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课时作业(八) Unit 3 Computers
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.It has been________(calculate) that eighty percent of the middle school students can be admitted into colleges.
2.________(person)，I'm content with what you did.
3.Children like to read the________(simple) English stories.
4.When________(ask) for his view about his job，he said that he found it interesting.
5.Great changes have taken place in scientific and________(technology)development in our country.
6.The________(apply) of robots makes difficult jobs easier to do.
7.Though the problem given by the teacher was difficult，the boy said that he could find the________(solve)to it.
8.He is a student with great________(intelligent)，so I think he can do it well.
9.You needn't worry about your________(appear)—you look fine.
10.I was________(total) confused by what she said.
答案：1.calculated 2.Personally 3.simplified 4.asked
5.technological 6.application 7.solution 8.intelligence 9.appearance 10.totally
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.It is a long time since they separated，but________________(不久)they meet again.
2.People can calculate on computers__________________(解决各种问题)such as exploring the moon.
3.On the contrary，I find her quite__________________(简洁相处)．
4.Even though they__________________(几乎没有相同之处)，they get along well with each other.
5.__________________(随着科学与技术的进展)，we have a much higher standard of living.
6.The problems between parents and children have__________________(缺乏沟通引起的)．
7.—Do you know how many students took part in the sports meet？
—About 400__________________(加起来)．
8.When I am back to school from sick leave，I will__________________(弥补) the missing lessons.
答案：1.it won't be long before 2.to solve all kinds of problems 3.easy to deal with 4.have little in common
5.With the development of science and technology 6.arisen from lack of communication 7.in total 8.make up for
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2021·郑州高三质量检测)
Think about how many ways there are for you to communicate today.You can send a letter or pick up the phone and make a call.But today，one of the most popular ways to communicate is called instant messaging (IM)．In any instant messaging system，you type a little text message on your computer，press the“Send”button，and your message instantly shows up on your friend's screen.But how does it work？
Actually，the whole process is very cool.In the 1980s，you could sit down at a computer at any big university.Up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.You could type a command to send an instant message to anyone logged in the same computer.It felt like everyone was connected together no matter where they were sitting.
Today，you can communicate with anyone in the world.All you need is an instant messaging program installed on your computer.There are many programs to choose from.AOL's instant messenger is probably the most popular right now.MSN has one.Google has Google Talk.
When you're ready，you create an account.Next，you need to figure out the IM names your friends use.Add their IM names to your IM program.Click on the friend you want to talk to and then type away.When you click“Send”，your friend gets the message instantly.
But behind the scenes，amazing things are happening.Your IM program is communicating with a computer，called a server，which could be just down the road or even in some other city.All your friends' computers are communicating with a server，too.Your computer is constantly chatting with it to make everything happen.The network called the Internet makes it all possible.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前网上最流行的沟通方式——即时通信。
1.What could be the best title of the passage？
A．Different Ways of Communication
B．The Easiest Way to Talk to a Friend
C．How to Send Instant Messages
D．Development of Communication
答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。依据第一段的后两句及整篇文章的内容可知，该文介绍的是如何发送即时消息，所以选C项作标题最合适。
2.Why did so many people share a computer in the 1980s？
A．Because they wanted to be connected to each other.
B．Because few people could afford to buy computers.
C．Because few people knew how to use computers.
D．Because computers at that time were too large.
答案：B 解析：细节理解题。依据其次段的第三句“Up to 100 people would be logged in and share the computer because these computers were very expensive.”可知，一百多个人使用一台电脑是由于电脑太贵，很少有人买得起。
3.From the passage we can see that“Google Talk”________．
A．is a kind of search engine
B．refers to a computer company
C．is a famous website
D．is an IM program
答案：D 解析：细节理解题。依据第三段内容可知，要想进行即时谈天，你需要在电脑上装一个IM程序，并且有很多这样的程序供你选择，故Google Talk是一个IM程序。
4.The underlined “it” in the last paragraph most probably refers to“________”．
A．a server B．an IM program
C．a computer D．the Internet
答案：A 解析：代词指代题。依据上文中的“Your IM program is communicating with a computer，called a server”以及“All your friends' computers are communicating with a server，too.”可知，此处的it指的就是前面提到的a server。
B
“People are ruder today because they are rushed and more ‘time poor’ than ever before，” says Patsy Rowe，“Manners_have_fallen_off_the_radar(雷达)．” Due to our strong attraction to electronic equipment it is a wonder more people don't wake up each morning and greet the singing birds with a complaint(埋怨) about the noise.Here are some examples of rudeness.
Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet.To them，dealing with an actual human is like an evolutionary step backward.It feels very slow because humans don't work at 4G speeds.When you have dinner with friends，you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone.We have programmed ourselves to think that every new message brings lifechanging news，so taking calls and checking our texts are more important than talking to the people we are with.What is worse，some people even tend to send anonymous(匿名) rude messages by email.
However，rudeness is never acceptable.Don't assume it is OK to be rude if the person you're in touch with won't recognize you.If you have something awful to say，have the courage to face the person and say it，write a letter or email and sign it，or forget it.Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.
We shouldn't blame technology for our shortcomings.Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take over our lives.An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings.People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if we'd publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.
语篇导读：本文为说明文。题材为社会生活类。由于技术的进展，人们的生活节奏也随之加快，这使人们表现出粗鲁等不礼貌的行为。但是我们不能由于我们的缺点而去责怪技术，而应当去承认我们的缺点并加以改正。
5.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1？
A．People can tell good from bad behavior.
B．Radar is able to observe human behavior.
C．People care little about their behavior.
D．Radar can be used to predict human behavior.
答案：C 解析：推理推断题。该画线句子直接翻译为“礼貌已经落后于雷达了”，可以推断出人们几乎忽视了行为举止。C项与此相符。
6.Some people are less willing to deal with humans because________.
A．they are becoming less patient
B．they are growing too independent
C．they have to handle many important messages
D．they have to follow an evolutionary step backward
答案：A 解析：细节理解题。其次段前三句话告知我们：有些人凡事都宠爱在速度比较快的网络上做，而在和现实中的人打交道时显得有些不耐烦。故选A项。
7.The author thinks sending unsigned awful messages is________.
A．ridiculous B．disgusting
C．acceptable D．reasonable
答案：B 解析：观点态度题。ridiculous：荒谬的，可笑的；disgusting：令人厌恶的；acceptable：可接受的；reasonable：合理的。依据第三段最终一句“用未署名的短信来打搅别人是残酷的，也是令人厌恶的”，故选B项。
8.What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A．We should applaud good behavior.
B．Technology can never be blamed.
C．We should keep pointing out mistakes.
D．Technology will take over our lives one day.
答案：A 解析：推理推断题。最终一段最终一句话是说“人们花大量时间指出不礼貌的行为，但是当我们看到有礼貌的行为举止时，能够当众认可的话，那将会更加有挂念。”此意与A项(我们应当为好的行为举止鼓掌)全都。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2021·石家庄质检二)
Alice：Hi，Peter！I saw you on the 7 o'clock news last night.
Peter：Oh，yeah.
Alice：So tell us what happened？
Peter：I __1__(walk)alone on the beach when I heard someone __2__(call)out for help.I looked up and there on the headland was a little kid.He had climbed up the cliff(悬崖)and was stuck.
Alice：What did you do then？
Peter：My first thought was to run and get help，but the boy was crying.He looked as though he would fall at __3__ moment.So I climbed up to get him down.The rocks were very loose，and I almost __4__(slip) a couple of times.I was beginning to think __5__ wasn't a good idea to climb up there alone and that I __6__(get) help first.Then I reached the boy.__7__，I couldn't get him down.We were both stuck！
Alice：And then what did you do？
Peter：I shouted for help.Pretty soon there came __8__ small crowd on the beach.One of them called the Coast Rescue Service.About five minutes __9__ there appeared a helicopter overhead，and we __10__(rescue)．
语篇导读：本对话中Peter向Alice叙述了他在海边闲逛 时营救一个孩子的困难过程。
1.答案：was walking 解析：考查时态。依据语境可知，此处是在陈述过去的某一时间正在发生的事情，故应用过去进行时。
2.答案：calling 解析：考查非谓语动词。hear sb.doing sth.表示“听见某人正在做某事”，故填calling。
3.答案：any 解析：考查固定短语。at any moment是一个固定短语，表示“随时”。
4.答案：slipped 解析：考查时态。此处只是在叙述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时。
5.答案：it 解析：考查it作形式主语。此处it是形式主浯，代替句中真正的主语“to climb up there alone”。
6.答案：should have got 解析：考查虚拟语气。作者认为他本应当先寻求挂念，而不是一个人来营救孩子，故应用should have done表示“本应当做而没有做”。
7.答案：However 解析：考查副词。句中的“Then I reached the boy”和“I couldn't get him down”是转折关系，故用However。
8.答案：a 解析：考查冠词。crowd表示“一群人”时是可数名词，故用a。
9.答案：later 解析：考查副词。句中的“there appeared a helicopter”说明，大约过了五分钟一架直升机消灭了，故填later。
10.答案：were rescued 解析：考查时态和语态。主语we和动词rescue之间存在规律上的动宾关系，且陈述的是过去的事情，故应用were rescued。
Ⅴ.短文改错
My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted teach me about animals，insects and trees.My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.
One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying over us.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky－they were looked like rain！We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn't learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity！
答案：My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven.He wanted teach me about animals，insects and trees.My uncles all along with bows and arrows for hunting.
One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire， our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying over us.My uncles jumped up and shot their arrows the bird. of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows flying down at us from the sky－they like rain！We ran to escape fortunately no one was injured.
That day I didn't learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt impressive lesson about gravity！
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