熟记100个句子、掌握7000单词教学内容.doc

熟记100个句子、掌握7000单词

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1.
Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn.
dwellers ['dwelə] n.居民，居住者
continent ['kɔntinənt] n.大陆，洲，陆地
antelope ['æntiləup] n.羚羊；羚羊皮革
pronghorn ['prɔŋhɔ:n, 'prɔ:ŋ-] n.叉角羚；糜鹿
美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。
2.
Of the millions who saw Haley’s comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century?
comet ['kɔmit] n.彗星
1986年看见哈雷慧星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？
3.
Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions.
reflect [ri'flekt] vt.反映；反省
人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。
4.
Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued.
irritating ['iriteitiŋ] adj.刺激的；气人的；使愤怒的
phenol ['fi:nɔl, fi'n-] n.[化]石碳酸，苯酚
discontinue [,diskən'tinju:] vt.停止；使中止vi.停止，中断
由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。
5.
In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable.
in the long run adv.最后
consumers[kən'sju:mə]n.消费者；用户，顾客
desirable [di'zaiərəbl] adj.令人满意的；值得要的
任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
6.
The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
locality [ləu'kæləti] n.所在；位置；地点
disposal [dis'pəuzəl] n.处理；支配；清理；安排
refuse [ri'fju:z, ri:-] n.垃圾；废物v.拒绝；抵制
一个地方的人口越多，其对水，交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
7.
It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effectively than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.
flowery ['flauəri] adj.花的；华丽的；绚丽的；多花的
vague [veiɡ] adj.模糊的；含糊的；不明确的；暧昧的
obscure [əb'skjuə, ɔb-] vt.遮掩；使变暗；使难理解adj.模糊的；晦涩的；昏暗的
简明，直接，有力的写作难于花哨，含混而意义模糊的表达。

8.
With modern offices becoming more mechanized, designers are attempting to personalize them with warmer, less severe interiors.
mechanize ['mekənaiz] vt.使机械化；用机械装置
personalize ['pə:sənəlaiz] vt.使个性化；把…拟人化
interior [in'tiəriə] n.内部；本质 adj.内部的；国内的；本质的
随着现代办公室的日益自动化，设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。
9.
The difference between libel and slander is that libel is printed while slander is spoken.
libel n.以文字损害名誉v.诽谤,中伤,诬蔑
slander 'slɑ:ndə, 'slæn-] vt.诽谤；造谣中伤n.诽谤
诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的，而后者是口头的。
10.
The knee is the joints where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.
knee [ni:]n.膝盖，膝vt.用膝盖碰
joint [dʒɔint] n.关节；接缝；接合处，接合点；（牛，羊等的腿）大块肉adj.共同的；连接的；联合的，合办的vt.连接，贴合；接合；使有接头
thigh [θai] n.大腿，股
膝盖是大腿骨和小腿胫的连接处。
11.
Acids are chemical compounds that, in water solution, have a sharp taste, a corrosive action on metals, and the ability to turn certain blue vegetable dyes red.
compound ['kɔmpaund, kəm'paund] vt. /vi.合成；混合；和解；妥协；搀合n.化合物；混合物adj.复合的；混合的
solution [sə'lju:ʃən] n.解决方案；溶液；溶解；解答
corrosive [kə'rəusiv] adj.腐蚀的；侵蚀性的n.腐蚀物
酸是一种化合物，它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性，并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。
12.
Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.
depth [depθ] n.深度；深奥
rest on the oars停止工作
Billie Holiday作为一个爵士布鲁斯乐杰出歌手的名声建立在能够赋予歌曲感情深度的能力。
13.
Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.
conceive [kən'si:v] vt.怀孕；构思；以为；持有
vi.怀孕；设想；考虑
理论在本质上是对认识了的现实的一种抽象和符号化的表达。
14.
Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial expressions and by making noises.
facial cleanser 洗面奶; 洗面乳; 爽肤水
facial spasm 面肌痉挛
facial recognition人脸识别
儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前，很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
15.
Thanks to modern irrigation, crops now grow abundantly in areas where once nothing but cacti and sagebrush could live.
irrigation [,iri'ɡeiʃən] n.灌溉；冲洗；[医]冲洗法
abundant [ə'bʌndənt] adj.丰富的；充裕的；盛产
cacti ['kæktai] n.[植]仙人掌（cactus的复数形式）
sagebrush ['seidʒbrʌʃ] n.蒿属植物（产于美国西部）
受当代灌溉(技术设施)之赐，农作物在原来只有仙人掌和荞属科植物才能生存的地方旺盛的生长。
16.
The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for more accurate sundials with which to regulate them.
timepiece ['taimpi:s] n.钟等各种计时器
sundial ['sʌndaiəl] n.日晷，日规；[植]羽扇豆（产于美国东部）
机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。
17.
Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.
rigorous ['riɡərəs] adj.严格的；严厉的；严密的；严酷的
document ['dɔkjumənt, 'dɔkjument] n.公文, 文件, 文档, 档案, 文献v.证明
check [tʃek] vi.核对无误；将军（象棋）；vt.检查；制止；寄存n.支票；阻止；阻止物
人类学是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。
18.
Fungi are important in the process of decay, which returns ingredients to the soil, enhances soil fertility, and decomposes animal debris.
fungi ['fʌŋɡai] n.真菌；菌类；蘑菇（fungus的复数）
ingredient [in'ɡri:diənt]
decompose [,di:kəm'pəuz] v.分解；腐烂
debris ['deibri:] n.碎片, 残骸
真菌在腐化过程中十分重要，而腐化过程将化学物质回馈于土壤，提高其肥力，并分解动物粪便。
19.
When it is struck, a tuning fork produces an almost pure tone, retaining its pitch over a long period of time.
tune [tju:n, tu:n] n.曲调；和谐；心情vt.调整；使一致；为…调音vi.调谐；协调
pitch [pitʃ] vi.倾斜；投掷；搭帐篷；坠落vt.投；掷；定位于；用沥青涂；扎营；向前倾跌n.沥青；音高；程度；树脂；倾斜；投掷
音叉被敲击时，产生几乎纯质的音调，其音量经久不衰。
20.
Although pecans are most plentiful in the southeastern part of the United States, they are found as far north as Ohio and Illinois.
pecan [pi'kæn] n.美洲山核桃；美洲山核桃树
Ohio n.俄亥俄州(美国州名)
Illinois n.伊利诺斯州(美国州名)
虽然美洲山河桃树最集中于美国的东南部但是在北至俄亥俄州及伊利诺州也能看见它们。
21.
Eliminating problems by transferring the blame to others is often called scape-goating.
transfer [træns'fə:] n.转让；转移；传递；过户vi.转让；转移；转学；换车vt.转让；使转移；传递；调任
scapegoat ['skeipɡəut] n.替罪羊
用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。
22.
The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on what grows best in its climate and soil.
climate ['klaimit] n.气候, 风土, 思潮
一个国家的主要食物是什么，大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。
23.
Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event’s occurring is equal to the probability that it will not occur.
trial ['traiəl] n.试验；审讯；努力；磨炼adj.试验的；审讯的
在大量的实验中，某一事件发生的几率等于它不发生的几率。
24.
Most substance contract when they freeze so that the density of a substance’s solid is higher than the density of its liquid.
substance ['sʌbstəns] n.物质；实质；资产；主旨
contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt] vi.收缩；感染；订约vt.感染；订约；使缩短n.合同；婚约
density ['densəti] n.密度
大多数物质遇冷收缩，所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。
25.
The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is not clearly understood.
mechanism ['mekənizəm] n.机制；原理，途径；进程；机械装置；技巧
大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。
26.
By the middle of the twentieth century, painters and sculptors in the United States had begun to exert a great worldwide influence over art.
sculptor [skʌlptə] n.雕刻家
exert [iɡ'zə:t] vt.运用，发挥；施以影响
到了二十一世纪中叶，美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。
27.
In the eastern part of New Jersey lies the city of Elizabeth, a major shipping and manufacturing center.

伊丽莎白市，一个重要的航运和制造业中心，坐落于新泽西州的东部。
28.
Elizabeth Blackwell, the first woman medical doctor in the United States, founded the New York Infirmary, an institution that has always had a completely female medical staff.
infirmary [in'fə:məri] n. 医务室；医院；养老院
staff [stɑ:f, stæf] n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑adj. 职员的；行政工作的
Elizabeth Blackwell，美国第一个女医生，创建了员工一直为女性的纽约诊所。
29.
Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf than as the inventor of the telephone.
deaf [def] adj. 聋的
inventor [in'ventə] n. 发明家；发明人；创造者
Alexander Graham Bell曾告诉家人，他更愿意让后人记住他是聋子的老师，而非电话的发明者。
30.
Because its leaves remain green long after being picked, rosemary became associated with the idea of remembrance.
remembrance [ri'membrəns] n. 回想，回忆；纪念品；记忆力
associate with与……联系
采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰，因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。
31.
Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand considerable impact.
rigid ['ridʒid] adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的
exhibit [iɡ'zibit] vt. 展览；显示；提出（证据等）n. 展览品；证据；展示会vi. 展出；开展览会
elasticity [,elæs'tisəti] n. 弹性；弹力；灵活性
skeleton ['skelitən] n. 骨架，骨骼；纲要；骨瘦如柴的人adj. 骨骼的；骨瘦如柴的；概略的
骨头看起来是脆硬的，但它也有一定的弹性，使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。
32.
That xenon could not FORM chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.
xenon ['zenɔn, 'zi:-] n. [化]氙（稀有气体元素）
compound ['kɔmpaund, kəm'paund] vt. /vi. 合成；混合；和解妥协；搀合n. 化合物；混合物；复合词adj. 复合的；混合的
科学家曾相信：氙气是不能形成化合物的。
33.
Research into the dynamics of storms is directed toward improving the ability to predict these events and thus to minimize damage and avoid loss of life.
dynamic [dai'næmik] adj. 动态的；动力的；动力学的；有活力的n. 动态；动力
minimize ['minimaiz] vt. 使减到最少；小看，极度轻视vi. 最小化
loss [lɔs, lɔ:s] n. 减少；亏损；失败；遗失
对风暴动力学的研究是为了提高风暴预测从而减少损失，避免人员伤亡。
34.
The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have the same value as the amount of money borrowed.
elimination [i,limi'neiʃən] n. 消除；淘汰；除去
loan [ləun] n. 贷款；借款vi. 借出
vt. 借；借给
消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。
35.
Futurism, an early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.
futurism ['fju:tʃərizəm] n. 未来主义；未来派
reject [ri'dʒekt] vt. 拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃n. 被弃之物或人；次品
glorify ['ɡlɔ:rifai] vt. 赞美；美化；崇拜（神）；使更壮丽
contemporary [kən'tempərəri] n. 同时代的人；同时期的东西adj. 当代的；同时代的；属于同一时期的
未来主义，二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统，试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。
36.
One of the wildest and most inaccessible parts of the United States is the Everglades where wildlife is abundant and largely protected.
inaccessible [,inæk'sesəbl] adj. 难达到的；难接近的；难见到的
abundant [ə'bʌndənt] adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产
Everglades是美国境内最为荒凉和人迹罕至的地区之一，此处有大量的野生动植物而且大多受(法律)保护。
37.
Lucretia Mott’s influence was so significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United States.
significant [sig'nifikənt] adj. 重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的n. 象征；有意义的事物
feminism ['feminizəm] n. 女权主义；女权运动；男女平等主义
as the originator of为……创始人
Lucretia Mott’s的影响巨大，所以一些权威部门认定她为美国女权运动的创始人。
38.
The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than those of the domestic marketer.
frequently ['fri:kwəntli] adv. 频繁地，经常地；时常，屡次
the domestic markete国内市场
国际市场研究者的活动范围常常较国内市场研究者广阔。
39.
The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from those flowing into the Pacific.
continental [,kɔnti'nentəl adj. 大陆的；大陆性的 n. 欧洲人
imaginary [i'mædʒinəri] adj. 虚构的，假想的；想像的；虚数的
大陆分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线，该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。
40.
Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate that its crust and mantle yield when unusual weight is placed on them.
gravity ['ɡræviti] n. 重力，地心引力；严重性；庄严
crust [krʌst] n. 外壳；面包皮；坚硬外皮vi. 结硬皮；结成外壳vt. 盖以硬皮；在…上结硬皮
yield [ji:ld] vt. 屈服；出产；放弃vi. 屈服，投降n. 产量；收益
对地球引力的研究表明，在不寻常的负荷之下地壳和地幔会发生位移。
41.
The annual worth of Utah’s manufacturing is greater than that of its mining and farming combined.
annual ['ænjuəl adj. 年度的；每年的n. 年刊，年鉴；一年生植物
mining ['mainiŋ] n. 矿业；采矿
尤它州制造业的年产值大于其工业和农业的总和。
42.
The wallflower is so called because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.
stem [stem] n. 干；茎；船首；血统
vt. 阻止；除去…的茎；给…装柄
vi. 阻止；起源于某事物；逆行
stony ['stəuni] adj. 无情的；多石的；石头的
so called之所以叫
cliff [klif] n. 悬崖；绝壁
墙花之所以叫墙花，是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长，以便有所依附。
43.
It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that is the main focus of social psychology.
interaction [,intər'ækʃən] n. 相互作用；交互作用
psychology [psai'kɔlədʒi] n. 心理学；心理状态
rather than而不是
社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往，而不是他们各自生活中的事件。
44.
No social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams’ enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the United States.
crusade [kru:'seid]n. 改革运动；十字军东侵vi. 加入十字军；从事改革运动
expansion [ik'spænʃən] n. 膨胀；阐述；扩张物
facility [fə'siliti] n. 设施；设备；容易；灵巧
给美国的新移民增加教育设施比任何社会运动都更多的激发了Elizabeth Williams的热情。
45.
Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable them to spring into full flight instantly when disturbed in their hiding places.
disturb [dis'tə:b] vt. 打扰；妨碍；使不安；弄乱；使恼怒vi. 打扰；妨碍
spring [spriŋ] n. 春天；弹簧；泉水；活力；跳跃adj. 春天的vi. 生长；涌出；跃出；裂开vt. 使跳起；使爆炸；突然提出；使弹开
flight [flait] n. 飞行；班机；逃走vt. 射击；使惊飞vi. 迁徙
典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀，凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起，飞离它们的躲藏地。
46.
According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees facially, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.
anthropologist [,ænθrə'pɔlədʒist] n. 人类学家；人类学者
upright ['ʌprait, ,ʌp'r-] adj. 正直的，诚实的；垂直的，直立的；笔直的；合乎正道的n. 垂直；竖立
slope [sləup] n. 斜坡；倾斜；斜率；扛枪姿势vi. 倾斜；逃走vt. 倾斜；使倾斜；扛
protrude [prəu'tru:d] vt. 使突出，使伸出vi. 突出，伸出
chimpanzee [,tʃimpən'zi:] n. [动]黑猩猩
根据人类学家的说法，直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似，额头后倾，眉毛突出。
47.
Not until 1866 was the fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.
transatlantic [,trænzət'læntik, ,træns-, ,trɑ:n-]adj. 大西洋彼岸的，横渡大西洋的；美国的
not until直到
cable ['keibl] n. 电缆；海底电报vt. 打电报vi. 打海底电报
直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。
48.
In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what he considers the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.
barrenness n. 不孕症；不育症；荒芜
spiritual barrenness精神贫困
John Crowe Ransom在他的著作中描述了他认为是由科学技术给社会带来的精神贫困。
49.
Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.
consistent [kən'sistənt]adj. 始终如一的，一致的；坚持的
rational ['ræʃənəl] adj. 合理的；理性的n. 有理数
incline [in'klain] vi. 倾斜；倾向；易于vt. 使倾斜；使倾向于n. 倾斜；斜面；斜坡
父母的教导如果坚定，始终如一和理性，孩子就有可能充满自信。
50.
The ancient Hopewell people of North America probably cultivated corn and other crops, but hunting and gathering were still of critical importance in their economy.
cultivate ['kʌltiveit] vt. 培养；陶冶；耕作
critical ['kritikəl] adj. 鉴定的；临界的；批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的；决定性的；评论的
北美远古的Hopewell人很可能种植了玉米和其他农作物，但打猎和采集对他们的经济贸易仍是至关重要的。
51.
Using many symbols makes it possible to put a large amount of information on a single map.
a large amount of大量的
symbol ['simbəl] n. 象征；符号；标志
使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息。
52.
Anarchism is a term describing a cluster of doctrines and attitudes whose principal uniting feature is the belief that government is both harmful and unnecessary.
cluster ['klʌstə] n. 群；簇；丛；串vi. 群聚；丛生vt. 使聚集；聚集在某人的周围
doctrine ['dɔktrin] n. 主义；学说；教义；信条
principal ['prinsəpəl] n. 校长；委托人，当事人；资本；主犯adj. 首要的；最重要的
无政府主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度，它们的主要共同点在于相信政府是有害的，没有必要的。
53.
Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the Untied States than did Henry Ford a pioneer in automobile production.
have effect on对……影响
pioneer [,paiə'niə] n. 先锋；拓荒者
vt. 开辟；倡导；提倡vi. 作先驱
恐怕没有谁对大多数美国人的日常生活影响能超过汽车生产的先驱亨利.福特。
54.
The use of well-chosen nonsense words makes possible the testing of many basic hypotheses in the field of language learning.
nonsense ['nɔnsəns] n. 胡说；废话adj. 荒谬的int. 胡说！
hypotheses [hai'pɔθisi:zn. 假定；臆测（hypothesis的复数）
使用精心挑选的无意义词汇，可以检验语言学科里许多基本的假定。
55.
The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began with the very first pictures ever made.
fascinating ['fæsineitiŋ] adj. 迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂颠倒的v. 使…着迷；使…陶醉（fascinate的ing形式）
chain [tʃein] n. 链；束缚；枷锁
vt. 束缚；囚禁；用铁练锁住
优化历史是由一连串的迷人事件组成，其源头大概可以上溯到最早的图画。
56.
Perfectly matched pearls, s