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小学英语语法要点及习题总结.doc

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小学英语语法要点及习题(名词复数规则) 1. 一般情况下,直接加-s,如: book-books, bag—bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2. 以s。 x。 sh. ch结尾,加—es,如: bus—buses, box-boxes, brush—brushes, watch-watches 3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加—es,如: family-families, strawberry—strawberries 4. 以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如: knife-knives 5. 不规则名词复数: man-men woman-women policeman—policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse—mice child—children foot-feet tooth—teeth fish—fish people-people Chinese—Chinese Japanese-Japanese 小练习: 写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo—yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 小学英语语法总结及习题 (一般现在时) 一般现在时基本用法介绍   【No。 1】一般现在时的功能   1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue。天空是蓝色的。   2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day。我每天六点起床。   3。表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转.   一般现在时的构成   1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:   I am a boy.我是一个男孩。   2。行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:   We study English。我们学习英语.   当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加”-s”或”—es"。如:Mary likes Chinese。玛丽喜欢汉语。   一般现在时的变化   1。 be动词的变化。   否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。   如:He is not a worker。他不是工人.   一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。   如:-Are you a student?     -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not。 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?   2。行为动词的变化.   否定句:主语+ don’t( doesn’t ) +动词原形(+其它).如:   I don’t like bread.   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn’t构成否定句。如:   He doesn’t often play.   一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:   — Do you often play football?   - Yes, I do. / No, I don’t。   当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句.如:   - Does she go to work by bike?   — Yes, she does。 / No, she doesn’t。   特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句.如:How does your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加—s,如:cook—cooks, milk—milks 2.以s. x。 sh。 ch。 o结尾,加—es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch—watches, go—goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加—es,如:study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1。 He often ________(have) dinner at home。 2。 Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday。 4。 Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday。 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9。 She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10。 There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11。 Mike _______(like) cooking。 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14。 You always _______(do) your homework well. 15。 I _______(be) ill。 I’m staying in bed. 16。 She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE。 18。 The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening。 19。 Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term。 20。 -What day _______(be) it today? - It's Saturday。 三、按照要求改写句子 1。 Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 2. I do my homework every day。(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _______________________________________________________ 3。 She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) ___________________________ 4。 Amy likes playing computer games。(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ___________________________________________________ 5。 We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________ 6。 He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________________ 8. John comes from Canada。(对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________ 9。 She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _______________________________________________________ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating。(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2。 Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3. He likes play games after class。 __________________ 4。 Mr。 Wu teachs us English。 __________________ 5。 She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________ 小学英语语法总结及习题 (现在进行时) 1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing。 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not. 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首. 5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook—cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste—tasting 3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run—running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习: 一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1。The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3。 My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now。 4。 What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson . 6。They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now。 7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom 。 8。What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music。 9。 It's 5 o’clock now。 We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换: 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 3.I’m playing the football in the playground 。(对划线部分进行提问) _______________________________________________________ 4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问) _______________________________________________________ 小学英语语法总结及习题 4一般将来时 一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构: ①be going to + do; ②will+ do。 三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t. 例如:I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon。→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon。 四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。 例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1. 问人.Who 例如:I'm going to New York soon。 →Who’s going to New York soon. 2。 问干什么。What … do。例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon。 →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon。 3。 问什么时候。When.例如:She's going to go to bed at nine。 →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句:be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow。 练习: 填空。 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2。 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball。 3。 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。 _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________。 She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit。 4。 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。 5. Nancy is going to go camping。(改否定) Nancy ________ going to go camping。 6. I’ll go and join them.(改否定) I _______ go ______ join them. 7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow。(改一般疑问句) ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30。(改一般疑问句) _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30。 9。 She is going to listen to music after school。(对划线部分提问) ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空. 11。 Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot。 But today is rain。 He ______________ (go) to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects? 15。 It’s Friday today。 What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects。 16。 What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm。 What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows。 17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow。 18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 19。 David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday。 20。 I ________________ (plan) for my study now 小学英语语法总结及习题 5一般过去时 Part A 1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t) ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t) ⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday。 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形. 如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? 如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则: 1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste—tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加—ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式: am,is—was, are-were, do—did, see—saw, say—said, give—gave, get—got, go-went, come-came, have—had, eat—ate, take—took, run—ran, sing—sang, put-put, make—made, read—read, write-wrote, draw—drew, drink—drank, fly—flew, ride—rode, speak—spoke, sweep—swept, swim—swam, sit—sat 一般过去时练习 写出下列动词的过去式 is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be动词的过去时练习(1) Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________ 一、 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now。 2. He ________ at the camp last week。 3。 We ________ students two years ago。 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5。 Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year。 6。 There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday。 7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday。 8。 The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、 句型转换 1。 It was exciting. 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2。 All the students were very excited。 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3。 They were in his pocket. 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习(2) Name ____________ No。 ______ Date __________ 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ an English teacher now。 2. She _______ happy yesterday。 3。 They _______ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends。 5. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 7。 There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.. 8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June。 It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited。 二、句型转换 1。 There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 三、 中译英 1.我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边. ___________________________________________________________ 2.他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________ 3.一会以前花园里有两只小鸟. ___________________________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习(1) Name ____________ No。 ______ Date __________ 一、用行为动词的适当形式填空 1。 He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2。 The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night。 3。 We _______ (have) a party last Halloween。 4。 Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week。 5。 I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival。 8。 The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party. 二、句型转换 1。 Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day。 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2。 Nancy went to school early. 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3. We sang some English songs。 否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习(2) Name ____________ No。 ______ Date __________ 一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night。 3。 We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 4。 ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6。 Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday。 7。 I
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