湘教版七年级上下册知识点总结教学内容.doc

Unit1----Topic 1
一、.Teaching aims.
1). 掌握26个字母的正确发音、顺序及书写；
2). 能熟练地自我介绍、介绍别人和相互问候;
3). 掌握5个元音字母及辅音字母中所含的元音音素。

二、Useful expressions.
1). --- Good morning!
--- Good morning!
2). --- Welcome to China!
--- Thanks! / Thank you!
3). --- Are you Kangkanng?
--- Yes. I am./ No, I’m not.
4). --- Nice to meet you!
--- Nice to meet you!
5). ---Miss Wang, this is Michael.
--- Michael, this is Miss Wang.
--- How do you do?
--- How do you do?
6). --- Good afternoon!
--- Good afternoon!
7). --- How are you?
--- Fine, thanks. And you?
--- I’m OK.
8). --- Good evening!
--- Good evening!
9). --- Goodbye!
--- Bye!
10). ---See you later!
--- See you then!
(注：本话题的重要重点句型，以读、背为主)

三、字母、句子的写法及书写要求：
字母写法：
英语字母有书写体及印刷体两种，我们书写时通常要用手写体。
书写字母时，1)，需注意笔画顺序，字母书写时向右倾斜5°；
2），所有的大写字母都占上两格；
3），小写字母占中格的有：a, c, e, m, n, o, r, s, u, v, w, x, z..（13个）
占上两格的有：b, d, h, i, k, l, t. （7个）
占下两格的有：g, p, q, y. （4个）
占三格的有：f, j . （两个）。
句子写法：
1). 句首字母要大写，句末要有标点符号；
2). 英语句号为实心点，英文中没有顿号，省略号只有三个点且居下；
3）地名、人名等专有名词首字母要大写，e.g. China, Cuba, Maria；
4）中国人的姓名译成英语时，需要把姓和名的首字母分别大写，
e.g. 李白Li Bai, 孟浩然Meng Haoran, 欧阳奋强Ouyang Fenqing。
（注：一定要严格要求学生字母、句子书写规范，养成良好的书写习惯）

四、26个字母按元音的归类表：
Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu 为元音字母，剩余的为辅音字母。(见课本P7)

Unit 1---Topic 2
一、Teaching aims:
1), 掌握本话题中出现的国名以及人称代词；
2), be动词用法；
3)，能运用一般疑问句以及where,what,who引导的特殊疑问句；
4），了解部分国家的标志性建筑；
5），掌握0-10，知道如何询问电话号码.

二、Useful expressions：
1)，---What’s your name?
--- My name is Sally.
2), --- Where are you from?
--- I’m from Canada.
3), --- Excuse me, are you from Canada?
--- Yes, I am. / No, I’m not, I’m from England.
4), --- Is he Li Ming?
--- Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t, he is Yukio.
5), --- Where is he/she from?
--- He/She is from Japan.
6), --- Excuse me, who are they?
--- They’re Maria and Jane.
7), --- Are they from England?
--- Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.
8), --- Where are they from?
--- Maria is from Cuba and Jane is from Canada.
9), --- What’s your telephone number?
--- It’s …/ My telephnoe number is …

三、人称代词：
人称代词通常在句中作主语：
单数有： I, you, he, she, it
复数有： we, you, they

四、缩写形式：(见课本P15)
注意：am与not, this与is没有缩写形式。
要求学生熟练掌握它们的读音及写法（默写熟练）。

五、be动词用法：
Be动词有am, is, are三种形式。
记住口诀：我是am, 你是are, is跟着他、她、它；
单数is复数are;
this, that →is,
these, those→are,
A and B→are.
（e.g. My father is…）
六、数字：
掌握0-10的用法。

七、句子的语音、语调。
一般疑问句用升调；陈述句、特殊疑问句及缩略回答用降调。

八、陈述句及疑问句的用法：
1，陈述句分为肯定句及否定句：
e.g. I am his teacher.
He is not a teacher.
2，疑问句分为一般疑问句及特殊疑问句：
1), 一般疑问句：
a, 语序为：Be动词+主语+其它？
e.g. --- Is he in Class One?
--- Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. （对一般疑问句，必须要用Yes或No回答）
b, 陈述句变为一般疑问句的步骤：
把be动词提句首并大写；句末逗号变问号。
e.g. They are students.
→ ---Are they students?
--- Yes, they are. (肯定回答) /No, they aren’t. (否定回答)
2），特殊疑问句：
含有特殊疑问词的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句。
a, 语序为：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序？
=特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其它？
e.g. ---Where are you from?
--- I’m from China. (不再用yes或no回答)
b, 常见特殊疑问词：what, what class, what grade, where, how, how old, who等
what对“名字、物体、职业”提问；what class对“班级”提问；
what grade对“年级”提问；where对“地点”提问；
how对“身体好坏”提问；how old对年龄提问；who对人提问。

Unit1---Topic 3
一、 Teaching aims:
1， 能介绍或询问物品名称及一些个人基本情况，如：年龄、年级、国籍、电话号码等。
2， 认知日常生活用品，掌握学习用品类词汇；
3， 掌握基数词11-20.
二、 Useful Expressions:
1), --- How old are you?
---I’m twelve, too.
2), --- What class are you in?
--- I’m in Class Four, Grade Seven.
3), --- What grade are you in?
--- I’m in Grade Seven.
4), --- Are you in Grade Seven, too?
--- Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
5), ---Who’s that?
--- That’s Nancy.

6), --- How old is she/he?
--- She/He is fourteen.
7), --- What class is she/he in?
--- She’s/He’s in Class Eleven, Grade Seven.
8), --- What grade are they in?
--- They are in Class Ten, Grade Seven.
9), --- What’s this/that in English?
--- It’s a/an …
10), --- How do you spell it?
--- E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.
11), --- Is this/that …?
--- Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. It’s a/an…
12), --- What are these/those?
--- They are…
13), --- Thank you.
--- That’s OK. / You’re welcome.
14), They are not in the same class, but they are good friends.

三、 单数句变复数句：
1. 代词变复数：
1).人称代词变：
He I →we my →our
she they you →you your→your
it
her
his their
its
2).指示代词变：
this → these that → those
2. be动词变：am, is → are isn’t → aren’t am not→aren’t
3. 名词变 （名词前的a,an去掉，然后变为复数）
按可数名词复数的变化规则进行变化
4. 句子的顺序不变，只需对应写下来
e.g. He is a teacher. → They are teachers.
This is my book. → These are our books.
练习：(单数句变复数句)
1. It’s a bus. 2. He is a teacher. 3. Who’s that? 4.She is my friend.
5. This is an apple. 6. This is a box. 7. I am a girl.

四、 a, an用法总结：
1. 首字母发元音音素的单词前用an,其它用a。 （U1中，共有7个单词要用an）
An ID number, an old man, an orange, an apple, an English car, an egg, an eraser,
(一个有身份证的老人吃桔子、苹果，外加一个英国的鸡蛋和橡皮擦。)
注：今后教学过程中，还会做补充。
2．字母前用an的有：a, e, f, h, I, l, m, n, r, s, x.

五、 一些疑问句的回答 （易考点）
1．--- What’s this? 2. ---What’s that? 3. ---Is this/that a pen?
--- It’s a book. --- It’s a bus. --- Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
(这些问句的答语用it来代替this, that)
4. --- What’re these? 5. ---What are those? 6. --- Are these/those pens?
--- They’re boxes. --- They are buses. --- Yes, they are./ No, ther aren’t.
(这些问句的答语用they来代替these和those)
六、 英语中带有数字的名词表达：
--- What class are you in?
--- I’m in Class Four, Grade Seven. Are you in Class Four, too?
--- No, I’m not. I’m in Class Five.
总结：1). class, grade 放what后时小写，放在数字前大写。
2). Class在前，grade在后。
3). 在该句中，数字首字母要大写。

Unit 2---Topic One
一Teaching aims:
1. 识记身体各部位名称、能够描述自己的外貌特征；
2. 熟练使用have/has进行陈述、疑问和回答；
3. 能够对同学、老师和家人的外貌进行简单的描述。
二、Useful Expressions:
1. 当主语是I, you, they, we及复数时，用have.
e.g. 1). ---Do you have a knife?
--- Yes, I(we) do. / No, I(we) don’t.
2). --- Do they have long legs?
--- Yes, they do./ No, they don’t.
3). --- Do Lucy and Lily have big eyes?
--- Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.
总结：含have的句子用助动词do来帮助构成一般疑问句：
Do+主语+have+其它？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+do.
否定回答：No, 主语+don’t.
4). I have a big nose. →I don’t have a big nose.
5). They have round faces. →They don’t have round faces.
6). We have small eyes. → We don’t have small eyes.
7). You have a wide mouth. → You don’t have a wide mouth.
8). Li Lei and Wei Hua have big ears. →Li Lei and Weihua don’t have big ears.
总结：含have的肯定句，语序为：主语+have+宾语.
含have的否定句，用助动词来帮助。语序为：主语+don’t have+宾语。

2. 当主语是单三（单数第三人称he,she,it及某一个人）时，用has。
1). He/She/It has long hair. → He/She/It doesn’t have long hair.
2). Michael has a big head. → Michael doesn’t have a big head.
3) His friend has a round face. →His friend doesn’t have a round face.
总结：含有has的肯定句，语序为：主语+has+宾语.
含有has的否定句，用助动词doesn’t来帮助。
语序为：主语+doesn’t have+宾语。
4). --- Does he have a wide mouth?
--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
5). --- Does she have long hair?
--- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.
6). --- Does it have long ears?
--- Yes, it does. /No, it doesn’t.
7). --- Does your mother have short hair?
--- Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.
总结：含有has的一般疑问句，用助动词does帮助has恢复原形have。
语序为： ---Does+主语+have +其它？
---Yes, 主语+does. (肯定回答) /
No, 主语+doesn’t. (否定回答)
3. 熟记以下表达方式：
1). His hair is long. = He has long hair.
2). This girl has a round face, big eyes and small ears.
3). --- Who is your favorite movie star?
--- Guess. He’s Chinese.
4). We are in the same school, but in different grades.
5). I come from England. = I am from England.
6). I know. / I don’t know.
7). You’re right.
三、描述外貌特征需注意的几方面：
1. 按照从上到下、先整体后局部的顺序来描述；
2. 身体部位前需加a的有：head, face, nose, mouth, neck,
身体部位需用复数不加a的有：eyes, ears, ams, hands, legs, feet.
4. hair的用法：指整体时，是不可数名词，前不加a
指几根头发时，是可数名词，要加s.
e.g. Maria has long hair.
San Mao has three hairs.
5. mouth: 描述嘴巴形状时，常用wide和small,意为“大”和“小”。
一般不用big, big mouth是指“多嘴多舌的”。
6. 表示并列关系的词或短语时，只在最后两项之间用and连接，其余项用逗号隔开。朗读时and前用升调，and后用降调。
e.g. This boy has small face↗, big eyes↗, a big nose↗, a wide mouth↗ and small ears↘.
四、本话题的重要知识点：
1. come from = be from 来自于…
e.g. He comes from Japan. = He is from Japan.
2. in the same +单名，different +名词复数 (same前必须加the,different前不加the)
e.g. in the same class in different classes
3. it, one的用法：
it代指同一个事物. e.g. I have a new bag, it is white.
one代指同一类事物，指代单数；指代复数时用ones.
e.g. I have a big nose, but he has a small one.
She has small ears, but her mother has big ones.
4. hair用法（见三4）
5. 反义词：
big→small, old→new, long→short, same→different

Unit 2---Topic 2
一、Teaching aims:
1．识记表示颜色的单词，会用英语表述事物的颜色；
2. 能够描述人或物的相貌、衣着等的颜色；
3. 熟练使用have/has的否定形式。
二、Useful expressions:
1. --- What color is it? --- It’s +颜色.
2. --- What color are they? --- They are +颜色.
3. --- What color is his/her hair? --- It is +颜色.
4. --- What color are his/her eyes? --- They are +颜色.
6. --- What color is this dress? --- It’s +颜色.
7. --- What color are these shoes? --- They are +颜色.
8. You look the same.
9. They look different, but they are good friends.
10. We both have black hair and black eyes.
11. Please give this letter to Maria.
12. ---What does she look like?
--- She is tall like you, but she doesn’t have long hair.
13. I’ll give it to her. I don’t know her.
14. ---What’s 颜色 and 颜色？ --- It’s 颜色.
15. The girl in yellow is Maria.
He is in a black cap and blue shoes.
三、重要知识点：
1. look the same 与look like“看起来一样，看起来像”:
look the same后不跟宾语，look like后必须跟宾语
e.g. He looks like his father. They look the same.
2. both用法：指“两者都”。位于be动词后，实义动词前。
e.g. We are both students. We both have blue eyes.
3. look: 指“看某物”时，用短语look at。
e.g. Look at the picture.
系动词：look different.
4. give sth. to sb.=give sb. sth. “把某物给某人”
e.g. Please give this letter to her. (不能说give her it).
give和to后用人称代词宾格。
e.g. give it to her
5. I don’t know him/her/it/them. (动词know后跟宾格)
6. What does she look like?她长什么样？
句型：What does/do +主语+look like? “对某人长相进行提问”
7. 多个形容词修饰名词时，顺序为：数量+大小/长短+形状+颜色+名词
e.g. We have four big round red apples.
She has short blond hair. (颜色紧跟名词)
8．介词短语修饰人的用法（介词短语放在人后）：
1). in + 颜色 e.g. the gorl in yellow
2). in + a/an/the +颜色+衣服 e.g. the woman in a red coat, the girl in an orange dress
3). in +颜色+衣服复数 e.g. in blue shoes, in red pants
9. 衣服名词必须用作复数的有：shoes, pants, trousers, clothes, socks
e.g. My shoes are red. His pants are new. His clothes are here.
用在what color句型中，be动词用复数are.
e.g. ---What color are your new pants? ---They’re black.

四、作文：
描述人的相貌、衣着的作文，要求学生重点掌握，反复练习、重在落实。

Unit 2---Topic 3
一、 Teaching aims:
1.物主代词的用法
2. whose 引导的特殊疑问句
3.名词所有格
4.能用有关的形容词、物主代词和名词所有格进行日常交际，谈论事物的所。属关系。
二、Useful expressions
1.--- Whose bike is this? --- It’s Sally’s.
2.--- Is this your cap？ --- No,it’s not mine.
3.--- Whose shoes are those ? ---They are our shoes./They are ours.
4---I think it’s Kangkang’s ./ I think they’re theirs.
5.We look the same,but we are in different clothes.
6.His pants are blue and mine are white.
7.Please help us find him.
三、语法知识
1. 物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1).名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+相应的名词
e.g. my book = mine
2). 形容词性物主代词在句子中作定语，后面必须紧跟一个名词才能用
e.g. his name her book
3). 名词性物主代词本身具有名词的性质，后面不能再加名词。在句子中可以单独作主语、表语。
e.g. This book is yours(表语).
My book is new, yours is old (主语).
2. 名词所有格 （详见P114）
3. whose的用法：
1).对名词所有格提问；
2).对形容词性物主代词提问；
3).对名词性物主代词提问。
四、练习（用所给单词的适当形式填空）：
1.____(we) book are new. The new books are ____ (our).
2.____(he) bag is green. ___(he) is 12.
3.____(they) desks are all here.
____(theirs) are students.
4.This is not ___ (she) T-shirt. Please help ___ (we) find it.
5. ____(its) looks very nice, I like ____(its) color.
6. ____(I) shoes are black, ____(you) are brown.
7. It’s___________ (Li Xin and Li Yun) room.
8. These rulers are not ____(they).
9. Please help ____(she) find the pet Mimi.
10. I’ll give it to ____(he).
11. ---Is this pen ____(you)? ---No, it’s not ____(I).
12. This is not ____(she) book, ____(I) is new.
13. --- Are these ____(you) pens?
--- No, they are not ____(we). They are ____(they).
14. Please help us find ____(he).
15. ____(we) classroom is here, but ____(they) is over there.
16. I have a sister, ____(she) name is Lucy, ____(she) is from China. I like ____(she).
17. Is this bag ____(she)? No, it’s Yang Hua’s.
18. They aren’t your books, ____(you) are over there.
19. This isn’t ____(she) T-shirt. Please help ____(she) find it.
20. ____(we) school is big, but ____(you) is small.
句型转换：
21. This gilr has big eyes.
22. The boy’s hair is black.
23. Those pants are theirs.
24. Hers is the yellow T-shirt.
25. This book is Li Ming’s.
26. Whose book is this? (同义句)
27. Is this book yours? (同义句)

Unit3topic1

一 Teaching aims :
1.学习如何表达请求及爱好的句型。
2.讨论自己及朋友的相关信息。
3.学习一般现在时的构成及应用。
二．重要知识点
1．---Could you tell me your name? ---Sure .
---Could you +动原形…? ---Could you please+动原形？”我可以…吗？”
2. tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 e.g. tell us your name
3.can +动原形 e.g. He can spewak Chinese. He speaks Chinese.
4,help sb. with sth. =help sb. do sth. 帮助某人某事
help me with English =help me study English
5.a photo of ….一张···的照片 some photos of….
6. want to do sth.想做某事 want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
7. help each other相互帮助
learn from each other相互学习 learn from sb.向某人学习
8.live in +地点 e.g. Does he live in England? Where does he live?
9. 1) visit +地点/人 “参观（拜访）某地或某人”
e.g. He wants to visit Beijing. (visit在这里作动词)
2）a visit to +地点 “去某地的参观”（名词）
e.g. He will have a visit to Beijing.
10. 1). Speak +语言 2).say+具体说话的内容
3). Tell讲故事；告诉… 4).talk谈论某事
e.g. What does he say in English? He speaks Enlish.
He will tell us story. They are talking about the school life.
11. some与any的用法：
1). some一般情况下用于肯定句中，当希望得到对方肯定答复时，可以用some。 e.g. I have some bread. Would you like some bread?
2). any一般用于疑问句和否定句中。
e.g. I don’t have any pets.
12. like…a lot =like… very much非常喜欢 e.g. He likes English a lot/very much.
like…a little 喜欢…