资源描述
Ⅰ. 语言学问及应用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
In American culture, you may find some very sensitive topics that require you to think again before you put them forward. They are as follows:
Age. It is a very sensitive 1 to many Americans. In this culture, the thought of growing older is a 2 one and most of us, if possible, would like to have nothing to do with it. So many Americans work hard to 3 a youthful appearance. The last thing they want to be asked is the unthinkable, “How old are you exactly”?
This question may result in a(an) 4 like: “How old do you think I am? ”Anyhow, if you are 5 to know someone’s age, first you estimate(估量)their ages by their appearances. Then you take ten years away from that estimation. With a big 6 , that person will probably say, “Thanks, but I am a few years older than that”.
Weight. This is one of the most sensitive subjects. In America, it is desirable to be thin but it is a huge 7 to be overweight. In any American fashion magazines, you’ll notice most 8 are nothing more than skin and bones.
Income. You should never ever ask how much someone’s salary is. However, it’s perfectly 9 to ask about their job title and what they do for a living. This information should give you some ideas.
Matters of the Heart. This is a tricky(难处理的)one. Some people cannot wait to 10 their hearts out to you. Then there are those who make sure their 11 business stays behind closed doors. The general 12 is not to get too personal. You don’t want others to think that you are looking into their lives. Besides, try not to ask too many questions until you have a(n) 13 with this person.
Anyhow, it’s difficult to always 14 an embarrassing conversation. So, be sensible, 15 your mouth and try not to open a can of worms.
1. A. solution B. subject C. access D. approach
2. A. painless B. painful C. enjoyable D. natural
3. A. make B. change C. decorate D. keep
4. A. reply B. consequence
C. description D. explanation
5. A. likely B. eager C. afraid D. nervous
6. A. smile B. surprise C. prize D. gift
7. A. accident B. event
C. excitement D. embarrassment
8. A. singers B. editors C. writers D. models
9. A. awesome B. suitable C. foolish D. typical
10. A. pour B. cut C. mark D. test
11. A. rich B. foreign C. personal D. public
12. A. aspect B. rule C. idea D. concept
13. A. appointment B. quarrel
C. discussion D. friendship
14. A. avoid B. begin C. produce D. stop
15. A. ignore B. take C. watch D. notice
其次节 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
(2021·韶关二模)
阅读下面短文, 依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Recently it has been observed that more and more people are switching to organic vegetables and fruits. They are 16 (nature)and safe for the human body to consume. Organic farming 17 (increase)and evolved in a large way due to this large demand by now. Farmers are getting better at the art of growing organic vegetables and there are many helpful tips 18 they share with other members of the organic farming circle. 19 you area gardener and interested in growing organic vegetables, 20 is wise to be aware of these tips and choose the best organic garden tip that helps 21 garden to produce healthy and better vegetables.
One helpful organic garden tip that works well for all farmers is 22 (make)your own fertilizer. This is 23 kind of fertilizer made of dry leaves, fruit peelings and kitchen food disposables. These materials are buried underground and kept there 24 some time. With fermentation(发酵)taking place the soil becomes richer with nutrients. This means you get a fertilizer that does not have chemicals at all. This fertilizer enhances the soil and so the vegetables and fruits are 25 (health)and better.
Ⅱ. 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分)
A
Credit cards let people buy things now and pay for them over months or even years. But some people get deep into debt: Some banks have terms and charges that can make it harder for people to pay off that debt. In the United States, there are calls for stronger government supervision of the credit card industry. They offer economic power at a price. In 2004, Americans had about $800 billion in credit card debt. Now they own about $968 billion.
Critics say banks made it too easy to get credit cards. But that may be changing. The crisis in the housing and credit they call markets is beginning to affect the credit card industry. More payments are late. Charges for late payments are a growing source of profit for banks. But late payments can also signal bad debts.
The central bank, the Federal Reserve, says two-thirds of American banks have recently reported tighter lending requirements. Many people report having their credit limits reduced without warning.
Some lawmakers are concerned that cardholders do not have enough protections from what abusive policies. These include actions like raising interest rates because of an unrelated event. Also, banks may raise the chances of a late payment by changing monthly payment dates for credit cards.
According to a survey, 82% of Americans think credit cards provide a valuable service. But a majority, 58%, say they do not trust credit card companies. And three out of four think the government should regulate the industry more closely. Three out of four people feel there is always some condition that makes a card less appealing than the company made it sound. And a little more than half say they have had a card that was not as good as they expected. But close to 80% say no one really reads the terms and conditions when they sign up for a credit card.
26. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably mean?
A. We can enjoy more convenience using credit cards.
B. Credit cards can improve your buying power.
C. We can buy things at lower prices using credit cards.
D. Credit cards bring more card debt as well as convenience.
27. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A. Banks are making it harder for people to get credit cards.
B. Some people’s credit limits have been reduced.
C. It is more difficult to borrow money from some banks.
D. Banks are receiving more charges from late payments.
28. Which of the following can be a case of abusive policies?
A. Banks make credit cards look more attractive.
B. Banks ignore the danger of bad debts.
C. Banks raise interest rates with no good reason.
D. Banks put off monthly payment dates.
29. What can we know from the text?
A. Banks actually prefer to see more late payment.
B. People should be more careful when applying for a credit card.
C. The US government provides better protection for cardholders.
D. The majority of Americans don’t think much of credit cards.
30. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Credit cards are still very well received in America.
B. Credit cards don’t live up to some people’s expectations.
C. Many people don’t believe in credit card companies.
D. The results of a survey about credit cards in Americans.
B
One of the world’s richest men has taken a close interest in one of man’s most basic functions: visiting the toilet. Bill Gates’ charitable organization, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is looking for inventors to design the loo of the future, which, they hope, would improve sanitation for millions of people around the world.
So, what’s wrong with the traditional flush toilet? Firstly, it wastes a huge amount of potential drinking water. Secondly, they are more likely to cause pollution. This is a real problem in many areas of the developing world, where, according to United Nations estimates, unsafe sanitation causes half of all hospitalizations. Younger people are particularly at risk. Illnesses which cause diarrhea are responsible for the deaths of about 1. 5 million children a year. Finally, standard lavatories simply aren’t practical in remote areas.
The challenge set by Bill Gates was to come up with a latrine which works without running water, electricity or aseptic tank. It also needed to operate for less than 5 cents. 28 designs were displayed at the recent Reinvent the Toilet Fair in Seattle, the USA. Among them was one which turned human waste into electricity using microwaves, another which converted human waste into charcoal, and yet another which used urine for flushing.
But the winner was a solar-powered design which generated hydrogen gas and electricity. The team from the California Institute of Technology(CIT)picked up a prize of $ 100, 000.
But clearly Bill Gates doesn’t feel he’s flushing money down the toilet. After the Seattle event he said, “We, couldn’t be happier with the response we’ve gotten, ”Gates has even pledged $3 70m more to the future toilet project. They hope to field test more, prototypes over the next three years.
31. Why is Bill Gates paying people to invent new toilets?
A. Because he wants to test people’s sense of creativity.
B. Because he wants to improve sanitation for many people.
C. Because he thinks the traditional ones are out of fashion.
D. Because he can’t design this kind of things himself.
32. Which of the following is NOT a problem with the traditional flush toilet?
A. They waste too much water.
B. They might cause diseases.
C. They are not always practical.
D. They are too complicated to use.
33. The underlined word“latrine”in the third paragraph might have similar meaning to the word“ ”in the text.
A. loo B. sanitation
C. diarrhea D. prototype
34. The team from CIT won the prize because their design .
A. can change human waste into electricity
B. can turn human waste into charcoal
C. can produce power with solar energy
D. can use urine for flushing
35. If someone“flush money down the toilet”, they are .
A. showing off their wealth
B. being angry with their work conditions
C. wasting money for nothing
D. expressing their great determination
C
More over smart phone, the intelligent watch is about to take your spot as the latest hi-tech current, allowing wearers to glance at messages and even take calls without touching their phones. The I’m Watch, available since 2011, is the flagship product of an Italian company-I’m. This smart watch is an assist to the smart phone, with which it can communicate by Bluetooth wireless technology. It means you can leave your phone in your pocket as you answer or reject a call, review e-mails or read updates from friends on Twitter or Facebook.
The I’m Watch also has its own applications, such as I’m Sport, which links with a heart rate detector(检测器)to allow a runner to check his pulse. Such functions already exist in specialized sports watches but not on watches that are linked to smart phones.
With a square shape, a 3. 8-centimeter touch screen and various colors, the I’m Watch sells for a minimum of 300 Euros($390)for the basic model and prices climb to 16, 000 Euros for a luxury model in silver or decorated with diamonds.
So far, the watch has already found 30, 000 buyers, 80 percent of whom are men aged 25 to 50. “Seventy percent are iPhone users, 25 percent Samsung and the rest are other telephones using Google’s Android operating system, ”said Massimiliano Bertolini, a manager of the company, which aims to sell more than 200, 000 watches this year. The company’s target market is the person who is always glued to his smart phone, even in meetings or at the movies, or people who wish to keep an eye on their heartbeat during exercise. They will especially target women with advertisements emphasizing its design rather than its technology.
36. The text is meant to .
A. advertise a hand-held device
B. show an example of high-tech
C. introduce a new type of watch
D. compare the phone with the watch
37. Which of the following best describes the I’m Watch?
A. Economical. B. Typical.
C. Multifunctional. D. Traditional.
38. Why is the I’m Watch superior to other specialized sports watches?
A. It provides a better service.
B. It is linked to smart phones.
C. It has a heart rate detector.
D. It owns fancy appearance.
39. Which group of people may be attracted by the I’m Watch?
A. Sports lovers having smart phones.
B. Women preferring advertisements.
C. People using Android system.
D. iPhone users seeking convenience.
40. What can we learn about the I’m Watch according to the text?
A. It can control a runner’s pulse.
B. It has a wide range of prices.
C. It can replace the smart phones.
D. It is popular among teenagers.
D
When I was about twelve, I headed to a restaurant for dinner with my family. It was winter, and on that particular night, the wind was really blowing. As my mom and I headed towards the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother came up to us. They asked if we had any spare change. My mom immediately asked where they kept their things. They pointed to an old car in a parking across the street. The girl said there were six of them living in that car, which was the same size as my own family.
My mom said she had something to do after handing the people a few dollars. She sent me inside the restaurant with my dad and my three siblings. But she didn’t come.
Later, I found out she had gone home and practically emptied our cupboards into a few bags. Then, she brought that food over to the car and handed the bags to the family. I wasn’t there when that part happened, but I can only imagine the joy it brought to their faces.
A few days later, when I actually found out about what she had done, I asked her why she helped those people. She told me that they were not lucky. I remember the face of that girl who had asked us for change, she was the same age as me, yet we looked so different.
Here I stood, dressed in almost new clothes, headed to dine in a restaurant and then back home to the bedroom I shared with my younger sister. I remember thinking that the other girl didn’t have any food to eat and she was heading back to a cold car shared with five other people.
After painting this picture in my mind, I understood why my mom had done what she did. I will never forget what she did that night, and how she taught me one of the best lessons I ever learned.
41. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A. The girl’s family lived a hard life.
B. The author was happy to go to a restaurant.
C. The girl’s family lived in an old house.
D. The author’s family was the same size as the girl’s.
42. Which of the following best describes the author’s mother?
A. Reliable and determined.
B. Cautious and friendly.
C. Considerate and enthusiastic.
D. Unusual and optimistic.
43. How did the author feel when she knew what her mother had done?
A. She should value what she had.
B. Her mother shouldn’t help the s
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