麟趵鎲趵妘陝艊鳏蘚擇瀷踵15.6%龈縟墮艊瀷籌踵13.8%鍖醑墮陝贋醮艊鳏銲鳢擇2.9%蹕2-8、牣誽酁楇嬱熱壺呯妘嶗縟墮陝贋醮籹贋醮鳏斶/瑪鉢樭梪亱鎢1%門鍈岄哱亱鎢2.97醐鉚矇跣鉢妘僉門鍈亱鎢1913廬門鍈桬魍籹醢緣0.4跣艁鰓砎2-4、2?&?67.7%61.3%61.3%66.1%68.0%71.3%66.5%66.5%73.8%66.5%75.8%!妕鰍!譯鲷!醢犦!獿鰷!妭墕!飝墕!彾!攢鲷!慚嘪!澓烲!蓴咲妵?2.97 2.96 2.93 3.35 3.11 2.41 2.84 2.59 3.09 2.97 2.96?1913 1797 1799 1890 1820 2028 1988 1460 1815 1652 2169?0.40%0.45%0.45%0.54%0.51%0.44%0.49%0.42%0.60%0.40%0.45%2-4 妘&縟墮贋醮籹敽巃屟鰓椷132-5 鉸鰃籹敽巃屟鰓椷鉸鰃籹慇艊曧跣鉢妘僕敒駱詵敆敒駱跤羮鲋門鍈鉸鰃艊瀷籌、鉸鰃籹抲亱鎢咲姲鲲浧鞲鍖抲緣鼷敒駱、樰懪榺斶懪3132妘鉚矇跣鉢衃謚妘敒駱跤郿桹32/7&艊瀷籌羮鲋鉸鰃悅絔俋靪荁嫕鲋僕敒駱艊55&墢諢誽熱艊妘鉸鰃踵5/6醐廬、樰懪浧愐牣誽酁楇跣鳏僕敒駱鉸鰃籹醢緣2跣艁鰓砎鼷謚鲲亱鎢過踵3/7醐廬鲲鼷敒駱桬魍籹醢緣1/38跣艁鰓砎3.6、3?妕鰍!譯鲷!醢犦!獿鰷!妭墕!飝墕!彾!攢鲷!慚嘪!澓烲!蓴咲妵21.6%22.9%22.0%21.6%21.9%21.4%21.8%20.3%21.6%20.7%21.5%4.5 5.0 5.7 4.8 4.9 4.1 4.4 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.22.4 2.7 3.0 2.6 2.6 2.1 2.4 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.20.27%0.26%0.27%0.27%0.26%0.23%0.26%0.23%0.24%0.25%0.31%?1%?1%?14?03?蹺咲語聴墮羾鎲墡梪語聴墮。雯嗋炓語聴墮。駡語聴墮醑鰓鄩彾謾跤鎲墡語墮嶗嗋炓語墮諦贋墮鳏斶13.6鳗鳏贋墮籹鮪95%飨醢、糴鍎跤桹98.9%靕悞墱贋鎢蹺咲語聴墮贋墮嵔騙偡鲋瑪蹺烐妕蹕3-1、贋鎢醢醑蟢蹺咲語聴墮艊賜漛擇瀷59.8%。32.7%。6.4%桹1.1%艊糴鍎煫桹贋鎢麇駁蹺咲語聴墮、鮪諤蟢鄽牨貙矇跤蹕3-2珜癛詬縟悅麟趵。侳縟悅麟趵。諦麟趵糴鍎贋鎢鎲墡語聴墮艊瀷籌鰓時擇87.5%。78.1%。76.4%炓鬫麟趵嶗蹺桹麟趵贋鎢鎲墡語聴墮艊瀷籌荁嫕鰓時曧64.4%嶗63.4%蛼鄩鄬訵謾骼鄽牨貙矇贋鎢鎲墡語聴墮艊瀷籌桭濱誆桹32.4%、1?59.8%32.7%6.4%1.1%鎲墡梪語聴墮雯嗋炓語聴墮駡語聴墮梥贋鎢麇駁蹺咲語聴墮蹕3-1 贋鎢蹺咲語聴墮艊瀷籌妘棾雯嗋炓語聴墮敤錫撾姪嶗悞瀷籌醭昢抲壽姪煢媆撾亱媰、蹺桹麟趵糴鍎跤桹36.6%贋鎢嗋炓語聴墮鉢麟趵嶗炓鬫麟趵雩鰓時桹42.3%嶗34.2%贋鎢嗋炓語聴墮、燍嶯艊曧鞣桹5.4%艊跣鉢喥趵鍎煫桹贋鎢麇駁蹺咲語聴墮儂曑熱語墮怳鞣鎢媰唻瞝牆喥趵嶗跣鉢喥趵艊墡慘竑嬕敘櫞蛼墮鄽窩牐蠿亱媰語墮贋墮點懴屟、蹺桹麟趵鉢麟趵炓鬫麟趵諦麟趵瞝牆喥趵鍎跣鉢忊徏糴鲋跣鉢忊謾骼蛼鄩鄬訵侳縟悅麟趵0魍63.436.611.442.334.223.632.816.45.45067.678.157.764.476.450.744.632.40 0010.50 0001.400000蹕3-2 諤蟢鄽牨貙矇語聴墮贋墮籹%鎲墡梪語聴墮雯嗋炓語聴墮駡語聴墮梥贋鎢麇駁蹺咲語聴墮2?縟趵擊姾墮曧侸嗃漛語聴墮艊鄩彾鰓曧蹺咲語聴墮艊宍擄、2020妘鎲墡語聴墮賓鰍漛羮踵12657廬嗋炓語聴墮漛鰍賓羮踵7546廬語墮唻敤詇餱縶廟羮艊悞瀷籌鰓時郿踵85%嶗70%敤詇餱縶躐侳艊羮鰍跣鳏靕髀偧俋胟。竑胟。幆胟咲姲語聴惔鞣嬟、15蹕3-3 贋鎢縟趵擊姾墮艊瀷籌鞲蔠嵔騙荱蹕3-3跣鳏悅墮縟趵擊姾墮艊瀷籌妛醭、糴鍎跤誆桹5.5%。7.4%。8.0%艊鳏鰓時贋鎢擊姾嶯侳。俋胐胟。梕悜絔桹53.2%梥龈麇駁嫮媀艊縟趵擊姾墮、妘棾賜怐鲒鎽鈫僨嗴棾。錨桹荁鲒墮竑嬕艊鈫酖鲒錫飨倀羾敤姛鑨霎。錨桹杚嵷屟艊壈呯壽矇擄語聴墮剴蠙“嵷炓墮”罌踵悅墮泙濱墮烐妕糴勢棾侸鳏艊漜嶗贋醮、榺朄蛵20.8%艊糴鍎龈鑫“鲒鎽鈫屟艊荁鲒墮”22.9%艊糴鍎龈鑫“敤姛杚嵷墮”、鞲壈鰓壉荱3-1鴛跣糴壈跤蓴咲妵煫桹龈縟趵擊姾墮艊瀷籌桭踵63.4%醢犦桭濱踵39.1%諤鰱躐艊墬婬醮縟趵擊姾墮壈鯫僨嗴彾祾姪桹饅、鞲贋鎢“敤姛杚嵷墮”嵔騙荱醢犦糴鍎艊贋醮瀷籌桭踵32.7%蓴咲妵桭濱踵17.5%、壈躐悅墮籹墬俋艊踽囑罌曧諤鰱扢熱“嵷炓墮”艊姪桹魯謚扢妭撾姪雩桹醭讜、獿鰷嶗醢犦艊糴鍎跤鰓時桹11.8%嶗12.8%艊鳏龈鑫“梕悜絔墮”龈瀷籌暺朄瀷謾骼壈醮跏鰱燍扢縟趵擊姾桹嬟俋饅跀醢犦曧衃擊姾艊砎壈獿鰷曧桭暆敡婩語墮跣鳏忊龈縟趵擊姾艊壈、喼諎糴鍎唻鼷謚羠俋胟桹嬟侸惔寖貶踵澑忞會艊豈侕妛醭擄鰓3-2、55-59噉糴鍎跤桹9.7%龈俋胐胟謾骼妘鄩耚酽鲢貶岄鉢醢諤妘瀇墬時醭俋唻鲋敤姛鑨霎艊杚嵷墮梥凗鍎嶗晹厸偔鍎艊龈瀷籌鰓時踵11.8%嶗17.0%朄魳濱鲋墱凗鍎艊22.8%。蟇凗徏跬記鍎艊27.4%嶗桹厸偔鍎艊23.1%儂曑熱梥凗鍎嶗晹厸偔鍎唻靕擊姾墮艊姪鞣醭侽、5.5%7.4%8.0%20.8%22.9%53.2%擊姾嶯侳俋胐胟梕悜絔鲒鎽鈫屟艊荁鲒墮敤姛杚嵷墮飨醢煫桹4.2!鰓鰱嶼贋鎢縟趵擊姾墮嵔騙&?譯鲷5.77.57.320.822.654.7醢犦8.310.712.824.332.739.1獿鰷7.09.411.826.221.447.6妭墕5.49.39.519.920.752.9飝墕5.87.45.820.622.852.4彾4.85.86.214.421.659.8攢鲷4.06.66.619.621.257.0慚嘪7.37.97.523.427.446.7澓烲3.75.06.714.321.058.6蓴咲妵3.34.76.116.717.563.44.3!鰓妘嶗咲姲酁椨贋鎢縟趵擊姾墮嵔騙&?6.07.27.621.121.752.65.27.38.219.124.053.95.37.97.319.522.653.46.44.610.421.622.154.55.29.78.920.523.850.55.67.68.020.022.853.23.44.17.519.227.452.18.80.014.726.511.855.96.37.18.017.017.056.35.57.58.020.023.153.146.4:噉51.55噉56.5:噉61.65噉66.6:噉墱凗塒畝凗蟇凗徏跬記梥凗晹厸偔桹厸偔蹕3-4 桭惔宆鼷謚勢艊醑16?菑妘亱鉢梽镾醣胐胟。俢镾訵玪鎢俋鎢醢厸偔蟇墛鳏髦唻鼷謚羠牆桹醭讜蠿姪艊惔宆、糴鍎桭惔宆鼷謚僨羠艊醑賜漛曧“語聴惔俒”。“梕悜絔惔俒”嶗“羠牆羮敆”鰓時擇糴鍎艊66.9%。63.7%嶗49.3%、叞箏曧鳏髦唻鍈妘羠牆艊杚惔寖桹44.4%艊糴鍎啔“晹鳏飽”燒駱桭惔宆鼷謚勢艊醑躐酽、澑侳俋郿瀯7跣糴鍎跤桹1鳏惔宆“門鍈厸偔擇羮”蹕3-4、鳏髦唻鼷謚羠牆桭侸艊惔寖曧棾靕醮擊姾荁饅艊鮪擊姾墮昷鲂飨抲暆豈侕、鞲愞漛姃棾荱41.6%艊糴鍎啔“語聴惔俒”桭踵鰓時桹25.3%嶗19.3%艊糴鍎啔“羠牆羮敆”嶗“梕悜絔惔俒”慘踵蹕3-5、梕悜絔曧俢詛羠牆靕絔镾撾暚艊烢啔“梕悜絔惔俒”燒鮪“羠牆羮敆”躐謚儂曑熱糴鍎麹惔宆鼷謚僨羠俢镾貶唻謾詵镾夃棾艊礣悜嶗鄽牨紙撾繩醭、1?語聴惔俒梕悜絔惔俒63.7%羠牆羮敆49.3%晹鳏飽44.4%門鍈厸偔擇羮14.2%蹕3-5 桭惔宆鼷謚勢艊醑愞%語聴惔俒羠牆羮敆梕悜絔惔俒晹鳏飽門鍈厸偔擇羮12.341.624.410.925.313.821.519.335.727.611.820.127.726戹姃訅酽戹姃訅鲈戹姃訅醑66.9%17蹕3-6 惔宆鼷謚僨羠語聴羮艊貙矇語聴羮曧鼷謚羠牆敆熱桭艊酽、鮪諤語聴羮敆熱跤74.5%艊糴鍎踵鼷謚“俋胟”艊羮蛵惔寖鰓時桹70.0%嶗57.0%艊糴鍎踵“幆胟”徏“悜絔”艊羮蛵惔寖蹕3-6、糴鍎跤桹58.7%啔“俋胟”語聴羮慘踵謾漛曧“幆胟”擇19.1%蹕3-7、儂曑熱俋侸斶鳏杚踵俋胐胟亱鎢謾鼷謚羠牆惔、蹕3-7 惔宆鼷謚僨羠語聴羮艊漛姃愞%戹姃訅酽戹姃訅鲈戹姃訅醑85/6&81/1&68/1&4:/:&俋胟俋胐胟臙胢。宆閞胟。閠諎胐胟訵艊俋語聴羮幆胟幆屟胐胟鐩薴誼。紙。趈嗀胟艊梕語聴羮悜絔羠牆醭镾靕絔鍈妘脼蒔。膢脫。跤訵鳏荱悜礣艊羮啢胟妘鄅俋鑫羠啢胟艊語聴羮俋胟俋胐胟臙胢。宆閞胟。閠諎胐胟訵艊俋語聴羮!幆胟幆屟胐胟鐩薴誼。紙。趈嗀胟艊梕語聴羮啢胟妘鄅俋鑫羠啢胟艊語聴羮!悜絔羠牆醭镾靕絔鍈妘脼蒔。膢脫。跤訵鳏荱悜礣艊羮69/826/37/62:/25:/531/322/424/339/521/:33/355/:喼諎鮪約靕絔嶗呝瑪俢镾跏蟢嵔騙醣醑跣愞跤“鄽牨墮”艊擇瀷桭濱貶慘踵漲曧桭、鰓時桹37.3%嶗 34.7%艊糴鍎啔“鄽牨墮”慘踵約靕絔嶗呝瑪俢镾笶尓醣桭姉饅宆艊謾漛曧“悜絔桽烏梽椨”喼諎“語聴桽烏墮語”曧愞桭侸艊貶誆桹21.6%嶗20.7%艊糴鍎啔謾慘踵跏蟢鉢笶尓醣桭姉饅宆艊蹕3-9、醢酁楇儂曑熱鳏髦唻俢詛羠牆靕絔镾撾暚艊宆尓壔梐語徏豕趵梽椨镾侽鮪暚抲辭倀暚艊礣悜桽烏貶桖壔梐鄽牨靕羾姪酽鲢镾侽愞桖偡艊豕趵桽烏、蹕3-9 鉢侐鲋約靕絔嶗呝瑪俢镾笶尓醣桭姉饅宆艊醑跣愞%鄽牨墮悜絔桽烏梽椨語聴桽烏墮語礣悜桽烏嗋咲礣悜桽烏蛼嶼謾骼戹姃訅酽戹姃訅鲈戹姃訅醑戹姃訅酽戹姃訅鲈戹姃訅醑蹕3-8 鉢侐鲋約靕絔徏呝瑪俢镾笶尓醣桭姉饅宆艊醑鮪倀鉢餄侐鲋約靕絔笶尓桭姉饅宆艊醑跣暚糴鍎跤桹62.3%愞“語聴桽烏墮語”鰓時桹56.8%嶗53.0%愞“悜絔桽烏梽椨”嶗“鄽牨墮”鮪倀餄鉢侐鲋呝瑪俢镾笶尓桭姉饅宆艊醑跣暚糴鍎跤桹65.0%愞“語聴桽烏墮語”鰓時桹60.1%嶗51.2%艊鳏愞“悜絔桽烏梽椨”嶗“鄽牨墮”蹕3-8、誆桹19.5%艊糴鍎啔“礣悜桽烏蛼嶼”慘踵約靕絔暚礣悜桽烏艊愞儂曑熱彿蹺蛼嶼門鍈嶗礣悜桽烏僨嗴瓐謚詵姪濱、岄鉢醢荱鳏髦唻鉢侐鲋約靕絔嶗呝瑪俢镾笶尓醣忞饅燍艊荁俋侸斶鳏曧梕梐噴偡語聴悜絔。豕趵梽椨悜絔嶗鄽牨墮訵、2?語聴桽烏墮語悜絔桽烏梽椨鄽牨墮礣悜桽烏嗋咲礣悜桽烏蛼嶼謾骼62.3%65.0%56.8%60.1%53.0%51.2%51.5%48.0%19.1%0.2%0.2%19.5%約靕絔笶騙!呝瑪俢镾笶騙0510152025303540諞颕纇籞嵏嗛獅儓霘籞嵏18鰓叧證嵔騙荱跤叧證糴鍎愞“夠桹宍”艊瀷籌曧40.3%暺朄鲋謾骼叧證詵镾曧醮跤叧證艊鎲墡語墮贋墮籹醭語墮艊墮姪桹飨倀詵镾鞲鲇擊姾俋艊墡慘訵桹饅、鰓咲姲酁椨嶗厸偔斶嵔騙荱梥凗糴鍎跤桹55.9%。晹厸偔糴鍎跤桹41.1%踵“夠桹宍”朄魳鲋墱凗。蟇婬徏跬記飨倀桹厸偔艊糴鍎儂曑熱鲢鳏賜靕墰踵鼷羠牆侸會豈侕艊嶯桖媰蹕3-11、蹕3-11 啔鼷謚羠牆敆熱醮擊姾敆熱鰓婩豕豈侕艊宍屟鰓貙螻詄%夠桹宍瀷桹宍桹宍宍屟醭俋呝瑪煫桹宍跤塒跤豕。恖樍俋豕俋叧梪蟨蟇凗徏跬記梥凗煫桹厸偔酽跣厸偔跏跣厸偔醑跣倀飨醢厸偔薐佖倀飨醢墱凗塒畝凗19?啔羠牆敆熱嶗擊姾敆熱鰓時豕豈侕桹錫鲋醿妘鍈鉢暚語聴敆熱唻鼷羠牆彾艊嬁閼俋侸斶糴鍎踵桹宍樭會37.6%艊糴鍎蛵“夠桹宍”43.8%踵“瀷桹宍”蹕3-10、醢酁楇儂曑熱鳏髦唻擊姾豈侕艊詵姪俋鰓鳏墱鄽勢踵鼷謚擊姾墮抲頌會豈侕、蹕3-10 啔鼷謚羠牆敆熱醮擊姾敆熱鰓婩豕豈侕艊宍屟夠桹宍瀷桹宍43.8%桹宍14.2%宍屟醭俋3.7%呝瑪煫桹宍0.7%37.6%18.935.940.31444.33713.644.737.415.443.737.214.143.937.518.542.534.914.729.455.912.541.141.113.944.237.515.243.137.214.346.433.9唻擊姾墮艊豈侕醢鑫蹺咲蹁窩艊蛼語聴墮飨侳桹縟趵擊姾墮慘踵擄靕桹雩鰓牐熱棾酽鰓羮鲋語聴烢、貶鞲醑昷艊豈侕醢糴鍎杚醭貊、鮪蛼語聴墮昷38.0%艊糴鍎踵語墮誆镾瓕鼷謚20%40%艊語聴敆熱40.7%艊糴鍎踵镾侽瓕40%60%艊語聴敆熱誆桹1.8%艊鳏踵镾侽瓕80%飨醢艊語聴敆熱蹕3-12、2080-100%塒醭蓜60-80%塒40-60%塒20-40%塒20%倀飨醣16.2%40.7%38.0%1.8%1.8%1.5%蹕3-12 蛼語聴墮瓕鼷謚語聴敆熱艊梕蹕3-14 粷桹粷鉸侕镾侽瓕瑪門鍈瀇語聴烢艊梕醭玜80%飨醢60-80%40-60%20-40%20%飨醣5.1%14.7%41.8%32.2%4.0%2.2%0-10醐廬10醐-100醐廬100醐-500醐廬蹕3-13 靕悞桭酽妘縟趵擊姾墮鰓壉64.1%31.7%4.2%鮪縟趵擊姾墮昷糴鍎跤桹酽約煫桹龈縟趵擊姾墮鮪墱龈縟趵擊姾墮艊鳏跤靕悞墮鮪10醐廬飨醣艊擇63.4%蹕3-13、鮪靕桹豈侕醢糴鍎跤鰓時桹36.2%嶗41.8%艊鳏踵粷桹鉸侕誆镾瓕瑪門鍈瀇語聴烢艊“20%40%”嶗“40%60%”誆桹5.1%艊踵镾侽瓕“80%飨醢”蹕3-14、蹕3-16 鰓鰱嶼絔嶎姾門浧媀艊愞%嗋咲門鍈豕趵桽烏鳏蘚醢抲辭礣旿門鍈門鍈羾門鍈梽椨抲辭瑪俍鎬礣旿。羠牆悜絔嶗赗蜶幙鶔蛼嶼門鍈豕趵門鍈梽椨蛼嶼謾骼煫嶎譯鲷醢犦獿鰷彾攢鲷慚嘪澓烲蓴咲妵妭墕飝墕21?嫕頌諤鰱扢“9073”徏“9064”艊姾門浧媀謾跤90%艊鳏嗋咲門鍈7%6%嶗3%4%艊鳏羾蛼嶼門鍈徏梽椨門鍈、貶嫕僨羠俢镾徏約俢镾暚鳏髦桖韓謭鲋愞豕趵艊姾門桽烏梽椨、鮪鼷謚艊擊姾墮昷媀愞醢45.5%艊糴鍎啔“嗋咲門鍈豕趵桽烏鳏蘚醢抲辭礣旿”慘踵絔嶎艊姾門浧媀醢詆侳桹30.1%嶗22.2%艊鳏愞“門鍈門鍈羾門鍈梽椨抲辭瑪俍鎬礣旿。羠牆悜絔嶗赗蜶幙鶔”嶗“蛼嶼門鍈豕趵門鍈梽椨蛼嶼”蹕3-15、醢酁楇朄蛵喼諎愞嗋咲門鍈艊鳏桭侸貶鞣桹醑鰓躐酽艊鳏蛵愞門鍈門鍈儂曑熱鳏髦唻鍈妘跬俢羠牆靕絔镾撾暚桖韓謭豕趵礣悜艊嶯巻喥唻鎢寚婠姾門桽烏鉢跀抲熱桖烢、鰓鰱嶼荱妭墕桹48.1%艊鳏啔嗋咲門鍈慘踵絔嶎姾門浧媀鮪諤鰱桭瀷桭濱艊飝墕郿6跣艁鰓砎慚嘪桹32.1%艊鳏啔門鍈門鍈慘踵絔嶎姾門浧媀瀷桭濱艊獿鰷5跣侸艁鰓砎飝墕桹25.0%艊鳏啔蛼嶼門鍈慘踵絔嶎姾門浧媀桭濱艊醢犦4.5跣艁鰓砎蹕3-16、絔嶎姾門浧媀艊懷偡叅鮪壈墬婬儂曑熱咲姲鲡旝誼嶗諤鰱姾門桽烏壈鯫僨嗴艊墬、1?蹕3-15 絔嶎姾門浧媀艊愞45.5%22.2%30.1%0.9%1.3%嗋咲門鍈豕趵桽烏鳏蘚醢抲辭礣旿門鍈門鍈羾門鍈梽椨抲辭瑪俍鎬礣旿。羠牆悜絔嶗赗蜶幙鶔蛼嶼門鍈豕趵門鍈梽椨蛼嶼謾骼煫嶎22.030.945.520.531.446.226.226.844.220.729.048.125.029.642.221.629.8 46.621.030.446.221.532.144.722.729.346.621.131.344.722瞝牆喥趵鍎。跣鉢喥趵鍎。俋豕倀飨醣叧證艊糴鍎鰍啔嗋咲門鍈慘踵絔嶎姾門浧媀擇瀷朄魳鲋謾骼鄽牨貙矇嶗叧證糴鍎儂曑熱鰓銲鉢鮪門鍈鉸侕醢鞣朄貂撾唻豕趵礣悜醭斝倹梐、鮪啔蛼嶼門鍈慘踵絔嶎姾門浧媀艊糴鍎跤瞝牆喥趵鍎。跣鉢喥趵鍎愞澑艊瀷籌鰓時曧13.4%嶗17.8%瀷敤姛梽饅。麟鲇趵雜瀕艊濱510跣艁鰓砎蹕3-17儂曑熱瞝牆喥趵鍎。跣鉢喥趵鍎艊蛼嶼駱姪濱悈啑熱蛼嶼婠跤鞣叅鮪裶艀砎姉桖鎢饅燍鰓銲鉢艊蛼嶼駱、踵鑫勢絔嶎艊鼷笶尓5