八年级下知识点归纳教程文件.doc

Unit 1一、短语归纳1. have a cold 感冒2. see a dentistdoctor看牙医医生3. go to a dentist doctor 看牙医医生4. take ones temperature 量体温5. have a fever发烧6. get off下车7. have a stomachache胃痛8. lie down躺下9. take a break breaks休息10. take sb to the hospital送某人去医院11. to ones surprise使惊讶的是12. in time 及时13. on time按时；准时14. have a heart problem有心脏病 15. right awayat oncein a minute 马上、立刻16. take a risk risks冒险17. because of 因为18. run out (of)用完；耗尽19. be in control of 掌控20. give up 放弃21. thanks to 幸亏，多亏22. get into trouble陷入困境23. lose ones life失去某人的生命24. by oneself单独、独自25. make a decision decisions做决定26. cut off切除，切断，中断27. go mountain climbing 去爬山28. fall down 摔倒29. have problem doing sth 做某事有困难30. get sunburned 晒伤31. so that 以便32. think twice再三考虑33. cut ones knee 摔破膝盖34. in the same way 用同样的方法35. have a nosebleed流鼻血36. get an X-ray 照X光二、用法集萃1. Whats wrong with (sbsth)?= Whats the trouble matter with (sbsth) ?(某人、某物)怎么了？2. 描述身体不适：(1)have a +表示生病的名词(2)have a sore+病痛部位。3. thanks to =because of 幸亏；多亏；由于4. onby the side of 在旁边5. sick adj 生病的，可以做表语和定语 ill adj 生病的，做表语。6. sth run out run out of sth 用完某物7. aancalled named 一个被叫做的8. used to do sth 过去、常常做某事be used to do sth 被用来做某事be used to (doing) sth习惯(做)某事9. sb be in control of sth 某人掌控某物10. advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 give sb some advice 给某人一些建议11. to ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是 be surprised to do sth 做某事感到惊奇 be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊奇12. else 别的；其他的 用于不定代词和特殊疑问词之后13. 数字+名词复数所有格=数字-单数名词 如a 360 kilos tiger=a 360-kilo tigerUnit 2一、短语归纳1. clean up打扫干净2. give hand out分发3. give away赠送、捐赠4. make a difference to sbsth对有影响5. put on 穿上6. put off推迟7. put out扑灭8. put away把收起来9. put up 张贴10. put down=write down写下、记下 11. come up with 想出12. come out发芽、开放、出版、发行13. call up打电话给14. be careful take carelook out小心、当心15. try out试用、参加的选拔16. fix up修理17. cheer up 使高兴18. set up设置、建立19. help out with 帮助做某事20. come true实现21. worry about 担心、担忧22. be worried about 担心、担忧23. Clean-Up Day 清洁日24. be strong in=do well in =be good at 在方面很强，擅长于25. answer the phone 接电话26. be excited about 对感到兴奋27. be busy doing with sth 忙于做某事28. make some notices 做公告牌29. a special trained dog 一只经过特别训练的狗30. the best wish最好的祝愿31. raise money=collect money 筹钱二、用法集萃1. cheer sb up = make sb happy使某人高兴2. volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事3. alone adv =by onself 单独；独自 lonely adj 孤独的4. several后跟可数名词的复数形式。5. take care of =look after=care for 照顾、照看6. take after=be similar to =look like =be like 想象7. come true “实现” 主语通常为表示“愿望、理想、预言”的词achieve “达到、完成”主语为人 achieve ones dream =make ones dream come true 实现某人的梦想8. at the age of +数字=when sb waswere+数字years old 当某人岁的时候9. make it possible for sb to do sth 使某人有可能做某事10. make a difference to sbsth 对某人、某物有影响12. be excited about sth 对感到兴奋Unit 3一、短语归纳1. do the dishes 洗餐具2. fold the clothes叠衣服3. make the bed 整理床铺4. clean the living room 打扫起居室5. stay out 待在外面6. in front of 在前部7. hang out 闲逛8. at least 至少9. all the time 一直、总是10. as soon as 一就11. fall ill生病12. take out the rubbish倒垃圾 13. sweep the floor 扫地14. work on 从事、忙于15. do chores做家务16. in surprise惊讶地17. a waste of time 浪费时间18. in order to 为了19. as a result 结果20. develop ones independence 培养某人的独立性21. depend on 依靠、依赖22. get a ride 搭便车23. go to the movies去看电影24. walk away 走开25. take sb for a walk 带某人去散步26. get good grade 取得好成绩27. welcome sb 欢迎某人二、用法集萃1. help sb out 帮助某人解决问题 help out with sth 帮助做某事2. throw away 扔掉，丢弃 throw down 扔下3. come over to +地点 参观某地4. pass sb sth =pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人5. lend 借出 lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 borrow 借进 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物6. when 引导的时间状语从句，主句用进行时，从句用一般现在或过去时 while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般现在或过去时，主句用进行时7. have time to do sth 有时间做某事 dont have time to do sth =have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事8. in order to do sth 为了做某事 in order that +从句 为了9. There is no need for sb to do sth. 做某事对某人是没有必要的10. Its ones dutyjob to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责。11. Its not enough to do sth. 做某事是不够的。12. always与进行时连用表示总是、一直做某事。13. have no idea=dont knowUnit 4一、短语归纳1. have get into a fight 打架2. give back 归还3. big deal 重要的事4. no problem 没问题；不客气5. next time 下次6. be afraid of 害怕7. not any more 不再8. compare with 把与相比9. in ones opinion 在某人看来10. go to sleep去睡觉 11. on the phone 在电话里12. look through 翻阅、浏览13. be angry with sb 生某人的气14. feel lonely 感到孤独15. make friends 交朋友16. study for a test 为考试学习17. have take lessons 上课18. cut out 删除19. all kinds of 各种各样的20. after-school activities 课外活动21. after-school lessonsclasses 课外辅导班22. family members 家庭成员23. work out 成功发展，解决，算出24. hang over 笼罩二、用法集萃1. allow doing sth 允许做某事allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事sb be allowed to do sth 某人被允许做某事2. maybe=perhaps=probably 可能、大概3. explain sth to sb 向某人解释4. return to +地点=comeget back to+地点 返回到某地 return sth to sb =give sth back to sb 把某物归还给某人5. Its not a big deal. =Its no big deal. 没什么大不了的6. get onalong well with sb 与某人相处融洽7. elder 年长的 older较老的，较旧的8. Its like sb sth doing sth. 看起来像某人某物正在做某事9. relations 联系，交往 通常用复数形式10. offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物offer to do sth 主动提供做某事 provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物11. communicate with sb 与某人交流12. mind sb doing sth 介意某人做某事13. be nicekind friendly to sb 对某人友好14. although 尽管=though、even though 、enough if，不能与but 连用 so that 以便 引导目的状语从句=in order that 放于主句之后 until 知道 引导时间状语从句 常用于 notuntil 结构 直到才15. compare with 把与做比较16. pressure=stress 不可数名词 be under pressurestress处于压力下17. compete with sb 与某人竞争18. each other=one another彼此；互相 有所有格形式19. the+姓氏复数 表示某某夫妇，某某一家人，做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。20. be crazy about sth sb 热衷于 迷恋21. continue to do sth 继续做另一件事 continue doing sth 继续做同一件事22. succeed 动词 succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 success 名词 successful 形容词 be successful in doing sth 成功做某事Unit 5一、短语归纳1. wait for 等候；等待2. go off发出响声3. die down 逐渐消失4. pick up接电话；接某人；捡起5. in a mess乱七八糟6. at the time of 在的时候7. in bad shape 变形8. take a hot shower洗热水澡9. make sure确保10. fall asleep入睡11. wake up醒来12. clean up 打扫13. take down写下；记下；拆除14. (to) tell the truth 说实话15. go away离开16. call out大声叫唤17. have a look看一看18. in silence沉默地19. in the history 在历史上20. World Trade Center世贸大楼21. have meaning to 对有意义22. have troubledifficultiesproblems doing sth 做某事有困难23. have meaning to 对有意义24. the a ticket to .的票二、用法集萃1. at the time of + n 在.的时候2. all of a sudden = suddenly 突然3. as well “也”用于肯定句句末4. Its reported that 据报道 It is said that据说 It is believed that人们相信5. sleep 睡觉 动词、名词 sleep well enough sleep asleep “睡着的”只能做表语 fall asleep sleepy “困倦的” 能做定语和表语6. make ones way to +地点 奋力前往某地7. be made from 由制成 看不出原材料 be made of 由制成 看得出原材料8. as +adjadv 原级+as possible 尽可能9. be in hospital 生病住院 be in the hospital 在医院10. be shocked at sth 对某事感到震惊 be shocked to do sth 做某事感到震惊11. the rest of 剩余的谓语动词的数应与名词相对应。13. look out =be careful =take care 小心、当心 look out of 向外看15. point out指出 point atto 指向三、语法专项（过去进行时）1. 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 2. 构成：waswere + doing 3. 标志词：this time yesterday, at that time, atoclock last night, all night, from to 等等。Unit 6一、短语归纳1. take away拿走；带走2. a little bit一点3. once upon a time从前 4. make changes to 对作出改变5. the weak 弱者6. fall in love with爱上 7. be quite 安静8. beget lost 迷路9. never mind 不要紧；别担心10. as soon as 一就11. the main character 主人公12. at other times 有时13. turn into 把变为14. come out 发行、出版、开放、发芽15. make a dress做衣服16. get married结婚17. all over the world 全世界18. along the way沿路19. the next day 第二天20. in the moonlight在月光下21. think ofup=come up with 想出二、用法集萃1. be moved by 被感动2. remind sb of tsh 使某人想起某物 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事3. kind of =a little bit =a little = a bit 稍微，有一点 修饰形容词4. It seems possible for sb to do sth. 对某人而言做某事是有可能的5. instead 代替 用于句首或句末 instead of 代替 而不是 放于句中后接名词、代词、动名词。6. unless 除非，如果不 引导条件状语从句=if not as soon as “一就” 引导条件状语从句 主从句保持一致，当主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在是 “主将从现”7. cant couldnt helpstop doing sth 忍不住做某事8. get married to sb 与某人结婚10. clothes 只有复数形式 11. whole 全部的 后接可数名词单数形式，放于冠词、物主代词、所有格之后 all 所有的 后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，放于冠词、物主代词、所有格前12. Never mind！没关系，不用担心。13. lead sb to 带领某人去某地 lead to 导致 lead sb to do sth 带领某人做某事14. voice 声音 指人说话、唱歌的声音 noise噪音 make noise 制造噪音 sound 声音 泛指自然界的一切生意15. be fit for sth sb 适合某人某物 be fit to do sth 适合做某事16. find out 找出、查明 强调通过调查、询问、分析来弄清、查明Unit 7一、短语归纳1. take in air吸入空气2. be in danger处于危险中3. in the face of 面对4. achieve ones dream实现某人的梦想5. make ones dream come true 实现某人的梦想6. the salt lakes 咸水湖7. up to达到8. man-made objects人造物体 9. the forces of nature自然的力量10. endangered animals 濒危的动物11. the first people to do sth 第一个做某事的人12. feel free to do sth 随意做某事13. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋14. walk into sb 走路时撞着15. at birth出生时16. as you can see正如你所看到的17. as far as I know 就我所知18. fall over绊倒19. die from 死于20. or so 大约二、用法集萃1. with pleasure 乐意效劳 在别人请求帮忙做某事时，表示乐意帮忙。2. 表示物体的长宽高等用“基数词+表度量的名词（meter、kilometer、mile）+adj” 提问物体的长宽高用 “how +adj+ be +物体 ”3. population “人口”做主语时，谓语动词用单数，前有百分数、分数修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。人口多用big、large表示，人口少用small，提问人口数量用whats the population of ？4. protectfrom (doing)保护免受（伤害）5. force sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事6. A+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+B. A比B多少倍。7. give birth to 生孩子8. up to 达到 放于数字之前 or so 大约 位于数字之后9. 以ly结尾的形容词： lonely friendly lively lovely 10. take good care of = look after well 照顾好11. do research on 对做研究12. danger n 危险 be in danger 处于危险中 dangerous adj 危险的 endangered adj 濒临灭绝的13. less + adj 原级 前者不如后者Unit 8一、 短语归纳1. go out to sea 出海2. hurry up 赶快；急忙3. on the sand 在沙滩上4. country music乡村音乐5. in the middle of 在的中间6. ever since 自从7. be the home of 的发源地8. belong to 属于9. do some research做一些研究 10. put down 放下，记下，写下11. on the island 在小岛上12. bring back带回13. leave behind 留下14. fight over 为争吵15. on the radio 通过收音机16. one another彼此，互相17. science fiction 科幻小说18. come to realize 逐渐意识到二、 用法集萃1. experience 做经历时可数，做经验时不可数2. on page +基数词 在第几页3. hurry up 赶快、匆忙 = in a hurry hurry to do sth 匆忙做某事 hurry offaway 匆匆离开4. due adj 预期的、预定的 作表语，后引出预定的时间、地点。5. leave sbsth behind 把某人甩在后面，遗留某物leave sth +地点 把某物忘在某地forget sth 忘记某物6. mark 分数、记号，可数名词7. towards 强调朝着方向，可以与to替换to 用于动词go、come、move、get 后表示到达之意8. namecall sb +名字 把某人命名为9. cant couldnt wait to do sth 等不及做某事10. 后接doing的词：finish、enjoy、practice、stand、mind、keep、imagine、spend、look forward to、be used to、be halfway to、be busy、 11. fight over sth =fight about sth 因某事争吵12. abroad adv “在国外”不与介词连用、但可以与from连用。13. come to 逐渐常与 realize、know、understand等词连用。14. ever since 与since用法一样，后接从句时用一般过去时。15. belong to sb(名词或宾格) = be sbs（物主代词或名词所有格） 16. introduce sthsb to 把某人、物介绍给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍三、 语法专项(现在完成时)1. 结构：havehas +done ，hashave为助动词，主语为第三人称单数时用has,其余用have. 做否定回答时可直接用Not yet表示还没有。2. 用法：（1）表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，标志词：already 已经 放于肯定句助动词之后或句末 yet 已经,还 放于否定句和疑问句句末 ever 曾经 放于疑问句或否定句句中 never 从不 常与before连用，before放于句末，never放于助动词之后 just 刚刚 放于助动词之后before 以前 放于句末，可用于肯定、否定、疑问句（2）表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态。标志词：for+时间段，since+时间点，since+从句（用一般过去时）so far, in the last past +时间段，recently3. have been to 去过某地（人已回来）have gone to 去了某地（人未回来）have been in+地点 在某地多久了 常搭配时间段4. 短暂性动词不能与for, since引导的时间状语或how long连用，要用相应的延续性动词连用。borrow keep have buy have leave be awaydie be deadmarryget married be married beginstart be on open be openclose be closedbecome be join be (a member of )Unit 9一、 词组归纳1. amusement park 游乐场2. learn about of 了解3. a perfect cup of tea一杯完美的茶4. thousands of 数以千记的5. on (the) one hand 在一方面6. on the other hand 在另一方面7. an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家8. put up 张贴；搭建9. tea art 茶艺10. tea sets 茶具11. a couple of 一对；几个12. in Southeast Asia 在东南亚13. three quarters四分之三14. duringin the daytime在白天 15. far from 离远16. take a holiday 度假17. enjoy the success of享受的成功 18. take a ride 兜风19. social groups 社会团体20. walk around the park 在公园里到处走21. tea art performances 茶艺表演22. in such a rapid way 以如此快的方式二、 用法集萃1. neither 两者都不 用于单数名词前，可以和of连用，做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。neithernor既不也不，做主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则。Neither+情助be+主语 某人也不So+情助be+主语 某人也 So+主语+情助be+上句主语 主语的确 2. one 代替前面提到的同类人或事物中的一个 复数为ones （同类同物）it 指代前面提到的物 （同类同物）3. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事4. German 德语、德国人（Germans）、德国人的 Germany德国5. fear doing sth 害怕做某事 fear +从句6. make a progress in 在取得进步7. right now 此刻；目前 right away 立刻；马上8. 分数表达法：分子在前，分母在后，子基母序，分子大于1，分母用复数。9. all year round=all the year全年10. 特殊疑问词ever=no matter +特殊疑问词 无论11. whether 是否，相当于if 当与or not连用时只能用whether. 无论，不管 常与 or 连用。三、语法专项（反义疑问句）1. 构成：陈述句，附加疑问句？ 其中附加疑问句由助动词、情态动词或be +主语构成。助动词、情态动词、be动词的选用由陈述句中的谓语决定。主语要根据陈述句的主语使用代词的主格形式。2. 规则：（1）前肯后否，前否后肯。（2）当陈述句中有few, little, never, hardly, nobody, nothing等表示否定意义的词时，附加疑问句用肯定形式。（3）there be 句型的主语为there。(4)Lets 开头的祈使句，反义疑问句用shall we, let us 开头的祈使句，反义疑问句用will you. （5）句子中有used to (过去常常做某事)视为一般过去时。 Unit 10一、 短语归纳1. have a yard sale 举行庭院拍卖会2. in a yard sale 在庭院拍卖会中3. welcome to 欢迎来到.4. board games 棋类游戏5. no longer 不再6. a bread maker 一个面包机7. as for 至于8. millions of 数以百万计的9. according to 根据10. check out 察看11. a train and railway set一个火车和铁轨玩具套装12. search for 寻找13. once or twice a year一年一两次 14. across from 在对面15. on sale 出售；上市16. for sale 待售；供销售17. soft toys 毛绒玩具18. for a while 一会儿；一段时间19. to be honest=to tell the truth 老实说20. part with sth 放弃；交出21. the mid-20th century 20世纪中期22. stay the same 保持原状23. in my time 在我那个时代24. junior high school 初级中学25. in need 需要二、 用法集萃1. bring back 使回想起 物做主语 带回2. no longer=notanymore 其中no longer用于句末,notanymore 中，not和助动词、be或情态动词构成否定形式，anymore 用于句末3. give sth away to sb give away sth to sb 把某物捐赠给某人4. Its a shame. 真遗憾，真可惜。用于表示不如人愿的情形。 5. consider doing sth 考虑做某事 consider +从句 consider +特殊疑问词+to do 6. welcome sb to 欢迎某人到某地7. certain 某些；确定的be certain to do sth确定做某事 be certain about sth 确定某事8. as for 至于；关于 后接名词、代词、动名词。9. among 用于三者或三者以上，between 用于两者之间，和and连用。10. Its a shame. 真遗憾；真可惜 表示不如人愿的情形。Its a shame to do sth. 做某事遗憾。Its a shame (that) +从句 很遗憾.11. regard as 把视为12. be true of 对是真实的13. in the +序数词+century 在世纪 in the mid-20th century 在20世纪中期14. according to 后接名词、代词、动名词 according to sb=in ones opinion15. consider doing sth 考虑做某事16. memory 记忆力（不可数）记忆中的事（可数）