必修4英语unit-4词汇-短语详解-练习题学习资料.doc

必修4 英语unit4 body language词汇短语详解
重点短语
defend against______________be likely tot______________in generalt_____________________
at ease______________，lose face______________，turn one's back to____________________
be curious about sth______________.，major in______________，on the contrary___________
approach to (doing) sth.______________，watch/look out______________，
on the contrary_______________________
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．greet sb. sth.以……问候某人 2．kiss sb. the cheek轻吻某人的面颊
3．nod sb.向某人点头 4．get know逐渐了解
5． language口语 6．be to do...很可能……
7． general总的来说 8．defend 保卫……以免受
9．put sb. ease使某人自在；舒适 10．lose 丢脸
11.be curious 12.apologize sb for sth 因某事而向某人道歉
13. the contrary 相反地 14,shake hands sb 同某人握手
15.trun one`s back sb 背对，背弃

Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．__________________adj.好奇的→be__________________ 对……好奇
2．__________________ vt.保卫；保护→ ___________... _____________捍卫……以(免受)
3．__________________adj.可能的→be__________________ 很可能……；有希望……
4．in general总的来说；通常→__________________一般来说__________________
5．ease n．安逸；舒适；vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)→________________自由自在_________________
6.__________________vt. & vi.靠近；走近；n.方法；途径→draw near/be on the way/around the corner (时刻)马上来临
7．__________________adj.主观的→ __________________adj.客观的→neutral adj.中立的
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．state vt.陈述→__________________n．陈述__________________
2．defend vt.保护；保卫→__________________n．保卫__________________
3．__________________vt.误解；误会→ n．误解
4．face n．脸→__________________adj.面部的__________________
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．I was__________________(迎接) by a girl __________________(代表) the _______________
 (社团) and her pleasant smile really put me__________________(舒适)．
2．__________________(通常), friends __________________(也很可能……) have 　　　　　　　　　(误会), but we don’t use our_______________(拳头) or __________________(背对) each other.
3． When crossing the forest, I felt something __________________(靠近)．I picked up a stick to 　　　　　　(保护) myself.Luckily, it only smelled __________________(好奇地) and then left.What a relief!
4．Sometimes，__________________(面部的) expressions__________________(起作用) better than__________________(口语的) language.
5．Suddenly, a girl student__________________(猛冲) into the __________________(食堂) and __________________(拥抱) the mother and kissed her on
the __________________(面颊)．
1. likely adj.可能的
联想拓展
sb be likely to do sth 某人可能做某事
be not likely to do很有可能不做某事
It is likely that... 可能……
It is likely for sb. to do sth.某人有可能做某事
not likely(表示坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会
Are you likely to be in London this year?
今年你可能去伦敦吗？
It's very likely that he will go abroad.
＝He is likely to go abroad.
他很可能要出国。

思维拓展】
(1)It is possible for sb. to do sth.某人可能做某事
(2)It is possible/probable＋that­clause可能……
(3)There is a possibility/no possibility＋that­clause有可能/不可能……
(4)There is a (good) chance/much chance＋that­clause很有可能……
(5)There are chances＋that­clause有可能……
【易错提示】
在运用这些表示可能性的句型时，应注意possible和probable只能用在以it作形式主语的句型中，其主语不能是人；而likely所引导的结构主语可以是人也可以是物或形式主语it。

2.represent vt.代表;表现;描绘;象征;声称;说明
归纳拓展 represent to...向……表示；交涉(1)represent sth./sb.象征某物/代表某人
represent sb.as/to be ...把某人描绘成… ;宣称某人为…
represent oneself as/to be自称是，声称
represent sth.to sb.向某人说明某事，向某人描绘某事
(2) representation n. 表现，描述，描绘；表现形式
make representations to...与……进行交涉；向……提出抗议
(3) representative n．代表;代理人 adj.典型的;代理的
be representative of 是……的代表，是……中典型的
＝be typical of是……的代表，是……中典型的
stand for代表；象征
on behalf of sb.＝on sb.’s behalf代表某人；为了某人；代替某人
(1)完成句子
①He , but now we know the truth.
他自称是工人们的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。
②I’ll .
我要向他指出他所面临的险境。
③He represented that .
他自称他参加过淮海战役。
④She represented .
她把她的弟弟描绘成一个傻瓜。
⑤Let me represent .
让我用另一种方式向你说明我的想法。
3．curious adj.有好奇心的；有求知欲的；感兴趣的
归纳拓展
(1)be curious about sth.对某事感到好奇
be curious to do sth.极想做某事
It's curious that...……很奇怪
(2)curiously adv.好奇地；奇异地，奇怪地
curiosity n．好奇心；好奇；珍品，奇事
in/with curiosity＝curiously好奇地
from/out of curiosity 出于好奇
meet/satisfy one‘s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
As a little girl，she was curious about the origin of human beings.她还是个小女孩时，就对人类的起源产生了兴趣。
He gave in to _________and opened my letter.
他抵不住好奇心，拆开了我的信。
4. defend vt.保护；保卫
归纳拓展
(1)defend sb./sth.from/against sb./sth.保护某人(某物)免受伤害；保卫某人(某物)
defend oneself against sth.为自己辩护
defence n．保卫；保护；辩护；答辩
It's the glorious duty for every soldier to defend our country against enemies .卫国抗敌是每个士兵应尽的光荣职责。
All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
同类辨析 defend，guard与protect
三者都含有“保护”之意。
(1)defend指“保卫”、“防御”，指抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击，应用范围很广，对象可以是具体的，也可以是抽象的。
(2)guard指“保卫”、“守卫”，指注意观察、戒备，以免受可能的攻击或伤害。
(3)protect指“保护”，以免遭受危险或伤害等。
Troops have been sent to defend the borders.
已派出部队去守卫边疆。
The dog was guarding its owner's luggage.
那只狗守护着主人的行李。
They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind.他们挤在一起，免受风吹。
5. major .adj.较大的(large)；主要的(important)；
n.少校；专业；主修科目(the main subject or course)；
v.主修，专攻(study...as your main subject)
major in主修……
in a/the majority占大多数
have a majority over sb.战胜某人
by/with a majority of以大多数……赢得……
the majority of hospitals ＝ most of the hospitals 大多数医院

(1) 句型转换
(2) When in university，he majored in English.
→When in university， .
1)major没有比较级和最高级形式。
2)the majority作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。
6．avoid vt.避免；消除
联想拓展
avoid sth.避免某事
avoid sb.避开某人
avoid doing sth.逃避做某事

You should avoid being late for your class.
你不要误了上课。
I tried to avoid answering him.
我设法避免回答他的问题。
7．similar adj.相似的；类似的
联想拓展
be similar to sb./sth.与某人或某物相似
be similar in sth.在……方面相似
be different from和……不同
be the same as和……一样
be popular with受欢迎的
be familiar with熟悉……
We have similar tastes in music.
我们在音乐方面爱好相似。
Gold is similar in colour to brass.
金与黄铜的颜色相似。
The brothers look very similar.
他们兄弟看上去很相似。
8 agreement n.协议;一致;同意disagreement n.不同意
归纳总结
reach/come to/arrive at/make an agreement达成协议
sign/break an agreement签定/违反协议
under an agreement根据协议
in agreement (with)(意见等)一致
agree vt. & vi.同意disagree v.不同意
agree with sb./one’s mind (thought, idea, method...) 同意某人/某人的意见(想法,主意,办法等)
agree to a(n) plan/proposal/agreement/sb.’s
doing sth.同意计划/建议/协议/某人做某事
agree on/upon sth.就某事达成协议
agree with与……一致；(气候、食物等)适合……
agree with sb.to do sth.同意某人做某事
agree to do sth.同意做某事
1)他们撕毁了与我们的协议。
They have ______________________ us.
(2)双方商定了谈判的日期。
The two sides have __________ the date of
negotiations.
9. association n. 社团; 联系;联想
associate 1) vt. 把（A和B)联想在一起
~ A with B
We ~ turkey with Thanksgiving .
2) 使……有关系,有联系
~ oneself with be associated with
我想和他合作这项工程
I __ ___ ____ him in the project.
was associated with/
associated myself with
vt. （与…） 为友，交往，结交 associate with
He seems to associate with criminals.
翻译
My association with him can go back to our days in high school.
10. in general总的来说；通常
联想拓展
general knowledge常识
generally adv. 一般地；大体上；普遍地；通常
generally speaking 一般来说
as a general role 一般而言；在通常情况下
on the whole 总的来说
in a word 总之
in short 简而言之
in short/brief/sum简而言之，总之
to put it simply简单地说
in conclusion总而言之
all in all总的来说
②我们正努力从总体上增强环境意识，特别是提高对空气污染的意识。
We're trying to raise awareness about the environment _____ _____ and air pollution in particular.
③一般来说，立体声音响越贵越好。
________ ________ ,the more expensive the stereo，the better it is.

11. turn one‘s back to背对；背弃(reject)
联想拓展 turn in ＝hand in上交
turn against背叛；(情况等)对……不利
turn away把……打发走 turn to 转向；求助
turn out 证明是；结果是(无被动语态)；出席
turn up 出现(无被动语态)；调大(音量等)
turn down 拒绝；调小(音量等)
turn back往回走；折回 get back恢复；取回
fight back还击；还手 take back收回
bring back归还 look back回头看
完成句子
①He went over to say hello to her, but she him.
他走过去向她问候，但是她不理睬他。
②I .
我收回刚说的话。
②他走过去向她问候，但是她不理睬他。
He went over to say hello to her，________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ __.
③尽管我们很担心，但一切顺利。
Despite our worries，everything________ ________ __.
④他捡到一块手表，交给了老师。
He picked up a watch and _______ __to the teacher.
⑤尽管我等了一小时，他仍然没出现。
Though I waited for an hour，________ ________ ____.
12．lose face丢脸
归纳拓展
1)lose face为固定短语，face前不加任何冠词、物主代词等。
2)lose one's face失去面子 save one's face 挽回面子
归纳拓展
face to face 面对面(作状语) (with sb./sth.)面对面地
face­to­face面对面的(作定语)
in (the) face of 面对(问题、困难或危险等)
make a face/faces at向……扮鬼脸
to one’s face当着某人的面
on the face of it从表面上看；乍看起来
3)face the enemy毅然面对敌人
face danger/difficulties面临危险/困难
be faced with面临，面对
【思维拓展】
lose heart灰心丧气　　　
lose one's heart to倾心于；爱上
lose balance失衡
lose one's way迷路
lose memory失忆
lose no time刻不容缓
face up to勇敢面对
in(the) face of面对
face to face面对面地
make a face/faces做鬼脸
be faced with面对
He doesn't want to back down and risk losing face.
他不想打退堂鼓，怕会丢脸。
Rather than admit failure，Frank made a face in order to save face.
弗兰克为了保全面子,没有承认失败, 而是做了个鬼脸。
I've never met her face to face. We've only talked on the phone.我从没有当面见过她.我们只在电话中交谈过
She is faced with a difficult decision.
她面临艰难的选择。
①In order not to ________，he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of the next day.
为了不丢脸，他为第二天的演讲准备了一晚上。
②________ with so much difficulty，the whole group was in disappointment.
He is afraid of losing face.他怕丢面子。
13．put up举起，升起，张贴；搭建；留宿；提出
【思维拓展】
put up with忍受
put aside储存备用；留下
put down放下；记下；写下；镇压
put off推迟；延期
put out扑灭；生产；出版
Put up your hand if you have any questions.
有问题请举手。
Many high buildings have been put up there.
那里建起了许多高楼。
They'll put up at a hotel for the night.
他们将在旅馆住一夜。
I can’t put up with these insults any more.
我无法再忍受这样的侮辱了。
14．in most cases在大多数情况下；在大多数场合下
In most cases, he would be in time for everything.
在大多数情况下，他做什么都很及时。
Journalists have a sixth sense of news in most cases.
在多数情况下记者们对新闻有第六感觉。
【思维拓展】
(1)in any case无论如何；总之
In any case, you'll have to be at the station by 8 o'clock.
无论如何，你必须在八点前到达车站。
(2)in case万一；如果；以防
In case he comes, please let me know.
要是他来，请通知我。
(3)in case of万一；以防
Please take an umbrella in case of rain.
请带把雨伞以防下雨。
(4)in that/this case如果那/这样
It may rain tomorrow. In that case, the sports meeting will be put off.
明天可能会下雨。如果那样，运动会就推迟。
(5)in no case在任何情况下都不(置于句首时句子的主谓要采用部分倒装结构)
In no case are you to leave your post.
在任何情况下你都不能擅离职守。
答案：（1）完成句子
represent
1. represented himself as a friend to the workers
2. Represent to him the risk he is running
3. He had fought in the HuaiHai Campaign
4. Her little brother as a fool
5. My ideas to you in another way

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