人教版英语八年级上册总复习各单元知识点和练习.doc

八年级上册各单元重点知识归纳和练习巩固
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
词组
1. go to the movies 去看电影
2. look after = take care of 照顾
3. surf the internet 上网
4。 healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5。 go skate boarding 去划板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do sports锻炼
8. eating habits 饮食习惯
9。 take more exercise 做更多的运动
10。 the same as 与什么相同
11. be different from 不同
12。 once a month一月一次
13。 twice a week一周两次
14。 make a difference to 对什么有影响
15. how often 多久一次
16. although = though虽然
17. most of the students=most students
18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
19。 as for至于
20。 activity survey活动调查
21. do homework做家庭作业
22. do house work做家务事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 对什么有益
26。 be bad for对什么有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29。 try to do sth 尽量做某事
30。 come home from school放学回家
31. of course = certainly = sure当然
32. get good grades取得好成绩
33。 some advice
34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不
35. keep/be in good health保持健康
36。be stressed紧张的，有压力的
37。 take a vacation 去度假
48。get back 回来
Section A
1. How often多久(一次)
How often do you exercise？ 你多久锻炼一次身体?
How often does your mother go shopping? 你妈妈多久购一次物?
【区别】How often和How many times
① How often用来提问某个动作间隔多久发生一次，即询问动作发生的频率。通常对一些表示频率的副词进行提问；也可以对频度短语进行提问.
② How many times意思是“多少次”，是用来提问做某事的次数的，往往就once, twice, three times等词语进行提问。
典型例题:
1）Li Ming does his homework every day。 （就划线部分提问)→
How often does Li Ming do his homework?
解析:every day属于频度短语，就频度短语提问用How often。
2)The old man went to the zoo three times this year。（就划线部分提问）→
How many times did the old man go to the zoo this year?
解析：这里就次数提问用how many times.
2. hardly几乎不，简直不
There are hardly any students in the classroom.几乎没有学生在教室里。
There is hardly a cloud in the sky. 天空中几乎没有云。
【区别】hardly与hard
① hardly不是hard加后辍所构成的,它是副词,常与can或any连用。
② hard可用作形容词，意思为“艰难的，困难的，勤奋的”可等同于“difficult”。它也可用作副词，意思是“努力地，刻苦地，猛烈地”。
典型例题:
1） 学好英语不难。(翻译成英语）→
解析： 答案是It’s not hard to learn English。 这里hard为形容词,艰难的，困难的.
2) We must （努力学习)。
解析：在英语中努力学习或努力工作，我们常用work hard来表示，这里hard是副词，修饰前面的动词work。故答案为：work hard
Section B
知识要点
1。 【区别】maybe， may be
maybe是副词，意思是“也许，可能”，相当于perhaps， 常用于句首。如：
Maybe he will call you tomorrow。 或许他明天给你打电话。
may be是由情态动词may和系动词be构成，译成汉语为“可能是",在句中作谓语。如：Tom may be at home. 汤姆可能在家。
Maybe和may be有时可以互相转换。如：Maybe he is right.可等同于：He may be right。
2。 although的用法
although表示“虽然”，是从属连词，引导让步状语从句,语气较重，且比较正式，所引导的从句放在主句前后均可,可用though替换.注意：though/ although不能和but同时出现在一个句子中,但可以和yet连用.如：
Although/Though it is snowing, it is not very cold。=It is snowing， but it is not very cold.= Although/ Though it is snowing， yet it is not very cold。 虽然下着雪,但并不是很冷。
随堂达标
一、单项选择
1。 My mother told me ________ you anything。
A。 tell not B. not tell C. to not tell D。 not to tell
2. “I'll try mistakes again. ”She said。
A。 don’t make B。 not to make C. not make D. to not make
3。 Would you like to eat？
A。 something healthy B。 anything healthy
C。 something health D。 healthy something
4。 Doing morning exercises your health。
A。 is bad to B。 is good for C。 is bad for D。 is good to
5。 he works very hard, he fails.
A。 Because B。 Since C。 if D. Although
二、用单词的适当形式填空。
1。 A lot of vegetables help you ____________ (keep） in good health。
2. My mother wants me ____________ （drink） some milk every day。
3。 His ____________ （eat) habits are pretty good, so he’s very healthy。
4。 You must try ____________ (eat） less meat。
5. Good sleep can help you to study ____________ （well）.
三、完成句子。
1。 妈妈想让我天天喝牛奶。
My mother wants me ____________ ____________ ____________ every day.
2。 天天跑步对我们的健康有好处.
Running every day is ____________ ____________ our health.
3。 我努力吃大量的蔬菜.
I ____________ ____________ ____________ a lot of vegetables。
4。 我健康的生活方式帮着我取得好成绩。
My healthy lifestyle helps me ____________ ____________ ____________。
5. 我相当健康。
I’m ____________ ____________.
6。 你多久吃一次垃圾食品？
____________ ____________ do you eat ____________ food?
四、短文填空。
A： Hello， Sally. Welcome to my house.
B: Thank you.
A: （1)____________ you like a cup of tea?
B: Yes， please。
A： Would you like some fruit？
B： Some bananas , please 。 It’s my (2）____________。
A: Eating fruit is good （3）____________ your health . （4)____________ (5）____________ do you eat fruit?
B： Every day。
A： It’s a good eating （6）____________。 Eating a lot of vegetables and fruit can help you (7)____________ good grades. They can help you to study better.
B: You are （8)____________.
A： Oh， (9)____________ （10）____________ do you play ？
B： I often play basketball。
A： Oh， good. Let's play together。
B: OK. Let’s go.
五、语法练习
1. She does her homework at school.(变成否定句）
She __________ __________ her homework at school。
2. He reads English books every day. （变为一般疑问句)
__________ he __________ English books every day？
3。 Sandra goes shopping once a month。 (对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ __________ Sandra __________ shopping?
4. Frank sleeps nine hours every night。 （对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ __________ __________ Frank __________ every night?
5。 He likes playing volleyball. （对划线部分提问）
__________ __________ he __________ playing？
Unit 2 What’s the matter？
词组
1。 Have a cold 感冒
2。 sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 并驾齐驱,齐头并进
4。 I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
= There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts
= I have (got） a pain in my stomach
5. What's the matter? 怎么了？
= What’s the trouble (with you）？
= What’s your trouble?
= What’s wrong (with you）？
= What’ the matter (with you)？
=What has happened to you？
= Is there anything wrong (with you)? = what’s up？
6。 sore throat 咽喉痛
7。 lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙医
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10。 hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
11。That’s a good idea 好主意
12.That’s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我认为如此
14. I’m not feeling well。 我觉得不太舒服
= I’m not feeling fine/all right。
= I'm feeling ill/sick。 =I feel terrible/bad。
= I don't feel well.
15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don't know 我不知道
17。 stressed out 筋疲力
18. I am tired 我累了 He is tired。 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20。 traditional Chinese doctors传统中医
21. a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和
22。 you have too much yin.你阴气太盛
23。 to eat a balance diet饮食平衡
24。 healthy food 健康食品
25。 stay healthy 保持健康
=keep healthy=keep in good health
= keep fit
26。 enjoy oneself （myself, yourself， herself， himself, themselves， ourselves, itself
反身代词） 玩得高兴，过得愉快
=have a good time = have a wonderful time
= have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词）喜欢某物，
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth
practice doing sth。练习做某事，
mind doing sth. 介意做某事，
finish doing sth.完成某事，
give up doing sth。放弃做某事,
can't help doing sth。忍不住做某事，
keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. （keep on doing sth。 / keep sb。 doing sth。 ）
be busy doing sth。 忙着做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
make a contribution to doing sth.为.。做贡献
go on doing sth。 继续做某事
forget doing sth.忘记做某事
remember doing sth。 记得做某事
spend。.。.(in) doing sth。 花(时间)来做某事
prefer doing sth.to doing sth。比起(做.。。）来更愿意（做..。）
28. at the moment = now 此刻
29。 Host family 东道家庭
30. Conversation practice会话练习
31。 I’m sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过
Section A
知识要点
1。 What’s the matter？
这句话通常用于询问别人身体有什么不舒服，或有何麻烦，后跟with构成：What’s the matter with…？类似的句子还有：What’s wrong with…? What’s the trouble with…? 他们的答语往往是表示得了什么病,或什么地方不舒服，常用句型“somebody has/have a+相应的名词”。如:have a headache， have a toothache， have a sore throat， have a cold, have a sore back等。
典型例题1：
— ?
—I have a cold。
A。 What's the wrong？B。 What’s the matter with you? C. How are you?
解析:答语的意思是：我感冒了。所以问句应该是询问病情的， 故排除选项C。What’s wrong？是一个固定句型,不能加the, 所以只能选B.
2. should的运用
情态动词should,本单元表示“应该，应当”， 后加动词原形，可用于各种人称.他比must的语气要委婉，用来表示向对方提出建议或忠告， 或者表示某种义务或责任.其否定形式为shouldn't, 意思是“不应该，不应当"。
典型例题2：
He should （eat) more fruit every day.
解析：由于should后面要跟动词原形，不受主语影响。所以答案为：eat。
Section B
知识要点
1. a few几个,一些 There are a few apples on the table。 有几个苹果在桌子上。
【区别】few/a few； little/ a little
1） Few和 a few都用来修饰可数名词;little和 a little都用来修饰不可数名词。
2） Few和little表示“很少",含有否定的意思.如：Few men can do this。 没有几个人能做这件事.There is little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了。
3) a few和 a little表示“有一点”或“有一些”，含有肯定的意思.如：I have a few good friends。 我有一些好朋友。Please give me a little water. 请给我一点水。
典型例题：
选用合适的词或短语填空。
A： few B： a few C: little D: a little
1. there is meat in the fridge。 I have to buy some。 2。 They spent hours doing the work。
解析：第一题中meat是不可数名词，故只能在little和 a little中选，由于后面提到“我得去买。”说明冰箱里几乎没有肉了。所以，选C。
第二道题中是可数名词，所以排除选项C和D.由于句子意思是说： 他们花了几个小时做作业。是肯定意思，故选B。
2. 【区别】too much，much too和too many
1）too much和too many意思都为“太多的”。
2）too much修饰不可数名词，而too many修饰可数名词复数。
3) much too为副词，表示“非常地：及其”。
典型例题：
选用合适的短语填空。
A．too much B。 too many C. much too
1.There are books on the desk。
2。That's interesting，
解析：第一题中books是可数名词，句子意思是：有太多的书在桌子上。只有too many修饰可数名词，故选B。 第二题要表达:那太有趣了。Interesting是形容词,所以答案选C.
随堂达标
一、单项选择
1. It’s important to eat a ________ diet。
A. balanced B。 balance C。 balancing D. balances
2。 My mother is busy。 She has housework to do.
A．too much B. too many C. much too D. many too
3. You should not eat ________ 24 hours。
A. something in B. nothing for C。 anything for D. everything at
4。 —My mother is ill.
-________
A。 Don’t worry。 B. No hurry. C. I’m sorry to hear that。 D。 OK。
5. -I feel stressed out. I have so much work to do every day.
—You’d better not work too hard。 It’s good for you to take some ________, I think。
A。 health B。 exercise C。 lesson D。 work
二、用单词的适当形式填空。
1. Do you have water? I’m ____________ (thirst)。
2。 He can’t sleep （入睡）。 He gets too ____________ out. （stress)
3. ____________ Chinese doctors think it’s important to keep the balance of yin and yang。 (tradition）
4. England is a ____________ country. （west）
5。 He ____________ tired after a long walk yesterday。 （get）
6. It's ____________ learn English well。 （importance）
三、完成句子。
1。 我们需要一个阴阳平衡。
We need ____________ ____________ ____________ yin and yang。
2. 或许你体内的“阴”太多。
____________ You have ____________ ____________ yin.
3。 吃党参和黄苓对这种情况有好处。
____________ Dangshen and Huangqi is ____________ ____________ this.
4. 饮食平衡很重要.
____________ ____________ to eat a balanced diet.
5. 我认为我的普通话没有提高。
I ____________ think my Putonghua ____________ ____________.
6。 听到你不舒服我很难过.
I'm ____________ ____________ ____________ that you’re not feeling well。
四、短文填空。
Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance o__________（1) yin and yang to be h__________（2)。 Are you often quiet and often t__________（3)？ Maybe you have too m__________(4) yin. You s__________（5） eat hot yang foods。 E__________(6) Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is g__________(7) for this。 But people who are too s__________（8） out may have too much yang。 It’s easy to have a h__________（9) lifestyle。 It's i__________(10) to eat a balanced diet.
五、语法练习
1。 This kind of cake looks and smells 。
A。 good, well B. well, good C。 good， good D。 well， well
2. I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because something is wrong with his .
A. eyes B。 legs C。 mouth D。 ears
3。 Chinese doctors believe that they should eat more foods tofu。
A。 for B。 like C。 as D. and
4.You shouldn’t drink water before sleep.
A. too much B。 much too C. too many D。 too less
5。 important to exercise every day。
A。 It’s B。 That’s C. They're D. This is
6。 There is nothing for dinner， so I have to buy things at the supermarket.
A。 few B。 a few C. little D. a little
六、中考链接
1. —Who is the girl standing over there?
—Well， if you know， her name is Joe。 （2006年，兰州）
A. must B。 may C。 can D。 shall
2。 He the radio every morning. （2006年，山西）
A. listens to B。 listens C。 hears D. hears of
3. The now is that we have lots of to ask. (2006年,天津)
A. question; problem B. question; problems C. problem; questions D. problem; question
4. He speaks very good English but he knows English people. (2005年，北京）
A。 few B。 little C. a few D。 a little
5。 Mrs Jenny gave us on how to learn English well。 （2004年，天津)
A. some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice
6. -Why don't you go to the shop on foot？
—It takes me time. （2006年，新疆)
A. much too B. too much C。 very much D. too many
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
词组
1。 babysit one's sister 照顾妹妹
2. visit one’s grandmother 看望奶奶
3. spend time with friends 和朋友们一起度过时光
4. visit cousins 看望表弟等
5。 go to sports camp 去运动野营
6。 o to the beach 去海滩
7. go camping 去野营
8。 Go shopping 去买东西
9. go swimming 去游泳
10。 go boating去划船
11。 go skating 去溜冰
12。 go walking去散步
13. go climbing 去登山
14. go dancing去跳舞
15. go hiking 去徒步远足
16。 go sightseeing 去观光
17。 go house-hunting 去找房子
18。 o on a hike 徒步旅行，
go bike riding 骑自行车旅行，
go fishing 去钓鱼
19. do some shopping 买东西
20. do some washing 洗衣服
21。 do some cooking 作饭
22. do some reading 读书
23. do some speaking训练口语
24。 do some sewing 做缝纫活
25。 that sounds nice 那好极了
26。 at home 在家
27. how about=what about ……怎么样？
28。 how long 多长时间
29. how far 多远
30。 how often 多长时间一次
31. how much, how many 多少
32. have a good time
=have fun= have a wonderful time
= enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
33。 show sb. Sth。=show sth。 to sb.出示某物给某人看
give me the book=give the book to me 给我书，
pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我，
sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我
buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书,
make me a cake = make a cake for me给我做蛋糕
34。 get back=come back回来
35。 rent videos租借影碟
36。 take walks=go for a walk散步
37. think about 考虑
38. decide on= decide upon决定一个计划
39。 something different 不同的事情
40．a great vacation 一个愉快的假期
41。 I can’t wait 我等不及了
42. the famous movie star 著名的影星
43。 an exciting vacation 激动人心的假期
44. Ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划
ask sb。 about sth。向某人询问某事
45. forget to do sth。 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
Section A
知识要点
1。【区别】How long和when
（1)how long意思是“多久,多长"， 这个疑问词组是询问某个动作或状态持续了多久,在这种情况下，与之连用的动词应该是延续性动词，回答一般用for＋表示时间段的词组.
（2）when意思是“什么时候,何时"，引导的是特殊疑问句， when可指比较泛的时间， 也可指比较具体的时刻。
典型例题：
① — did he stay here? —For two days。。
② — are you coming to see me? Tomorrow.
解析:①中答语是段时间，故问句应该用how long. 由于②中的答