高考英语三大从句复习讲解学习.docx

高考英语三大从句复习精品文档高考英语三大从句复习一、 专题详解一、名词性从句解题技巧1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。2.连接词的特点：that没有意义，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；whether,if表“是否”，在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分；what,which,how,where,when,whatever等，有各自的意义，在从句中担任成分。3.that引导主语、表语、同位语从句时不省略；有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略；引导的宾语从句中含有从句时，也不省略。4.介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语；某些动词enjoy,hate,have,like,love,appreciate,take也不能接that引导的宾语从句，此时需要用it作形式宾语。如：Youmayrelyonitthathewillcomeontime.5.reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导。6.doubt在肯定句中其后的宾语从句常用whether,if引导；doubt在否定和疑问句中其后的宾语从句常用that引导。如：Thereissomedoubt_whether_hewillcometomorrow.7.与if相比较，whether引导所有名词性从句，也可用于连接介词后的宾语从句，可以discuss,decide后引导宾语从句，还可与ornot连用。*考题检验1._BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.2.Thereisclearevidence_themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.3.WorldAidsdayisalsoimportantinremindingusthatHIVhasnotgoneaway,and_therearemanythingsstilltobedone.4.Newscamefromtheschooloffice_WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.5.Iwasclosetobeingkilledtheotherday.Acarpassedmeat_Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.6.Thereisnodoubt_Johnwillsupportyou.7.CouldIspeakto_isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?8.Wehaveofferedherthejob,butIdontknow_shewillacceptit.9.Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteach_toreadfast.10.Iamafraidhesmoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis_heneverfinishanything.答案：1,what2.that3.that4.that5.what6.that7.whoever8.whether/if9.how10.why二、定语从句解题技巧1.正确分析句子成分是做对题的关键。2.引导词的特点：*关系代词：which,that,who,whom,whose；关系副词when,where,why和that。（略）*that既指人又指物，先行词是everything,all等或有thefirst,themost,thevery等修饰时都能用，所以一般情况下用that引导定语从句比较保险，但以下情况不能用，切记：a.在非限制性定语从句中（从句前面有逗号与主句隔开），用which或who,whom;b.前面有介词时，用which或whom;c.前面的先行词是anyone,those时，用who；*as和which可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子（which有时也仅仅指代主句的一个词和一部分）。which引导的这种从句只能放在主句后，as引导的这种从句可以放在主句前、后、或在中间插入。另外，以下短语几乎成为固定搭配：asisoftenthecase,asisknowntoall,asishoped,asisnatural,asisreported,ashasbeensaid,asweknow。*当先行词为case,situation,condition,point时，且从句不缺少主要成分，用where引导；而出现occasion常用when;*比较：a.Thereare20peopleinthebus,mostof_areboys.b.Thereare20peopleinthebus,mostof_boys.c.Thereare20peopleinthebusandmostof_areboys.key:whom/them/them*比较：a._isknowntousall,theearthgoesaroundthesun.b._isknowntousallisthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.c._isknowntousallthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Key:As/What/It*比较：a.Heisoneofthestudentswho_(praise)bytheteacher.b.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_(praise)bytheteacher.Key:werepraised/waspraised*比较：a.Roseissuchakindgirl_willsurelygiveothershelpifpossible.b.Roseissuchakindgirl_shehaswonahighreputationinourclass.Key:as/that三、状语从句和连词解题技巧1.熟悉状语从句的分类，熟悉每个连词的语义和语用特征，尤其是：as,since的灵活运用；before,until,unless,while,as,if,incase这些难以区分的词。2.区分常用的含时间状语的句型，如Its/Ithasbeen+一段时间+since;Itis/was+具体时间+when;Itwillbe/was+一段时间+before;Itis/was+时间状语+that3.beforesb.knewit(不知不觉)BeforeIcouldsayaword(还来不及说什么)beforelong(不久以后)4.beonthepointofdoingwhen;beabouttodowhen;bedoingwhen;hadjustdonewhen5.as作连词可以表“因为”，“当时候”，“照.那样”，“尽管”；表“作为”时是一个介词。6.Nosoonerthan;Hardlywhen;填入适当的连接词：1._ Im unhappy, he cheers me up.2. If you work with a strong will, you will overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.3. A new school was built _ there had been a wasteland. 4. _ youve got such a golden chance, why not make the best of it?5. A whole month had passed _ she fully recovered.6. I was having dinner _ I heard a knock at the door.7. I heard a knock at the door _ I was having dinner.8. He had just finished the book _ supper was served.9. I wont tell him the correct answer even _ I know it. I dont like him.10. He was talking as _ he knew everything about it.11. _ the day went by, the weather got worse.12. I had no sooner gone into the classroom _ the bell rang.13. Roses need special care so _ they can live through winter.14. You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.15. Tom didnt go to bed _ his mother came back from work.参考答案1. whenever 2. however/ no matter how 3. where 4. Since/ Now that 5. before 6. when 7. when/ while /as 8. when 9. if/ whether 10. if/ whether 11. As 12. than 13. that 14, unless.15. until 练习A. 状语从句：1. - I wonder how much you charge for your services. - The first two are free _ the third costs $30.A. While B. until C. when D. before2. You may use the room as you like _ you clean it up afterwards.A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if3. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better.A. When B. how C. why D. if 4. Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where5. She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since6. _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it. A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as7. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night A. if B. when C. which D. since8. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until9. According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _ a woman.A. than B. such C. so D. as10. Some of you may have finished unit one . _, you can go on to unit two.A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so参考答案：1-5 ABDDA 6-10 ABBDD B. 名词性从句：1. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever2. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. A. as B. that C. which D. what3. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though4. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please? A. Who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 5. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother. A. where B. what C. how D. who 6. The how-to-book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever7. It is not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over. A. since B. what C. when D. whether.8. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _ he can react more appropriately on such occasions. A. what B. which C. that D. how9. News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C. that D. where10. It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future. A. as B. which C. whether D. that参考答案：1-5 CDCCA 6-10 DDDCDC. 定语从句：1. Many children, _ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom 2. - What do you think of teaching , Bob?- I found it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. which C. when D. can3. The way _ the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A. How B. which C. where D. 4. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.A. which B. of which C. that D. whose5. Theyve won the last three matches, _ I found a bit surprising actually.A. that B. when C. what D. which 6. She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before.A. Them B. who C. whom D. these7. My friend showed me around the town, _ was very kind of him.A. which B. that C. where D. it 8. Whenever I met her , _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A, who B. which C. when D. that 9. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 10. Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. A. where B. when C. there D. which参考答案：1-5 BADDD 6-10 CABCAD. 综合训练01 There are altogether eleven books on the shelf，_five are mineAon which Bin which Cof which Dfrom which02 The road is covered with snowI cant understand _they insist on going by motorbikeAwhy Bwhether Cwhen Dhow/a03 You can eat food free in my restaurant _you likeAwhenever Bwherever CWhatever Dhowever04 I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking toAwho is it Bwho it is Cit is who Dit is whom05 Parents are taught to understand _important education is to their childrens futureAthat Bhow Csuch Dso06 There are two buildings; _stands nearly a hundred feet highAthe larger Bthe larger of them Cthe larger one that Dthe larger of which07 You should try to get a good nights sleep _much work you have to doA. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever08 What surprised me was not what he said but _he said it.A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which09 We were told that we should follow the main road _we reached the central railway station.A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever10 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_are sold abroad.A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that11 Anyway, that evening, _Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place.A. when B. where C. what D. which12 _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As13 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _the sailing time was 226 days.A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which14 The English play _my students acted at the New Years party was a great successAfor which Bat which Cin which Don which15 Roses need special care _they can live through winterAbecause Bso that Ceven if Das16 You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this is _I disagreeAwhy Bwhere Cwhat Dhow17 There were dirty marks on her trousers _she had wiped her handsAwhere Bwhich Cwhen Dthat18 A modem city has been set up in _was a wasteland ten years agoAwhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere19 The Foreign Ministry said，“_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”AThis is BThere is CThat is DIt is20 George Orwell，_was Eric Arthur，wrote many political novels and essaysAthe real name Bwhat his real name Chis real name Dwhose real name从句知识专训参考答案1-0 CAABB 06-10 DAABA 11-15 DDACB 16-20 BAADD强化练习A. 定语从句专练1AstoryIreadtwoyearsago，_nameIcantrememberclearly,changedmyideaabouteducation.2Thescenicspotcanattract10,000touristseveryyear,of_uptohalfareforeigners.3TheSchoolArtFestivalhassetupastage_studentscanshowtheirtalents.4Theoldmanissohard-workingagardener_quiteafewgardenswanttohireasafull-timeworker.5TheInternetiswidelyusednowadays，_speedsuptheappearanceofsomenewindustries.6Lastyear,Chinesetouristsmade83millionoverseastravels,among_ThailandandSouthKoreaweretheirfavorites.7Hereturnedtohishometown_helivedwithhisfamilyaftergraduatingfromtheuniversity.8Inasportsteameachplayerhasaclearrole,andtherearefewoccasions_membersareconfusedoruncertainoftheirroles.9Idontknowthereason_youliedtoyourparents,butyoudbetterexplain.10Inasituation_twoteamsareequallymatched,thefieldadvantagebecomesafactor.B. 名词性从句专练1Whatshewouldliketodiscusswithmewas_whileeverybodysaidshewasalazyperson,shedidnotthinkso.2Whenyouarereading,makeanoteof_youthinkisofgreatimportance.3Thepolicewenttothesuspectshouseandsearchedfor_theycouldfindtoprovehimguilty.4Boysseemtodobetterinsciencesubjectslikemathandphysics.Thats_Idontagree.Therearemanyexamplestoshowgirlscandoaswellasboys.5Asthespokeswomansaid,_weshouldtakeactionagainstthemdependsonwhattheywilldo.6Somethingshouldbedonetoimprovetheworseningairquality.Yes._pollutestheairshallpayahighprice.7Thequestionwasfrequentlyreferredtoattheconference_itisagoodideatobuildnuclearpowerplantsindevelopedcities.8Manyexpertsholdtheview_teachersdevelopmentis_thekeytobettereducationlies.9Whenthenewscame_thewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.10Iwontchangemybelief_successcomestothosewhoact.C. 状语从句专练1Peopleoftendontappreciatewhattheyhave,dothey?No，_theyloseit.2Iwishmyhousewouldbebuilt_wecanenjoybeautifulscenerywithmountainsandrivers.3_theylooked,theysawnothingbutruinsaftertheterribleearthquake.4Hehadhiscameraready_hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.5Thethiefstoletheoldmanspurseandwalkedawaycalmly，_hedidntdoanythingwrong.6Failurec