人教版新目标英语9年级unit12单词短语复习进程.doc

人教版新目标英语9年级unit12单词短语

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新目标英语九年级第十二单元重点
单词、短语、句子和语法小结
I.重点词汇
a bit----a little on time---in time
quiz----exam at table----at the table
point at---point to----point out reach----get to----arrive at/in
except----besides with----in----by
finally----at last----in the end type----kind
habit----custom particular----special----especial
used to----be used to greet sb---say hello to sb
rude----inpolite at times----sometimes
at first----first of all beside—near---next to
II.重点词组
1. be supposed to do =should　 应该\被期望做某事
2. shake hands (with)sb　握手　　shake 本意是“摇动、震动”
3. should have done sth. “情态动词＋现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做
4. be relaxed about sth.　对某事随意、不严格　
5. make plans to do
plan to do. 打算做某事
plan on doing
6. fancy dress 聚会时所穿的奇装异服
7. a fancy dress ball 化妆舞会
8. drop by 访问　看望　拜访　串门
drop in on sb 顺便走访某人
visit sb 拜访
come over to
9. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
Sb be invited to do sth.某人被邀请做某事。
10．chopsticks 筷子　是由chop(砍)＋stick(棒)合成，
11. go out of one’s way to do 特意，专门做某事
12. make mistakes 犯错误（复数）make a mistake 犯错误（一个）
13. be different from 与…不同
14. can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事
15. learn…by oneself 自学
learn sth. by oneself 自学
teach oneself
teach +sb.+ 学科 教sb某学科
16. point to / at sb. “指”物时，只能用to，而“指”人时，to或at都可以用
17. be important to sb. 对某人来说非常重要。
18. exchange program 文化交流项目
19. drop by one's home 拜访
=drop in at+地点
20．after all 毕竟
first of all 首先
21．pick sth. up 捡起、拾起
22. make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音、制造噪音
23. table manners 餐桌礼仪
24. be\get used to sth/doing 习惯于sth/doing
be\get used to doing　习惯于…
　 be used to do 　　被用于做…
be used for doing　被用于做…
used to do 过去常常做…　

25. greet sb (in a right /wrong way ) 问侯
26. different customs 不同的风俗
27. kiss sb (on the face/cheek/forehead)
亲吻脸/脸颊/前额
28. feel/be relaxed/nervous 觉得轻松 ，紧张
29.have relaxed/strict rules 有松/紧的规则
30. the land of sth /watches …王国
31. wipe one's mouth with the napkin用纸巾插嘴
32. mind one's (table ) manners 注意…礼仪
(1)eat with hands 用手抓着吃
(2)talk at the table 在餐桌上讲话
(3)pick up one's bowl of rice 端起饭碗
(4)start eating first 先开始吃
(5)wipe one’s mouth with the napkin 用餐巾纸檫嘴
(6)make noise while eating 吃时发出声音
33.(7)stick chopsticks into the food 用筷子插进食物里
(8)point at sb with the chopsticks用筷子指向某人
(9)eat or drank while walking down the street
边走边喝
(10)put the hands in/on one's lap把手放在大腿上
(11)say you're full 说吃饱了
(12) sit down from the left side 从右手边坐下
(13) eat sth with a fork/knife/spoon/chopsticks
用（餐具）吃
feel/be full/hungry/empty 感觉很饱/饿
34. be full of sth
be filled with sth 充满/装满…

sth. occur (in sth) 某事发生
35． happen to sb 某人发生
sth. take place in 某处发生
36． give sb compliments 称赞sb
37． toast sb=make a toast to sb 向sb敬酒
38． be unfamiliar to sb/sth 熟悉
39． Questions crowded my mind . 我脑袋里充满问题
40．be crowded with people 挤满了人
41．take out the rubbish/junk/garbage/litter/trash
把垃圾拿出去
drop litter about 乱丢垃圾
42． seek sb/sth 寻找sb.\sth
（I seek you = i c q 我找你）
43． e-mail chat line 网上聊天热线
44． have online conversations with friends
和朋友上网聊天
45． form good habits 养成好习惯
46. combine A to B 把A和B结合
42. show the emotion you are feeling
把你正感觉着的感情表现出来
e-mail sb /a friend (v ) 传送电子邮件给sb
43. send an e-mail to sb (n)
e-mail English 电子邮件英语
44．at the proper/right time 在合适的时间
45． cut in line = jump in a queue 插队
46．wait in line = wait in a queue 排队等待
47．arrive a bit / a little late 迟到一点点
48．as many \much + n(s) as I can / possible尽可能多的……
49. be + 分钟 + late 迟到(多久)
50. get/be angry with sb. 对sb生气
get/be angry at sth 对某事生气
51. a disaster 一个灾难
52. wear the wrong clothes 穿错衣服
53. be excited about sth. 对sth很激动
54. leave for + 目的地 离开去sp
55. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做sth
Sb allow doing sth 某人允许做某事
56. what's more 而且
57. thanks for doing sth 为….感谢
58. host family 房东家
59. find/feel it+adj.+to do sth. 发现\感觉做sth…
60. have a good school year 有一个好学年
61. give sb. lesson on sth. 给sb上关于…的课
62. be made in + 地点 由某地制造
be made of / from 由….制成
63. in a western restaurant 在一个西餐厅
64. eat with + 餐具 用….来吃
65. begin with 从…..开始
66. in the traditional way 用传统的方法
67. make faces 做鬼脸
68. send a message to sb. on a mobile phone
用手机发短息给sb
69. save time 省时
70. written English 书面英语
71. stick…into… 把。。。。。插进
72．send a message to 发\送信息给。。。。
73. introduce sb to sb
Make sb known to sb 介绍某人给某人
74．Wave one’s hand goodbye to sb 向某人挥手告别

III.重点句子
1.       You’re supposed to shake hands.
2.       You should have asked what you’re supposed to wear.
3.       Spending time with friends and family is very important to us.
4.       It’s very important to be on time.
5.       We usually plan to do something interesting.
6.       Thanks for your message.
7.       They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
8.       My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
9.       I find it difficult to remember everything.
10.   I don’t find them so strange any more.
11.   People can use their computers to talk to each other.
12.   Using e-mail English helps you write quickly.
13.   CLS means can’t help laughing.
IV.话题语法
   直接引语怎样变为间接引语
直接引用别人原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语常用宾语从句表达。直接引语前后要用引号，间接引语不用引号。
He Said: “I have seen the film.”　他说：“我已经看过这部电影。”（直接引语）
He said that he had seen the film.　 他说他已经看过这部电影了。（间接引语）

怎样把直接引语改为间接引语?
１．根据意思改变人称。
如：They said, “We are busy now.”　 （直接引语）
They said that they were busy then.　　（间接引语）
一般来说第三人称代词常常不变，第一人称一般变为第二人称。
２．若主句的谓语是过去时态，直接引语改为间接引语时，要调整时态。
直接引语　　　　　　　　　　间接引语
现在时　　　　　　　　　　 过去时
过去时　　　　　　　　　　　过去完成时（少数不变）
现在完成时　　　　　　　　　过去完成时
现在进行时　　　　　　　　　过去进行时
一般将来时　　　　　　　　　过去将来时
过去完成时　　　　　　　　　不变
现在完成进行时　　　　　 过去完成进行时
由上述内容可知，时态的变化都是由现在的某个时态而变成了达去的某个时态。要特别注意，客观真理以及过去完成时在改为间接引语时，不需作时态调整。
３．指示代词，进间状语也要作调整。
直接引语　　　　　　　　　　　　　　间接引语
this　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that
these　　　　　　　　　　　　　 those
now　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 then
today　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that day
tonight　　　　　　　　　　　　 that night
tomorrow　　　　　　　　　　　　the next (following) day(month, year)
yesterday　　　　　　　　　　　 the day before
yesterday afternoon　　　　　　 the afternoon before
last year (month)　　　　　 the year (month) before
ago　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before
here　　　　　　　　　　　　　　there
注：动词（come）也常变为go
４．若直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，用连词that引导（口语中常省略），其它作相应的变化。
He said, “I’ve just got a letter from my sister.”
He said he had just got a letter from his sister.
需要说明的是，若引号里是两句话，改为间接引语后，第二句前也要用that连接起来。
“He was here a few weeks ago, and he came again yesterday.” she said.
She said that he had been there a few weeks before, and that he had come again the day before.
５．若直接引语为一般疑问句（原为倒装语序），改为间接引语时要用陈述句的语序而且还要加连词if 或whether引出。注意whether后还可跟or或or nor ，但if 不能。Whether可用在介词后或带to的不定式前面，而if不能。但若宾语从句为否定句时，常用if而不用whether。
He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”
He asked me whether I was a teacher or a student.
注：如果主句中的谓语为said，改为间接引语时要用asked，无间接宾语，要适当加一个me，us，him等。如：
He said, “ Are you ready?”
He asked me if I was ready.
６．若直接引语为特殊疑问句，间接引语就要使用疑问词引出，而且要用陈述句语序。
“What are you doing here?” the guard said to us.
The guard asked us what we were doing there.
７．当直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语要改为带复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）的句子，宾补用不定式表示。
即：ask (tell, order, beg, etc) someone (not) to do something。注意不要用said。
“Don’t mention it again,” the said to her husband.
She asked her husband not to mention it again
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8.当主句为过去时的时候，从句一定要是过去时态的一种（客观事实，真理除外）
例如：he says that he is a good one.
当主句变成he said是，这个句子要变成：
He said that he was a good one.
基本变化是 现在时变成过去时   现在进行时变成过去进行时 现在完成时变成过去完成时 一般将来时变成 过去将来时。
9.当主句是一般现在时的时候，从句可以是任何一种时态（要根据实际情况选择）
例如;  he says that he ________(come)back last night.
       he says that he ________(come)back tomorrow.
这两个句子基本一样，主句都是现在时。但从句的时间不同，答案就分别是 came 和 will come
等这些基础知识都明白了后，还要注意时间上的变化细节，暂时可不做考虑。
最后  祝你学习进步！
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