疑问词+动词不定式复习过程.doc

疑问词+动词不定式

精品文档
"疑问词＋不定式"的用法
1. 作主语 作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
例如：Where to go tomorrow has not been decided. 明天到什么地方去尚未决定。
How to divide labor among the workers is still a question. 这些工人之间如何分工仍是个问题。
2. 作动词宾语 能够接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语的动词常用的有advise, ask, consider, decide, discuss, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, show, teach, tell, wonder等。
例如：He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. 他得学会收集淡水、寻找食物，生火什么的。
You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim, and you should always wear a life jacket. 如果不会游泳，就不要去做木筏漂流。漂流必须始终穿上救生衣。
3. 作双重宾语 某些动词后面可接"sb.＋疑问词＋不定式"构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise, ask, show, teach, tell等。
例如：He will advise you what to do. 他会建议你们做什么。
Will you show me how to use this machine? 你能示范教我如何使用这部机器吗？
4. 作介词宾语 某些介词后面可接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有 about, as, from, in, of, on, with等。
例如：You also need to learn the basic skills of rafting, such as how to handle the raft, how to paddle and how to get in and out of the raft. 你还需要学习基本划木筏的技巧，比如驾驭木筏的方法，划桨方法，上下木筏的方法。
He has no idea of how to answer this question. 他不知道怎样回答这个问题。
5. 作表语
Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how to survive without friends. 也许最难熬的挑战，就是生活中孤独无友。
The question is which to choose. 问题是挑选哪一个。

考点例析1. There isn't any difference between the two. I really don't know ________.
A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 考点："疑问词＋不定式"的语序；疑问词的选用。简析："疑问词＋不定式"的语序是疑问词在前，不定式在后，故可排除C, D 两个选项。where和which 后面均可接动词不定式结构，但用法不同：where 表示地点，在不定式结构中作地点状语；which 指"哪一个；哪一些"，在不定式结构中既可作宾语，也可放在名词前面作定语。就该题而言，及物动词choose缺少宾语，故选B项，其中的which作choose的宾语。
2. I've worked with children before, so I know what ________ in my new job.
A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. Expects 考点：疑问词后接动词的用法。简析：疑问词后接动词时，该动词常用不定式结构，且这种由"疑问词＋不定式"构成的短语常用一般式和主动语态，故选B。
注意：
1、并非所有动词都适用于“疑问词+不定式”结构，主要有：“know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, forget, learn, remember, wonder, understand”等。
2、当这个结构作宾语时，它的作用相当于名词性从句。
如： ● I could not decide which dictionary to buy. / I could not decide which dictionary I should buy.
● Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher./ Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.
3、有些动词，如“ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach”等，可以先有个宾语，然后再接适当的“疑问词+不定式” 结构。
如： ● The chief technician showed the apprentice how to repair the machine.
● Have you told him where to get the application form?
收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除