必修4英语unit-4词汇-短语详解-练习题学习资料.doc

必修4 英语unit4 body language词汇短语详解重点短语defend against_be likely tot_in generalt_at ease_，lose face_，turn ones back to_be curious about sth_.，major in_，on the contrary_approach to (doing) sth._，watch/look out_，on the contrary_.重点短语1greet sb. sth.以问候某人 2kiss sb. the cheek轻吻某人的面颊3nod sb.向某人点头 4get know逐渐了解5 language口语 6be to do.很可能 7 general总的来说 8defend 保卫以免受9put sb. ease使某人自在；舒适 10lose 丢脸11.be curious 12.apologize sb for sth 因某事而向某人道歉13. the contrary 相反地 14,shake hands sb 同某人握手15.trun ones back sb 背对，背弃.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)1_adj.好奇的be_ 对好奇2_ vt.保卫；保护 _. _捍卫以(免受)3_adj.可能的be_ 很可能；有希望4in general总的来说；通常_一般来说_5ease n安逸；舒适；vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)_自由自在_6._vt. & vi.靠近；走近；n.方法；途径draw near/be on the way/around the corner (时刻)马上来临7_adj.主观的 _adj.客观的neutral adj.中立的.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)1state vt.陈述_n陈述_2defend vt.保护；保卫_n保卫_3_vt.误解；误会 n误解4face n脸_adj.面部的_.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)1I was_(迎接) by a girl _(代表) the _(社团) and her pleasant smile really put me_(舒适)2_(通常), friends _(也很可能) have (误会), but we dont use our_(拳头) or _(背对) each other.3 When crossing the forest, I felt something _(靠近)I picked up a stick to (保护) myself.Luckily, it only smelled _(好奇地) and then left.What a relief!4Sometimes，_(面部的) expressions_(起作用) better than_(口语的) language.5Suddenly, a girl student_(猛冲) into the _(食堂) and _(拥抱) the mother and kissed her on the _(面颊)1. likely adj.可能的联想拓展sb be likely to do sth 某人可能做某事be not likely to do很有可能不做某事It is likely that. 可能It is likely for sb. to do sth.某人有可能做某事not likely(表示坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会Are you likely to be in London this year?今年你可能去伦敦吗？Its very likely that he will go abroad.He is likely to go abroad.他很可能要出国。思维拓展】(1)It is possible for sb. to do sth.某人可能做某事(2)It is possible/probablethatclause可能(3)There is a possibility/no possibilitythatclause有可能/不可能(4)There is a (good) chance/much chancethatclause很有可能(5)There are chancesthatclause有可能【易错提示】在运用这些表示可能性的句型时，应注意possible和probable只能用在以it作形式主语的句型中，其主语不能是人；而likely所引导的结构主语可以是人也可以是物或形式主语it。2.represent vt.代表;表现;描绘;象征;声称;说明归纳拓展 represent to.向表示；交涉(1)represent sth./sb.象征某物/代表某人represent sb.as/to be .把某人描绘成 ;宣称某人为 represent oneself as/to be自称是，声称represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事，向某人描绘某事(2) representation n. 表现，描述，描绘；表现形式make representations to.与进行交涉；向提出抗议(3) representative n代表;代理人 adj.典型的;代理的be representative of 是的代表，是中典型的be typical of是的代表，是中典型的 stand for代表；象征on behalf of sb.on sb.s behalf代表某人；为了某人；代替某人(1)完成句子He , but now we know the truth.他自称是工人们的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。Ill .我要向他指出他所面临的险境。He represented that .他自称他参加过淮海战役。She represented .她把她的弟弟描绘成一个傻瓜。Let me represent .让我用另一种方式向你说明我的想法。3curious adj.有好奇心的；有求知欲的；感兴趣的归纳拓展(1)be curious about sth.对某事感到好奇be curious to do sth.极想做某事Its curious that.很奇怪(2)curiously adv.好奇地；奇异地，奇怪地curiosity n好奇心；好奇；珍品，奇事in/with curiositycuriously好奇地from/out of curiosity 出于好奇meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心As a little girl，she was curious about the origin of human beings.她还是个小女孩时，就对人类的起源产生了兴趣。He gave in to _and opened my letter.他抵不住好奇心，拆开了我的信。4. defend vt.保护；保卫归纳拓展(1)defend sb./sth.from/against sb./sth.保护某人(某物)免受伤害；保卫某人(某物)defend oneself against sth.为自己辩护defence n保卫；保护；辩护；答辩Its the glorious duty for every soldier to defend our country against enemies .卫国抗敌是每个士兵应尽的光荣职责。All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。同类辨析 defend，guard与protect三者都含有“保护”之意。(1)defend指“保卫”、“防御”，指抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击，应用范围很广，对象可以是具体的，也可以是抽象的。(2)guard指“保卫”、“守卫”，指注意观察、戒备，以免受可能的攻击或伤害。(3)protect指“保护”，以免遭受危险或伤害等。Troops have been sent to defend the borders.已派出部队去守卫边疆。The dog was guarding its owners luggage.那只狗守护着主人的行李。They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.他们挤在一起，免受风吹。5. major .adj.较大的(large)；主要的(important)；n.少校；专业；主修科目(the main subject or course)；v.主修，专攻(study.as your main subject)major in主修in a/the majority占大多数have a majority over sb.战胜某人by/with a majority of以大多数赢得the majority of hospitals most of the hospitals 大多数医院(1) 句型转换 (2) When in university，he majored in English.When in university， .1)major没有比较级和最高级形式。2)the majority作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。6avoid vt.避免；消除联想拓展avoid sth.避免某事avoid sb.避开某人avoid doing sth.逃避做某事You should avoid being late for your class.你不要误了上课。I tried to avoid answering him.我设法避免回答他的问题。7similar adj.相似的；类似的联想拓展be similar to sb./sth.与某人或某物相似be similar in sth.在方面相似be different from和不同be the same as和一样be popular with受欢迎的be familiar with熟悉We have similar tastes in music.我们在音乐方面爱好相似。Gold is similar in colour to brass.金与黄铜的颜色相似。The brothers look very similar.他们兄弟看上去很相似。8 agreement n.协议;一致;同意disagreement n.不同意归纳总结reach/come to/arrive at/make an agreement达成协议sign/break an agreement签定/违反协议under an agreement根据协议in agreement (with)(意见等)一致agree vt. & vi.同意disagree v.不同意agree with sb./ones mind (thought, idea, method.) 同意某人/某人的意见(想法,主意,办法等)agree to a(n) plan/proposal/agreement/sb.s doing sth.同意计划/建议/协议/某人做某事 agree on/upon sth.就某事达成协议agree with与一致；(气候、食物等)适合agree with sb.to do sth.同意某人做某事agree to do sth.同意做某事1)他们撕毁了与我们的协议。 They have _ us. (2)双方商定了谈判的日期。 The two sides have _ the date of negotiations. 9. association n. 社团; 联系;联想 associate 1) vt. 把（A和B)联想在一起 A with B We turkey with Thanksgiving . 2) 使有关系,有联系 oneself with be associated with我想和他合作这项工程 I _ _ _ him in the project. was associated with/ associated myself withvt. （与） 为友，交往，结交 associate withHe seems to associate with criminals.翻译My association with him can go back to our days in high school.10. in general总的来说；通常联想拓展general knowledge常识generally adv. 一般地；大体上；普遍地；通常generally speaking 一般来说as a general role 一般而言；在通常情况下on the whole 总的来说in a word 总之in short 简而言之in short/brief/sum简而言之，总之to put it simply简单地说in conclusion总而言之all in all总的来说我们正努力从总体上增强环境意识，特别是提高对空气污染的意识。Were trying to raise awareness about the environment _ _ and air pollution in particular.一般来说，立体声音响越贵越好。_ _ ,the more expensive the stereo，the better it is.11. turn ones back to背对；背弃(reject)联想拓展 turn in hand in上交turn against背叛；(情况等)对不利turn away把打发走 turn to 转向；求助turn out 证明是；结果是(无被动语态)；出席turn up 出现(无被动语态)；调大(音量等)turn down 拒绝；调小(音量等)turn back往回走；折回 get back恢复；取回fight back还击；还手 take back收回bring back归还 look back回头看完成句子He went over to say hello to her, but she him.他走过去向她问候，但是她不理睬他。I .我收回刚说的话。他走过去向她问候，但是她不理睬他。He went over to say hello to her，_ _ _ _ _ _ _.尽管我们很担心，但一切顺利。Despite our worries，everything_ _ _.他捡到一块手表，交给了老师。He picked up a watch and _ _to the teacher.尽管我等了一小时，他仍然没出现。Though I waited for an hour，_ _ _.12lose face丢脸归纳拓展1)lose face为固定短语，face前不加任何冠词、物主代词等。2)lose ones face失去面子 save ones face 挽回面子归纳拓展face to face 面对面(作状语) (with sb./sth.)面对面地facetoface面对面的(作定语)in (the) face of 面对(问题、困难或危险等)make a face/faces at向扮鬼脸to ones face当着某人的面on the face of it从表面上看；乍看起来3)face the enemy毅然面对敌人face danger/difficulties面临危险/困难be faced with面临，面对【思维拓展】lose heart灰心丧气lose ones heart to倾心于；爱上lose balance失衡 lose ones way迷路lose memory失忆 lose no time刻不容缓face up to勇敢面对 in(the) face of面对face to face面对面地 make a face/faces做鬼脸be faced with面对He doesnt want to back down and risk losing face.他不想打退堂鼓，怕会丢脸。Rather than admit failure，Frank made a face in order to save face.弗兰克为了保全面子,没有承认失败, 而是做了个鬼脸。Ive never met her face to face. Weve only talked on the phone.我从没有当面见过她.我们只在电话中交谈过She is faced with a difficult decision.她面临艰难的选择。In order not to _，he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of the next day.为了不丢脸，他为第二天的演讲准备了一晚上。_ with so much difficulty，the whole group was in disappointment.He is afraid of losing face.他怕丢面子。13put up举起，升起，张贴；搭建；留宿；提出【思维拓展】put up with忍受put aside储存备用；留下put down放下；记下；写下；镇压put off推迟；延期put out扑灭；生产；出版Put up your hand if you have any questions.有问题请举手。Many high buildings have been put up there.那里建起了许多高楼。Theyll put up at a hotel for the night.他们将在旅馆住一夜。I cant put up with these insults any more.我无法再忍受这样的侮辱了。14in most cases在大多数情况下；在大多数场合下In most cases, he would be in time for everything.在大多数情况下，他做什么都很及时。Journalists have a sixth sense of news in most cases.在多数情况下记者们对新闻有第六感觉。【思维拓展】(1)in any case无论如何；总之In any case, youll have to be at the station by 8 oclock.无论如何，你必须在八点前到达车站。(2)in case万一；如果；以防In case he comes, please let me know.要是他来，请通知我。(3)in case of万一；以防Please take an umbrella in case of rain.请带把雨伞以防下雨。(4)in that/this case如果那/这样It may rain tomorrow. In that case, the sports meeting will be put off.明天可能会下雨。如果那样，运动会就推迟。(5)in no case在任何情况下都不(置于句首时句子的主谓要采用部分倒装结构)In no case are you to leave your post.在任何情况下你都不能擅离职守。答案：（1）完成句子represent1. represented himself as a friend to the workers2. Represent to him the risk he is running3. He had fought in the HuaiHai Campaign4. Her little brother as a fool5. My ideas to you in another way5