资源描述
阅读理解——任务型阅读
示例一
What do we really mean by being open？Being open is a kind of invitation to others to come in，to speak and to share. It is important in letting others get to know how we think and feel. In this way we will be understood and accepted by others. If we aren't open with others，we won't fully believe in ourselves or others.
Here are a few ways for you to be more open. First，make your outside behavior the same with your inside feelings and thoughts，Second，share how you really feel about something instead of just opinions. Third，try to change your questions into statements(陈述句) and talk in the first person so that people will understand you more easily. For example，you might say，“I feel happy that you're here，”instead of，“Are you glad that you're here？”Finally，try not to say，“I don't know.”This usually means I don't want to think about it and more.
Remember also that it is not suitable to be open with everyone in every situation. You may want to be more open with close friends，but not with people you don't know well，because you are not sure how someone else will use what they know about you. Besides，some people may not be used to too much openness. If we say everything we feel or think to them，they will feel every uncomfortable at times.
In all，being open is a good way for us to get on well with other people，but we'd better keep the balance between being open and not being too open.
【文章大意】本文介绍了一种处世的态度：坦率（坦诚）。在第二段介绍了坦率的几种方法；在第三段主要探讨了坦率对人的注意事项，也即坦率也要分场合以及因人而异。
Title: Being open
Meanings of being open
•__1__ others to come in，to speak and to share.
•Show others __2__ we think and feel.
•Let others understand and __3_ us.
•Believe in ourselves and others by being open.
_4__ to be more open
•Make __5__ your outside behavior is the same with your inside feelings and thoughts.
•Try to share your __6 __ feelings.
•Make statements instead of __7__ and use the first person.
•Try not to say，“I don't know.”
Reasons for not being too open
•Someone may use your __8_ to hurt you.
•You will make them feel very uncomfortable__9__.
Conclusion: It will __10_ us get on well with others if we keep the balance between being open and not being too open.
1. Invite 解析：根据句子Being open is a kind of invitation to others to come in，to speak and to share.可知；此处是将invitation转换成其动词形式invite。
2. how/what 解析：根据句子It is important in letting others get to know how we think and feel. 可知。
3. accept解析：根据句子In this way we will be understood and accepted by others.可知，此处是被动转为主动。 [来源:学科网ZXXK]
4. Ways 解析：第二段讨论的就是坦诚对人的几种方法。
5. sure解析：First，make your outside behavior the same with your inside feelings and thoughts这句话的意思就是说“首先，使你的外在行为和你内在的感情和想法一致”；也即make sure(确保)内外一致。
6. real/true解析： 根据句子Second，share how you really feel about something instead of just opinions.可知，此处是将动词转换成名词feeling，所以前面用形容词real/true。
7. questions解析：根据句子Third，try to change your questions into statements(陈述句) and talk in the first person（第三，尽量把问句变成陈述句并且用第一人称交谈）可以得到答案。
8. information 解析：根据句子because you are not sure how someone else will use what they know about you. 可知，此处的“他们对你所了解的东西”也就是说的“你的信息（information）。
9. sometimes解析：根据句子If we say everything we feel or think to them，they will feel every uncomfortable at times.可知，此处的at times也就是sometimes的意思。
10. make/help解析：根据文章最后一段内容很容易想到答案。
示例二
Have you ever wondered what an American high school is really like? This article will describe a typical (典型的) high school and its students.
A typical American high school has several large buildings and enough space for about 1,500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather loan(租借) than buy them. Students must pay back if they lost any of them.
American students have different types of school transport. They usually take a yellow school bus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years of age, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver’s exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.
Each day, students take six or seven classes. They must take science, math, English and social studies. They can choose art, homemaking, fashion design and other classes. In some schools students are required to take one or more of the following special classes: health education, physical education or foreign language studies. Students move to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a five-minute break between classes, to give the students the time to hurry to their next class.
The regular school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students are involved in after-school activities. These activities include sports-especially football, basketball, baseball and soccer or clubs, such as yearbook, speech, school newspaper, photograph or student government.
Title: ,1 in an American High School
Outline
Details
Introduction
◇It gives an overview of a typical American high school and its 2 .
Lockers and textbooks
◇Every student has a locker for textbooks and 3 clothes.
◇They prefer loaning textbooks to 4 them.
5 transport
◇Students usually go to school by bus or on foot. Sometimes their 6 send them to school by car.
◇They can 7 themselves to school when they are over 16 and have passed the required tests.
Classes and classrooms
◇Students have to take main classes, elective classes and sometimes one or more
8 classes.
◇They go to 9 classrooms for each subject.
After-school activities
◇After school most of the students take 10 in their favourite activities, including sports and clubs.
【文章大意】本文主要描述美国一所典型的中学和那里的学生生活。
1. Life 解析：根据短文内容判断：本文的题目是：一所美国中学的生活。所以填life。
2. students 解析：由第一段最后一句可知，典型的美国中学和它的学生。故填students。
3. outdoor 解析：由第二段第三句可知，为了保管课本和户外活动的衣服，学校给每个学生一把锁，所以填outdoor。
4. buying 解析：由第二段最后一句可知，美国的课本价格昂贵，学生宁愿出租借也不愿意买书。所以填buying。
5. School 解析：由第三段第一句可知，美国学生有不同类型的上学交通方式。所以填School。
6. parents 解析：由第三段第二句可知：有时他们的双亲送他们上学。故填parents。
7. drive 解析：由第三段最后一句可知：如果学生通过班级考试和州驾驶员的考试，他/她们可以自己开车上学，所以填drive。
8. special 解析：由第四段第四句可知：在一些学校，要求学生进修一门或更多的特殊课程，所以填special。[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]
9. different 解析：由第四段第五句可知：为了每一节课，学生必须到不同的教室去，所以填different。
10. part 解析：take part in(参加)是固定搭配，所以填part。
示例三
The 2012 London Olympic Games are around the corner. If you have the chance to visit Britain yourself，you can see at every bus stop the British people form a queue. You may have read about it，but you will still feel amazed to see it with your own eyes.
It's an amazing social behavior；it brings the British to a higher level of civilization(文明). At least that is what one German professor thinks. The professor named Joseph Heinrich and his workmates say that standing in line is the “highest form of cooperative(协作的) group behavior”．
The social rules(规则) of standing in line are also interesting. For example，you need to be able to decide the correct distance to the person in front of you. Get too close and there is a danger of entering other people's personal space. This is a serious mistake and often makes other people angry. However，when you leave too much space，the next person is likely to ask：“Are you in the queue？”This may sound polite but in fact it means：“Can't you stand in line properly？”
In no other countries can you see the oneman queue except in Britain. If a British person arrives at a bus stop and no one else is there，he will not simply wait. Instead，he stands at the head of the queue.
Tourists are often unfamiliar with local customs(习俗)，and if they do not get in line behind the British person，he or she will tell them strictly：“This is a queue.”
Though it might seem that the British people take their queues too seriously，one thing is certain：queues can save lives. In dangerous situations，standing in line has prevented them from getting very frightened.
In the serious train accident in 1999，people who were hurt formed a queue as they escaped from their trains. One writer later wrote about a polite man who let her pass with a quiet “after you”.
Topic
Queuing in Britain
Professors' __1__ of queuing
·The British have __2_ a higher level of civilization.
·It is the highest form of cooperative group behavior.
Social rules of queuing
·You should stand __3_ too close to nor far from the person in front of you.
·Even if there is only one British person waiting
for a bus，he queues too.
·If tourists do not queue，they will be strictly reminded to __4 the local custom.
The power of queuing
The British queued and kept calm even in face of __5__.
【文章大意】英国人的队列文明令人惊奇；在英国排队也是需要规则的。尽管看起来英国人排队很严肃，但是有一样却是明白无误的：队列能够挽救生命。
1. opinions/thoughts/ideas解析：细节理解题。根据句子At least that is what one German professor thinks.可知：这里说的是教授的想法或意见。
2. reached解析：细节理解题。根据句子it brings the British to a higher level of civilization(文明).（它把英国人带到了比较高的文明标准）。
3. neither解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知：排队时与前面的人不能太近也不能太远。neither…nor意为“既不……也不”。
4 . follow解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，这里说的是：如果旅行者不排队，他们就会被提醒要遵循当地的习俗，所以这里用follow（听从，遵循）来表示。
5. danger解析：细节理解题。根据句子In dangerous situations，standing in line has prevented them from getting very frightened.可知。在介词in face of的后面跟名词。
实战训练
A
Travelling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffic develops fast，so travelling to different places has become much faster than before. Staying healthy while travelling can make your trip happier. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? The following information may be useful to you.
Before leaving
Wear comfortable shoes，a hat and sunglasses.
Take some necessary medicine with you. They can be used when you get sick or have other problems.
Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave if you plan to do lots of walking or climbing during your trip.
Prepare proper food. Before you prepare the food，the first thing you need to think about is how long you will travel with the food. If you take a long trip，you should bring food such as bread，biscuits and some fruit. They don't go bad quickly. The nearer people can bring meat，fish，eggs，milk and even salads and vegetables.
While travelling
Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit.
Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.
Tap water is not safe，so drink bottled water and always clean the cover of the bottle.
Keep food in good condition. If you take hot food，you should try to keep it hot. For example，you can put it in heavy towels. If you need to keep cold food cold，you can put cold food in a box with ice. When you arrive，put cold food in the fridge.
Remember: If you travel with food，keep hot food hot and cold food cold.
How to keep__ 1__ during a trip
Before leaving
●Wear comfortable shoes，a hat and __ 2__.
●_ 3__ some necessary medicine with you.
●Exercise for weeks or months__ 4__ you leave.
●Prepare proper food. Take bread，biscuits and some fruit for a __ 5__ trip or bring meat，fish，eggs，milk and even salads and vegetables for a nearer one.
While
__ 6__
●__ 7__ eat dirty food or bad fruit.
●have enough__ 8__ to take a rest during your trip.
●Drink__ 9__ water and always clean the cover.
●Keep food in good condition.__10__ to keep hot food hot and cold food cold.
B
CCTV cameras catch action
In UK，Closed Circuit Television(CCTV)cameras are everywhere. They help the police solve crimes and keep the streets safe. But that's not all they do. They also catch people doing very stupid or smart things.
One of the videos is of a British woman Mary Bale. She clearly doesn't like cats. In 2010 she was caught on CCTV throwing one into a dustbin. The video shows Mary walking down a quiet street. All of a sudden，she notices Lola the cat jump onto a fence. Mary stops to pick up Lola and drops her into a large dustbin. Lola was saved fifteen hours later. And Mary was arrested for causing unnecessary suffering to an animal. She was fined(罚款) ￡250 and was not allowed to own pets for five years.
Another video shows“Britain's drunkest man”. He's been at a party at London's Savoy Hotel. And he'd obviously had a few too many glasses of beer. At about 2 a．m.，he was kicked out for being too drunk. So，he decided to walk home. On the way，CCTV cameras filmed him falling down stairs and crossing the roads madly...A Savoy Hotel waiter later said，“It's amazing he didn't hurt himself badly.”
Sometimes they also record smart events. Once a British band The Get Out Clause didn't have any money to make a music video. So，they came up with an unbelievable idea. They set up their instruments(乐器) and played a song in front of eight CCTV cameras. And then，according to the English Freedom of Information Act，they asked for a copy of all the footages(视频)，which they edited. The result is that a totally new music video was made，and it didn't cost them a penny.
Title: CCTV cameras catch action
Passage outline[来源:学科网]
Supporting details
Usages of CCTV cameras
They are almost __ 1__ and are useful in many ways.
To help the police solve crimes
A woman saw a lonely cat and__ 2__ it into a big dustbin. She was fined ￡250 and was not allowed to own pets for five years.
To catch people doing stupid things
A man got very drunk and was thrown out of London's Savoy Hotel. He went back home through a lot of troubles and dangers but was not __ 3__ hurt.
To __ 4__ people doing smart events
A band had no money but still wanted to make a music record.
They played in front of eight CCTV cameras and asked for the footage copy for __ 5__.
They edited the footages and make a totally new music video.
C
Some people are successful, while others may not. This is because some people have some qualities, which others do not.
The first thing you must remember is that in order to be successful, you must have optimism(乐观). If you do not look forward to winning, you will not try as hard as those who look forward to winning. You also need to have a clear aim and a reason for doing something because motivation(动机) is a key to achieving success. If you do not have an aim, then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope (显微镜) to make sure that every detail is right.
Another quality that helps people to be successful is creativity---thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. Think about some successful people you know. They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones.
Reading is another to success, as it will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If you want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people lik
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