【2022走向高考】高三英语一轮(外研版)复习：语法专项突破3.docx

其次部分语法专项突破(三)真题改编，语法填空1(2022山东6改编)Theres a note pinned to the door _(say) when the shop will open again.答案：saying句意：门上钉着一张纸条，上面写着商店再次营业的时间。非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的名词a note，且note与say之间为主动关系，故答案为saying。2(2022重庆5改编)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_(return) to our shop for quality problems.答案：returned句意：生产商定期来收集因质量问题退回到我们店的相机。cameras与return是被动关系，故应用returned。3(2022浙江14改编)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _(appoint) to guard her.答案：appointed句意：Amie Salmon身有残疾，在她的同学时代有一个指定的护士来照看她上学。依据句子结构可知，此处非谓语动词的规律主语是空格前面的名词a nurse，与appoint构成被动关系，所以应用appointed表示“被任命的”。4(2022北京28改编)There are still many problems _(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.答案：to be solved句意：在我们预备长时间停留在月球之前，照旧还有很多问题有待解决。依据后面的时间状语从句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可以推断出是表示将来要发生的事情。many problems与solve之间存在被动关系，结合句意可知应当是将要解决的问题，属于将来的动作；因此动词不定式的被动结构符合题意。5(2022福建27改编)_(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.答案：Having spent句意：在香港作为一名交换生度过了一年，琳达看上去比同龄人更加成熟。主语Linda与动词spend之间为主动关系，再结合句中the past year可知，此动作已经发生，故应用Having spent。6(2022陕西20改编)_(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.答案：To work out句意：为了解决那道数学难题，我询问了Russell教授多次。本句是不定式作目的状语。7(2022江西31改编)_ nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.答案：Having spent句意：我们几乎把全部的钱都用完了，没有钱住宾馆了。此处用现在分词完成形式haing done作状语，表示先于主句谓语动词的动作couldnt afford.而发生。8(2022湖南21改编)Children，when_(accompany)by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.答案：accompanied句意：孩子们在有父母伴随时可允许进入体育馆。依据children与accompany的规律关系及后面的by their parents可知，此处是指孩子被父母伴随，故答案为accompanied。9(2022四川7改编)I hope to take the computer course.Good idea._(find out) more about it, visit this website.答案：To find out句意：“我期望上电脑课。”“好方法。要想了解更多，请登录这个网站。”本句是不定式作目的状语。10(2022重庆11改编)Group activities will be organized after class _(help) children develop team spirit.答案：to help句意：课下组织群体活动是为了挂念同学培育团队精神。to help children develop team spirit在句中作目的状语。11(2022天津7改编)Clearly and thoughtfully _(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.答案：written句意：这本书脉络清楚，论述深刻，能够激发那些自主探究答案的同学的自信念。write与book之间为动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式，过去分词在句中作状语。12(2022安徽32改编)While waiting for the opportunity to get _(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.答案：promoted句意：亨利在等待被提拔的机会时尽力履行自己的职责。此处的Henry和promote是被动关系，get done是被动语态的另一种表达方式。13(2022四川5改编)The manager was satisfied to see many new products _(develop) after great effort.答案：developed句意：经理看到经过很大的努力之后生产出了这么多新产品德外满足。see sth. done表示“看到某物被”，句中many new products与develop之间为被动关系，故应用developed。14(2022北京25改编)Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV.答案：watching句意：昨晚有数百万的人观看了电视直播的开幕式。本句运用了There be结构，其中millions of people是句子的主语，后面的watch部分与主语存在主动关系，应当是作主语补足语，依据时间状语last night可知，应当是指昨晚发生的事情，应当用过去进行时，即Millions of people were watching the opening ceremony live on TV last night.，在转化成There be结构后，就变成了There were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV last night.，所以watching正确。15(2022陕西12改编)Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _(go) for a swim?答案：going句意：今日特殊的热。你想去游泳吗？feel like“宠爱；想”，后面接名词或动名词，表示将来的打算或想法。故用going。16(2022江西34改编)He is thought _(act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.答案：to have acted句意：人们认为他行为愚蠢。现在除了他自己没有人应当由于他失去工作负责。sb. is thought to have done sth.是It is thought that sb. have/has done sth.的变式。17(2022湖南23改编)_(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.答案：Understanding句意：明白自己的需要及沟通的风格与学会表达关爱和情感同等重要。依据句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词的主动形式作主语，understanding表示抽象概念，不表示先于谓语动词的动作发生，故不用完成式。18(2021湖南改编)_ warm at night, I would fill the wood stove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.(stay)答案：To stay考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了保暖，我把火炉添好柴，然后把闹钟调在半夜以便能再添柴。表目的时，非谓语用不定式形式。19(2021北京改编)Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own.(change)答案：to change本题考查非谓语动词。句意：志愿者工作给了你转变生活的机会，包括你自己的。a chance to do sth.“干某事的机会”，chance后接动词不定式作定语。20(2021山东改编)I stopped the car _take a short break as I was feeling tired.答案：to本题考查非谓语动词。句意：我停下车来休息了一下，由于我感到疲乏。动词不定式在此处作目的状语。21(2021四川改编)The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.(complete)答案：to be completed本题考查非谓语动词的用法。complete与airport之间为动宾关系而且依据next year可知动作尚未发生，故用不定式加被动语态。22(2021新课标全国改编)The sunlight is white and blinding, _ hardedged shadows on the ground.(throw)答案：throwing本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：阳光是无色且刺眼的，在地上洒下硬边的影子。sunlight 与throw之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作伴随状语。23(2021四川改编)_ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.(not know)答案：Not knowing本题考查非谓语动词的用法。本题中know与其规律主语之间的关系为主谓关系，not 否定分词时要放于其前面。24(2021山东改编)The room is empty except for a book shelf _ in one corner.(stand)答案：standing本题考查非谓语动词。句意：除了站立在一个角落的书架之外，这个屋子是空的。此处是非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰的词bookshelf之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。25(2021湖南改编)The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in golden light.(bath)答案：bathing考查现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：太阳升起来了，整个山沐浴在霞光里。“太阳升起时”，与bathe the mountain in golden light这一动作伴随发生，the sun与bathe之间为主动关系，且句子两部分之间没有连词，所填内容为非谓语，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。