岩巷过断层带超前支护技术实践教学内容.doc

岩巷过断层带超前支护技术实践精品文档岩巷过断层带超前支护技术实践摘要 鹤壁四矿岩巷掘进过断层带采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护，有效地防止了巷道顶板冒落，成功地通过了多个地质构造带，提高了掘进单进，确保了安全快速施工，缓解了开拓岩巷接替紧张的被动局面，总结了开拓巷道通过断层带的成功经验。关键词 岩巷 断层带 管缝式锚杆 超前支护 鹤壁四矿位于鹤壁煤田北部，现矿井生产能力160万t，为鹤煤集团主力生产矿井之一。目前主采二水平山西组二1煤层，厚度8.0m，倾角045，可采性指数Km=1，煤层结构简单，属稳定特厚煤层。现已进入三水平延深，开拓工程量较大。四矿井田地质构造复杂，为a型。井田内部高角度正断层发育，中小型宽缓褶皱较多，陷落柱发育。开拓巷道掘进过程中，经常会遇到地质构造带，给巷道施工带来极大困难。2003年3月，四矿在施工贾吕寨风井总回风巷中段时，遇到红5断层带，落差94m，分四次完成，依次过落差为43m、15m、6m、30m的断层，掘进36m过完。揭露岩性为黑色泥岩，层面含大量植物茎部化石及白云母碎片，随采随落，厚0.3m0.5m；黑色及深灰色砂质泥岩或泥岩，厚2.8m，普氏系数F=6.37；黑色砂质泥岩，厚2.8m。贾吕寨新风井总回风巷掘进过红5断层带采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护，效果良好。1超前支护技术1.1超前支护材料及机具巷道超前支护采用的管缝式锚杆由2.5m厚的钢板卷制而成，长度1.8m，外直径32mm，缝宽12mm。使用YT-24型气褪式凿岩机打锚杆眼，配一字形32mm钻头。锚杆安装施工采用自制的专用锚杆推进器（用短钎杆制做，一头是标准钎尾，安装在气褪式凿岩机机头卡套上。短钎杆上套1个用15mm厚的钢板制作的圆形顶盘，直径80mm）。1.2超前支护机理及参数每次掘进前，在工作面拱形支架联梁上方紧贴棚梁向工作面斜上方打超前支护锚杆眼，眼深不小于锚杆长度，打好一个眼后，及时安装1根锚杆。锚杆仰角为2030，间距0.3m0.4m，按中线对称布置。锚杆超前控顶长度至少大于每个循环掘进长度0.3m以上，超前控顶宽度至少大于巷道宽度2/3以上。工作面爆破后，由于管缝式锚杆仍然有一部分锚固在原岩里，锚杆尾部紧贴棚梁并被棚梁拖住，使得锚杆起到能锚固围岩、控制顶部岩层的作用。采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护，由于锚杆超前控顶大于每个循环掘进长度，爆破后，锚杆顶部仍然有一部分锚固在岩层里，使得锚杆不能转动，并具有一定的锚固力；同时锚杆尾部又被棚梁紧紧拖住，使得每根锚杆都能起到护顶作用，保证了顶部岩层稳定。1.3施工工艺巷道掘进采用耙斗式装岩机出矸，每班架2棚(棚距500mm，进尺1m。金属拱形支架采用U25型钢制作，梁与腿搭接0.4m，搭接处上2根铁拉杆。为保证支架的整体性，支架间不少于3根铁拉杆（正顶布置1根）。支架背后挂金属大眼网。施工顺序如下：开工前检查工作面安全情况（工作面敲帮问顶）延长中腰线布置超前支护锚杆眼、工作面炮眼打超前支护锚杆眼，安装锚杆打工作面上半部炮眼装岩出矸打工作面下部炮眼装药、联线、放炮出矸挖棚腿柱窝架设支架背帮背顶2采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护的优越性2.1具有很强的可操作性由于顶板岩石强度较大，采用撞锲法很难打入，经实践证明，采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护操作容易，锚杆方向和角度也很容易掌握，而且施工速度快。2.2劳动强度低打锚杆眼使用YT-24型风钻，安装锚杆使用自制专用推进器，与传统撞锲法相比，大大减少了劳动强度。2.3施工速度快、节省材料费未采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护前，顶板冒落很难控制，冒落顶板空间用大量木料充填，每米巷道消耗木料1.5m之多，木料费用达1100元，增加了巷道成本，而且劳动效率低。采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护，不再需要大量的木料充填冒落顶板空间，每掘进1m巷道仅需810根锚杆，每根锚杆12.6元，每米巷道节省材料费用约1000元。这种超前支护技术大大提高施工进度，并保证了施工安全。2.4巷道整体性好采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护，能最大限度地保持了围岩的完整性，拱形支架顶部基本为实体，提高了巷道永久抗压能力，同时也减少了巷道后期维修。3施工注意事项（1）采用管缝式锚杆做超前支护，必须根据施工现场实际情况，合理确定支护参数，保证爆破后锚杆的顶部在岩层里!#以上。（2）锚杆布置必须均匀，角度偏差不宜过大。（3）锚杆孔直径不宜过大，应使用磨旧的钻头钻孔，以保证锚杆的锚固力。（4）安装锚杆应使用专用推进器，不能用大锤人力打入，以免把锚杆打弯，半途而废。（5）掘进爆破后，要及时架设拱形支架，以缩短围岩暴露时间，防止锚杆下面围岩脱落过多。结论在施工贾吕寨风井总回风巷中段成功地使用管缝式锚杆做超前支护后，我们又在二五采区专用回风巷、三水平皮带暗斜井过断层带施工中应用了这项技术，均取得成功。这种超前支护技术，具有可操作性、安全性、效率高等优点，值得推广应用。Rock with through fault advance support technology practiceAbstract ：Hebi four ore rock heading through fault belt adopts tube seam type anchor do advance support, effectively preventing the risk of roof falls, succeeded in passing the multiple geological tectonic belt and improve the tunneling single into and ensure the safety fast construction, alleviated the pioneering rock replace nervous negative situation, summarizes the development roadway the successful experience of the fault zone.Key words: rock Fault belt Tube seam type ancho Advanced supportingHebi coal mine is located in hebi four northern, now mine production capacity to 1.6 million t, for crane one of main production mine coal group. At present main adopt two levels of shanxi formation. 2:1 coal seam, thickness 8.0 m, to 45 obliquity 0, recoverable sex index Km = 1, coal seam of simple structure, stable, thick coal seam. Now in three levels of extending the deep in large quantities, exploit. Four mine field complex geological structure, for type a. Internal high Angle is compartmentalized, faults development of small and medium-sized wide slow drape more, collapse column development. Pioneering roadway excavation process, often encounter geological tectonic belt, to bring great difficulties roadway construction.In march, 2003, four ore in construction jia lu village HangZhong wind Wells total return segment, the encounter red five fault belt, divide 94m, points in four times, had completed 43m, 15m, for the fall of 6m, as 36m tunneling of faults, the finish. For black mudstone expose lithology contains many plants, level stalk of fossil and white mica pieces, with thick, with mining fell 0.3 m 0.5 m; Black and dark grey sandy shale or mudstone, thick 2.8 m, pull coefficient F = 6.37; Black sandy shale, thick 2.8 m. Jia lu doas total return air lane village Wells have red five fault belt tunneling by tube seam type anchor do support, good effect. Advance1 advanced support technologySupporting materials and machines to 1.1 aheadAdvance the tube roadway supporting seam type by 2.5 m thick bolt a steel plate, length, diameter of 1.8 m 32mm, seam width outside 12mm. Use YT - 24 type gas faded type drilled eye, match play anchor 32mm drill bit. One glyph phi Anchor installment construction self-made specialized anchor thrusters (with a short drill rod makes, one is standard qian tail, installed in gas faded type drilled. Short of nose card with a bait drill rod 15mm thick plate making, in particular of the circular 80mm) in diameter.Supporting mechanism and parameters of 1.2 aheadEvery time before heading in al beam vaulted stents mining clingy tent to face above beam above play advance inclined eye, eye deep supporting anchor bolt length, not less than playing well in time after one eye install one anchor. Anchor for 20 30 of elevation , span 0.3 m 0.4 m, press the midline symmetrical layout. Anchor advanced control at least more than each cycle top length, length of tunneling of 0.3 m above minimum width than advance accused of top roadway width 2/3 above. After blasting, due to pipe mining still some seam type anchor in anchorage in the original rock, anchor tail and tent clingy tent beam stall, make anchor beam can anchor rock, played the role of top rock strata control.Adopt tube seam type anchor do advance, because anchor supporting more than each cycle control top advance excavation blasting, anchor length, there are still part of the top layers, make anchoring bolt cannot turn, and has certain anchorage force; Meanwhile anchor tail was tent beams tightly to make each stall, all can have roots anchor role, the overhead guardsCard top rock steady.130 construction craftBy roadway excavation harrow dou type pack rock machine the gangue production, every frame 2 tent (tent 500mm, footage from the 1-m. Metal vaulted stents U25 payments production, liang by 0.4 m lap with legs, put on 2 root iron rod holds. To ensure the integrity of the stent stent between, not less than three root iron bars (are top layout 1 root). Bracket hanging metal wild-eyed nets behind.The construction sequence is as follows:Before the start of coal mining safety situation (check knock help asked top) - extend the middle line - arrangement eyes, face advance support bolt supporting anchor play advance - boreholes eye, installation bolt - playing on the working plane half a pack rock - boreholes gangue - play face lower borehole - charging, on-line, blowing out bottles - dig tent - leg column sockets - erectStents - back to help back crest2 adopts tube seam type anchor do the superiority of the advance support2.1 strong operabilityBecause, the roof rock intensity bigger hit hard by scoring, -200 method proves that by tube seam type anchor do advanced supporting easy operation, anchor direction and Angle also is easy to learn, and construction speed.2.2 low labor strengthPlay anchor eye use YT - 24 type pneumatic, installation bolt use homemade special thrusters, compared with traditional bump -200 method, greatly reduce the labor intensity.2.3 construction speed is quick, saving material costFail to adopt a tube seam type anchor do ahead before the roof supporting, difficult to control, risk at fell down with large timber roof space per meter filling, 1.5 m roadway consumption of wood, wood expenses amounted to $1,100, increased cost of labor efficiency and roadway low. Adopt tube seam type anchor do advance support, no longer need a lot of timber roof space, filling take down every roadway excavation 1-m only 8 10 root per root anchor bolt, mbm1260 yuan, every meters roadway save material costs about $1,000. This advanced support technology greatly improve the construction progress, and guarantees the construction safety.2.4 roadway integral sex is goodAdopt tube seam type anchor do advance support, can maximize the keep the integrity of the surrounding rock, vaulted stents for entities, improve the top basic grade compressive capacity, permanent also reduces the roadway late maintenance.3 construction precautions(1) using tube seam type anchor do advance support, must according to the construction site actual situation, reasonably determine the supporting parameters, guarantee the top after blasting anchor in rock! # # above.(2) anchor arrangement must be uniform, Angle deviation shoulds not be too big.Thank you for your order!oulds not be too big, should use of drilling borehole sharpening old, to ensure the anchorage force of anchor.(4) installation bolt should use appropriative thrusters, cannot use a sledgehammer, lest the anchor human into DaWan, halfway.(5) after blasting excavation shall be timely erect vaulted stents, to shorten exposure time, prevent anchor surrounding rock fall off too much below.conclusionIn construction jia lu wind Wells total return jingouzhai HangZhong successful use of tube seam type anchor do ahead after we were supporting, special return roadway mining 25:24 and three horizontal belt dark portal through fault belt application of the technology of construction, all succeed. This advanced support technology, operable, safety, higher efficiency popularization.收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除