2022届高考英语大一轮复习习题-专项9-情态动词和虚拟语气.docx

专项九　情态动词和虚拟语气

Ⅰ.语法填空(用适当的情态动词或所给动词的适当形式填空)
1．(2021·安庆模拟)—May I watch TV for another 15 minutes, Mum?
—Oh，dear，if you ________.
答案　must　[must 表示“偏要、硬要”做某事。]
2．(2021·嘉兴模拟)—If you listen to me，you ________ take a good rest at once.
—OK，I ________ do so.
答案　shall；will　[shall 用于其次、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人对对方的命令、警告、承诺或威逼等；will 表意愿。]
3．(2021·泉州模拟)—The task is challenging and demanding.Who do you think can make it?
— ________ my partner have a try? I think she is the right person to do it.
答案　Shall　[shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见。]
4．It is beyond my understanding that many adults
________be so crazy about Harry Potter.
答案　should　[句意：我不理解的是竟然有那么多成年人沉迷哈利·波特。should 表示“竟然”，符合句意。]
5．(2021·唐山模拟)I want to open the window，but it ________ open.
答案　won't　[句意：我想打开窗户，但老是打不开。will 表示习惯或反复发生的动作，意为“老是，总是”。]
6．Sorry，I'm late.I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
答案　might　[句意：对不起，我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉又回去睡觉了。might have done 可以做了某事。]
7．(2021·北京模拟)We ________ (face) the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me?
答案　could have faced　[句意：我们本可以一起面对困难，但是为什么你不告知我？依据 why didn't you tell me？中的过去式可知此处是对过去状况进行虚拟。could have done 本可以做，实际上却未做。]
8．(2022·山东临沂3月质检)Jack，look！Everybody is doing homework quietly.________ you make a noise in class?
答案　must　[句意：杰克，你看看！大家都在静静地做家庭作业。你非要在课堂上制造噪音吗？must偏要，非要，符合本题要求。]
9．(2022·山东试验中学四模)Luckily the man missed the high­speed train to Wenzhou，or he ________ have been killed in the accident.
答案　might　[句意：幸运的是，那个人错过了开往温州的高铁，否则他或许已在事故中丧生。依据语境可知此处是推想过去的可能性，但并没有把握，所以用might have done表示(过去)或许已经发生。]
10．(2022·陕西西安一中二模)The examination results suggested that I ________ (be) in poor health，so the doctor suggested that I ________ (take) much exercise to improve it.
答案　was；(should) take　[句意：体验结果表明我身体不健康，所以医生建议我参与体育熬炼去改善它。suggest作“表明，示意”时后接陈述语气，作“建议”时后接虚拟语气。]
11．(2022·天津六校三模)—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?
—The trees ________ (grow) well，but I didn't water them.
答案　would have grown　[句意：——我们上周种的小树怎么了？——(假如我浇水的话)那些树会长得很好，但是我没浇水。依据but后的分句可知空格处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，补全原句为：If I had watered them，the trees would have grown well，but I didn't water them.]
12．If human beings had been a bit less greedy and cruel，more animals ________ (avoid) dying out.
答案　might have avoided　[由于从句的所用时态可知该题为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。句意：……更多的动物或许会免于灭亡。]
13．(2022·江西南昌一模)Why ________ it get colder when we climb up a mountain？We are getting nearer to the sun!
答案　should　[句意：我们爬到山上后怎么会更冷呢？我们更靠近太阳啊！should与why，how等疑问词连用，表示拒绝、生气或惊异，又如：How should I know？我怎么知道呢？Why should he think that？他为什么那么想呢？]
14．—My brother is not good at speaking English.
—I suggest he ________ (practise) speaking English for two hours every day.
答案　(should) practise
15．If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ (be) there by now.
答案　would　[句意：假如不是你穿衣花了那么长的时间的话，我们现在就到那里了。从句用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，但主句与现在状况相反。]
Ⅱ.语法与写作
依据提示翻译下面的句子
1．至于我，应当从我上学的路上开头。(should)
(安徽·书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________
2．因此，我没能够抽出时间准时给你回复。(couldn't)
(山东·写作)
_______________________________________________________________
3．我真诚地期望你们能给我一次机会，我信任我将会成为一个好主席的。(can)
(天津·书面表达)
_______________________________________________________________
4．再试一次，他们可能会得到他们幻想的东西。(may)
(北京·开放作文)
_______________________________________________________________
5．假如你们能马上实行措施我将不胜感谢。(would)
(重庆·写作二)
_______________________________________________________________
答案
1．As for me，it should start on the way to school.
2．Therefore，I couldn't spare enough time to write back to you in time.
3．I sincerely hope you can give me a chance and I'm sure I will be a good president.
4．With another try，they may gain what they dream of.
5．I would appreciate it greatly if you can take action at once.