高考英语三大从句复习讲解学习.docx

高考英语三大从句复习

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高考英语三大从句复习

一、 专题详解
一、名词性从句 解题技巧
1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。 
2.连接词的特点： 
that没有意义，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分； 
  whether, if 表“是否”，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分； 
  what, which, how, where, when, whatever等，有各自的意义，在从句中担任成分。 
3. that 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时不省略；有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略；引导的宾语从句中含有从句时，也不省略。 
4. 介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语；某些动词enjoy, hate, have, like, love, appreciate, take也不能接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语。 如：You may rely on it that he will come on time. 5. reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导。 
6.doubt 在肯定句中其后的宾语从句常用whether, if 引导；doubt在否定和疑问句中其后的宾语从句常用that引导。 
如：There is some doubt ___whether_______ he will come tomorrow. 
7. 与if相比较，whether 引导所有名词性从句，也可用于连接介词后的宾语从句，可以discuss, decide 后引导宾语从句，还可与or not 连用。 
*考题检验 
1. __________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. 
2. There is clear evidence ________ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 
3. World Aids day is also important in reminding us that HIV has not gone away, and _______ there are many things still to be done. 
4. News came from the school office _________ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. 5. I was close to being killed the other day. A car passed me at ________ I thought was a dangerous speed. 
6. There is no doubt _________ John will support you. 
7. Could I speak to ________ is in charge of International Sales please? 
8. We have offered her the job, but I don’t know _________ she will accept it. 
9. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ________ to read fast. 
10. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ________ he never finish anything. 
答案：1,what 2. that  3. that 4. that 5. what 6.that 7. whoever 8. whether/if 9. how 10. why  

二、定语从句  解题技巧
1. 正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。 
2. 引导词的特点： 
  *关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose； 关系副词when, where, why 和that。（略） 
 *that既指人又指物，先行词是everything, all等或有 the first, the most, the very 等修饰时都能用，所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险，但以下情况不能用，切记：   a. 在非限制性定语从句中（从句前面有逗号与主句隔开），用which或who, whom;   b. 前面有介词时，用which 或whom; 
  c. 前面的先行词是anyone, those 时， 用who； 
  *as 和which 可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子（which有时也仅仅指代主句的一
个词和一部分）。which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后，as 引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。另外，以下短语几乎成为固定搭配：as is often the case, as is known to all, as is hoped, as is natural, as is reported, as has been said, as we know。 
  *当先行词为case, situation, condition, point 时， 且从句不缺少主要成分，用where引导；而
出现occasion常用when; 
  *比较： 
   a. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________ are boys.    
b. There are 20 people in the bus, most of ________boys. 
   c. There are 20 people in the bus and most of _______ are boys.    
  key: whom/ them/them   
* 比较： 
   a. ______ is known to us all, the earth goes around the sun. 
   b. ______ is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun. 
   c. ______ is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.  
Key: As/ What/It   
*比较： 
   a. He is one of the students who _____ (praise) by the teacher. 
   b. He is the only one of the students who ______(praise) by the teacher.  
Key: were praised/was praised   
* 比较： 
   a. Rose is such a kind girl ______ will surely give others help if possible. 
   b. Rose is such a kind girl ______ she has won a high reputation in our class.  
Key:as/that  

三、状语从句和连词    解题技巧 
1. 熟悉状语从句的分类，熟悉每个连词的语义和语用特征，尤其是：as, since的灵活运用；before, until, unless, while, as, if, in case 这些难以区分的词。  
2. 区分常用的含时间状语的句型，如 It’s/It has been + 一段时间+ since…;  It is/was +具体时间+ when…;    It will be/was +一段时间+before…;   It is/was + 时间状语+ that… 
3. before sb. knew it (不知不觉)     Before I could say a word(还来不及说什么)    before long(不久以后) 
4. be on the point of doing…when…; be about to do …when…; be doing … when…; had just done… when…
5. as 作连词可以表“因为”，“当…时候”，“照..那样”，“尽管”； 表“作为”时是一个介词。 
6. No sooner… than…; Hardly … when…;
填入适当的连接词：
1.________ I’m unhappy, he cheers me up.
2. If you work with a strong will, you will overcome any difficulty, ________ great it is.
3. A new school was built ________ there had been a wasteland.
4. ________ you’ve got such a golden chance, why not make the best of it?
5. A whole month had passed _______ she fully recovered.
6. I was having dinner ________ I heard a knock at the door.
7. I heard a knock at the door _______ I was having dinner.
8. He had just finished the book ________ supper was served.
9. I won’t tell him the correct answer even _______ I know it. I don’t like him.
10. He was talking as __________ he knew everything about it.
11. _________ the day went by, the weather got worse.
12. I had no sooner gone into the classroom ________ the bell rang.
13. Roses need special care so _________ they can live through winter.
14. You will succeed in the end ________ you give up halfway.
15. Tom didn’t go to bed _________ his mother came back from work.
参考答案
1. whenever 2. however/ no matter how 3. where 4. Since/ Now that 5. before 6. when
7. when/ while /as 8. when 9. if/ whether 10. if/ whether 11. As 12. than 13. that 14, unless.
15. until

练习
A. 状语从句：
1. ---- I wonder how much you charge for your services.
----- The first two are free ________ the third costs $30.
A. While B. until C. when D. before
2. You may use the room as you like ______ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if
3. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _____ it got any better.
A. When B. how C. why D. if
4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
5. She had just finished her homework _________ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
A. when B. while C. after D. since
6. _____________ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it.
A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as
7. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night
A. if B. when C. which D. since
8. _______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until
9. According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ______ a woman.
A. than B. such C. so D. as
10. Some of you may have finished unit one . ______, you can go on to unit two.
A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so
参考答案：
1-5 ABDDA 6-10 ABBDD
B. 名词性从句：
1. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ____ it takes to save her life.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever
2. Many young people in the West are expected to leave ______ could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
3. The fact has worried many scientists ________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A. what B. which C. that D. though
4. Could I speak to ___ is in charge of International Sales please?
A. Who B. what C. whoever D. whatever
5. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _____ she was and wait for her mother.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
6. The how-to-book can be of help to _____ wants to do the job.
A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever
7. It is not immediately clear ______ the financial crisis will soon be over.
A. since B. what C. when D. whether.
8. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _____ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
9. News came from the school office ________ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
10. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.
A. as B. which C. whether D. that
参考答案：
1-5　 CDCCA 　　6-10 　DDDCD　
C. 定语从句：
1. Many children, _________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom
2. ---- What do you think of teaching , Bob?
---- I found it fun and challenging. It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. can
3. The way _____ the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
A. How B. which C. where D. \
4. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
5. They’ve won the last three matches, _______ I found a bit surprising actually.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
6. She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before.
A. Them B. who C. whom D. these
7. My friend showed me around the town, _______ was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
8. Whenever I met her , _______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A, who B. which C. when D. that
9. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
10. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.
A. where B. when C. there D. which
参考答案：
1-5 BADDD　　　 6-10 CABCA　　　
D. 综合训练
01 There are altogether eleven books on the shelf，___five are mine．
A．on which B．in which C．of which D．from which
02 The road is covered with snow．I can’t understand ____they insist on going by motorbike．
A．why B．whether C．when D．how/a
03 You can eat food free in my restaurant ____you like．
A．whenever B．wherever C．Whatever D．however
04 I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesn’t matter ____ I’m talking to．
A．who is it B．who it is C．it is who D．it is whom
05 Parents are taught to understand ____important education is to their children’s future．
A．that B．how C．such D．so
06 There are two buildings; ____stands nearly a hundred feet high．
A．the larger B．the larger of them C．the larger one that D．the larger of which
07 You should try to get a good night’s sleep ____much work you have to do．
A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever
08 What surprised me was not what he said but ___he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
09 We were told that we should follow the main road ____we reached the central railway station.
A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever
10 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%____are sold abroad.
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
11 Anyway, that evening, ____I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
A. when B. where C. what D. which
12 ___ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
13 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ____the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which
14 The English play ___my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success．
A．for which B．at which C．in which D．on which
15 Roses need special care ___they can live through winter．
A．because B．so that C．even if D．as
16 You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this is ____I disagree．
A．why B．where C．what D．how
17 There were dirty marks on her trousers ____she had wiped her hands．
A．where B．which C．when D．that
18 A modem city has been set up in ____was a wasteland ten years ago．
A．what B．which C．that D．where
19 The Foreign Ministry said，“____our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A．This is B．There is C．That is D．It is
20 George Orwell，___was Eric Arthur，wrote many political novels and essays．
A．the real name B．what his real name C．his real name D．whose real name
从句知识专训参考答案
1-0 CAABB 06-10 DAABA 11-15 DDACB 16-20 BAADD

强化练习
A. 定语从句专练
1．A story I read two years ago，________ name I can’t remember clearly, changed my idea about education. 
2．The scenic spot can attract 10,000 tourists every year, of________ up to half are foreigners. 
3．The School Art Festival has set up a stage________ students can show their talents. 
4．The old man is so hard-working a gardener________ quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 
5．The Internet is widely used nowadays，________ speeds up the appearance of some new industries. 
6．Last year, Chinese tourists made 83 million overseas travels, among ________Thailand and South Korea were their favorites. 
7．He returned to his hometown________ he lived with his family after graduating from the university. 
8．In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions________ members are confused or uncertain of their roles. 
9．I don’t know the reason________ you lied to your parents, but you’d better explain. 
10．In a situation________ two teams are equally matched, the field advantage becomes a factor. 

B. 名词性从句专练
1．What she would like to discuss with me was _______ while everybody said she was a lazy person, she did not think so. 
2．When you are reading, make a note of ________ you think is of great importance. 
3．The police went to the suspect’s house and searched for ________ they could find to prove him guilty. 
4．—Boys seem to do better in science subjects like math and physics. 
—That’s ________ I don’t agree. There are many examples to show girls can do as well as boys. 
5．As the spokeswoman said, ______ we should take action against them depends on what they will do. 
6．—Something should be done to improve the worsening air quality. —Yes.________  pollutes the air shall pay a high price. 
7．The question was frequently referred to at the conference ________ it is a good idea to build nuclear power plants in developed cities. 
8．Many experts hold the view______ teachers’ development is ________ the key to better education lies. 
9．When the news came________ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. 
10．I won’t change my belief______ success comes to those who act. 

C. 状语从句专练
1．—People often don’t appreciate what they have, do they? —No，________they lose it. 
2．I wish my house would be built________ we can enjoy beautiful scenery with mountains and rivers. 
3．________ they looked, they saw nothing but ruins after the terrible earthquake. 
4．He had his camera ready________ he saw something that would make a good picture.
5．The thief stole the old man’s purse and walked away calmly，________ he didn’t do anything wrong. 
6．Failure c