外研版高中英语必修二Module5.doc

单词1aboard adv.在船(或飞机、车)上；上船(或飞机、车等)prep.在(船、飞机、车)上；上(船、飞机、车等)归纳拓展(1)go aboard the plane/ship登机/上船All aboard！(口)请大家上船/车/飞机！Welcome aboard！请上船/飞机/车！(2)abroad adv.在国外，到国外，去国外go abroad出国return from abroad从国外回来at home and abroad国内外(3)board n木板on board搭乘(船、飞机、火车、汽车等)(相当于aboard)例句：Its time to go aboard the ship.现在是上船的时候了。He went aboard the plane and just a few hours later he arrived abroadfar away from his parents.他上了飞机，仅几小时后，就到了远离父母的国外了。The plane crashed，killing all 200 people aboard/on board.飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难。【链接训练】As the train was to pull out，her husband came running along and climbed _.Aabroad Bbroad Caboard Dboard【解析】句意为：当火车将要出站时，她的丈夫一路跑来并且爬上了车。aboard在此用作副词，“上车”。【答案】C2congratulation n祝贺；道贺(在口语中，往往直接用Congratulations表示祝贺)归纳拓展(1)congratulations (on.)祝贺()offer/send ones congratulations to sb.on sth.为某事向某人祝贺express ones congratulations 表示庆祝accept ones congratulations 接受某人的祝贺(2)congratulate vt.祝贺congratulate sb.on/upon (doing) sth.就(为)某事向某人祝贺congratulate oneself on.庆幸，感到自豪例句：When Yang Liwei landed，Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the control centre to offer his congratulations.当杨利伟着陆时，温家宝总理给控制中心打电话对他表示祝贺。I congratulated myself on my good fortune.我为自己的好运气感到高兴。Youve passed your driving test！Congratulations!你驾驶考试合格了！祝贺你！同类辨析congratulate与celebrate(1)congratulate是指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“庆贺；祝贺”，其宾语是受到祝贺的人。(2)celebrate的宾语是表示事物的名词，如节日、生日、胜利、成功等，宾语不能是人，也不能接宾语从句。例句：Lets congratulate them on/upon their happy marriage.让我们祝贺他们婚姻幸福。We celebrated the New Years Day/National Day.我们庆贺新年/庆祝国庆。【链接训练】Look，dad，my College Graduation Certificate is here！Ive got it.Oh，_，dear！You have finally realized your dream.Acongratulation BcongratulationsCcelebrations Dgreetings【解析】congratulation常用复数，表示“祝贺”。celebration意为“庆祝；庆祝会”；greetings意为“问候语，寒暄语”。句意为：爸爸，看，这是我的大学毕业证书，我拿到手了。噢，祝贺你！你终于实现了你的梦想。【答案】B3welcome n欢迎vt.欢迎adj.受欢迎的归纳拓展(1)welcome to.欢迎到来be welcome to sth./to do sth.容许，可以做某事，可以任意使用某物give sb.a warm welcome热烈欢迎某人You are welcome.(客套语)别客气，不用谢。 (2)“欢迎某人干某事”可以说sb.be welcome to do sth.，但不能说welcome sb.to do sth.。“欢迎某人来到某地”可以说：sb.be welcome to someplace，不可以说welcome sb.to someplace。例句：(You are)Welcome to Jinan.欢迎来济南。例句：Welcome to our school.欢迎来到我校。You are welcome to use any instrument here.这儿的任何仪器你可以尽情使用。The publication of that novel is warmly welcomed by the readers.那部小说的出版受到读者的热烈欢迎。【链接训练】This is my car.You are welcome _it.Afor BOn Cwith Dto【解析】句意为：这是我的汽车。你可以随便用它。be welcome to sth.是固定短语，意为“任意使用某物”，故选D。【答案】D4replace vt.取代；代替；更换，更新；把放回原处归纳拓展(1)replace sb./sth.take the place of sb./sth.take ones place代替某人(位置)/某物in place ofin ones place代替replace sth.by/with sth.用某物替代某物replace sb.by/with sb.else用他人取代/代替某人(2)replacement n替代者；更换4replace vt.取代；代替；更换，更新；把放回原处归纳拓展(1)replace sb./sth.take the place of sb./sth.take ones place代替某人(位置)/某物in place ofin ones place代替replace sth.by/with sth.用某物替代某物replace sb.by/with sb.else用他人取代/代替某人(2)replacement n替代者；更换【链接训练】When you have finished the book，please _ it on the shelf.AreplaceBtake placeCtake place ofDin place of【解析】句意为：当你阅读完这本书，请把它放回架子上。replaceput back“放回原处”，符合题意。【答案】AThe shopkeeper said he would_the radio set if we were not satisfied.Aplace Breplace Cbuy Dsell【解析】句意为：店主说如果我们对收音机不满意，他可以调换一台。place“放置”；buy“买”；sell“卖”；均不合句意。只有replace“调换”与题意吻合。【答案】B5evidence n证据，证明；根据v表明，证明，显示归纳拓展(1)give/show/bear evidence of证明，说明，表明give no evidence of没有的迹象in evidence看得见，到场；明显的，显而易见的call sb.in evidence叫某人来作证(2)evident adj.明显的；明白的；清楚的be evident to sb.that.某人清楚It is (quite) evident that.很显然例句：Theres some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is good for you.有证据表明，少量饮酒有益健康。I was asked to give evidence at the trial.我被要求审讯时出庭作证。It must be evident to all of you that he has made a mistake.你们一定很清楚，他犯了错误。【链接训练】The suspects fingerprints on the gun were the main _ against him.Acrime BinformationCevidence Dconviction【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：嫌疑犯留在枪上的指纹是指控他的最主要的证据。evidence“证据”，符合题意。crime“犯罪”；information“信息”；conviction“判罪，定罪”。【答案】C短语【链接训练】The suspects fingerprints on the gun were the main _ against him.Acrime BinformationCevidence Dconviction【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：嫌疑犯留在枪上的指纹是指控他的最主要的证据。evidence“证据”，符合题意。crime“犯罪”；information“信息”；conviction“判罪，定罪”。【答案】C(every) now and thennow and again不时，时而Now or never！机不可失！例句：Now that you have finished your work，youd better have a rest.既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。Now that you are grown up，you should not rely on your parents.既然你已经长大了，就不应该依赖父母。We go to the films (every) now and then.我们不时地去看电影。【链接训练】You ought to have a good rest _ youve finished your writing.Aeven if BwhenCnow that Das long as【解析】句意为：既然你已经完成了写作就应该好好休息一下。now that意为“既然”，符合题意。even if“即使”；when“当时候”；as long as“只要”。均与题意不符。【答案】C2in total总计；总共归纳拓展total (up) to合计，总数达到a total of总数为(2)totally adv.完全；全部地例句：There were probably about 40 people there in total.那里总共可能有40人左右。These companies have a total of 2,000 employees.这些公司总共有2 000名雇员。The visitors totalled up to 8,000 a day.每天的游客总数达8 000人。Im afraid I totally forgot about it.很抱歉，我把这件事忘得干干净净了。【链接训练】The costs _ $3,000.It was beyond belief.Aadded BtotalledCadded up Dtotalled up【解析】句意为：花费总计是3 000美元。真是令人难以置信！total此处是动词，意为“计算的总和”。若C、D项后面都加上to也可选。【答案】BHe was _ blind as a result of the traffic accidents.Atotal BtotallyCcomplete Dwhole【解析】句意为：因为一起车祸，他双目完全失明。根据填词的位置可知应用副词。totally“完全，全部地”，符合题意。【答案】B句型Is this the first time hes seen aliens landing on the moon?这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？归纳拓展It is high/about time for sb. to do sth.是某人该做某事的时候了例句：This is the second time that she has visited Japan.这是她第二次访问日本。It was the first time that I had seen the water cube.那是我第一次见到水立方。Its (high) time that we should start out.It is time for us to start out.我们该动身了。【链接训练】She was scolded because it was the third time that she _ late to work.Acame Bhad come Cwas coming Dhas come【解析】考查句型It is/was the序数词timethat sb. have (has)/had done sth.“某人第几次做某事”。【答案】BIts the third time I _ here this month.Awas Bhave been Ccame Dam coming【解析】考查虚拟语气。在This/It is the first/second.timethat从句结构中，that从句一般用现在完成时，如果把前面的is改成was，则that从句用过去完成时。【答案】B语法1时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句在句中起状语作用，表示时间。时间状语从句由after，as，before，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as等引导。例句：Lets wait till the rain stops.咱们等到雨停了吧。They were scolded whenever they were late for school.每次他们上学迟到都挨骂。(2)有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句，如the minute，the moment，every time，the first time，the instant，the day，the week，the year，any time，next time，each time，the last time，all the time，from the time，by the time等。例句：The moment he reached the country，he started his search.他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。I recognized you the minute I saw you.我一见到你就认出了你。By the time he was 14，he had built his own lab.到他14岁的时候，他已建立了自己的实验室。(3)有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句，如directly，immediately，instantly等。例句：The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。Directly the master came in，everyone was quiet.校长一进来，大家就安静下来。【链接训练】Do you smoke?No，I dont.But I used to.Its two years since I_.Asmoked Bdidnt smokeChave smoked Dbegan to smoke【解析】since引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词常用一般过去时；在此结构中，延续性动词smoke表示这一动作的终结。后半句句意为：我已经有两年不吸烟了。【答案】AOn a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont _ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”Awhich Bwhere Cwhen Dthat【解析】when用作连词，引出一个忽然出现的动作，意为“正在这时，(突然)”。【答案】CI was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.Awhile Bafter Cin case Dthe minute【解析】the minute从句，意为“一就”，等于as soon as，引导时间状语从句。【答案】DHe was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work.Awhen Bsince Cbefore Dthat【解析】句意为：他被告知至少再过三个月才能恢复健康，回去工作。“It will be一段时间before从句”表示“过多久才”。【答案】C2原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句一般由because，since，as，now that，considering that，seeing that连接。高考中对于表示原因的连词本身的区别考查相对较少，主要是与其他状语从句连词的对比。例句：Since/As the weather was fine，lets go for a walk.由于天气很好，我们出去散散步吧。Because he was Aristotle，the great thinker，no one questioned his idea for almost 2,000 years.因为他是伟大的思想家亚里士多德，差不多2 000年来没有一个人对他的想法提出怀疑。(2)形容词glad，sorry，afraid，pleased，satisfied，delighted，proud等也可接一个由that引导的原因状语从句，且that可省略。例句：Im glad (that) youre feeling better.你感觉好些了我很高兴。(3)除了状语从句外，还有一些介词短语也可以表示原因，如thanks to，as a result of，because of，due to，owing to等。例句：Thanks to your help，I passed the test.多亏了你的帮助，我才通过了测试。(4)注意for，because，since与as的区别。这四个词的语气由强到弱排列如下：becauseassincefor。as作为从属连词，引导原因状语从句时，语气不如because强。它引导的从句常放在主句之前，说明原因，后面的主句则说明结果。because作为从属连词，引导原因状语从句时，语气最强，直接回答why的问题，它所引导的主句是全句语意中心所在，一般位于句后，但也可放在主句之前。for为并列连词，多用于书面语中，表示原因，语气最弱。它引导的分句一般放在主句之后，起解释说明的作用。since为从属连词，引导原因状语从句，它表示的原因多是双方已知道的。它引导的从句可放在主句之前或之后。例句：Why cant you do it now?你为什么不现在做呢？Because Im too busy.因为我现在太忙了。I do it because I like it.我做是因为我喜欢。As it was late，we turned back.由于天晚了，我们便往回走。We must start early，for we have a long way to go.我们必须早点儿动身，因为我们要走很长一段路。Since everybody is here，lets begin.既然大家都在这儿，咱们就开始吧。(5)注意：引导原因状语从句的还可以是considering/seeing that，其用法与since/as相同。例句：Seeing that hes been off sick all week hes unlikely to come.他请病假整整一周了，所以今天也不大可能来。【链接训练】_ the plan has been made，lets get down to_ it out.ANow that；carry BBecause；carryCSince；carrying DNow；putting【解析】句意为：既然已经制订出计划，咱们就着手实行吧。now(that)，since均可表示“既然，由于”；get down to意为“开始认真做某事”，其中to是介词，后面接名词或动名词形式；carry out“执行，实施”；put out意为“扑灭”，综上，选C。Unlike watching TV，reading is a highly active process，_it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.Auntil Bbut Cunless Dfor【解析】考查连词。for表示原因，意为“由于的理由，由于的原因”。句意是：不像看电视，阅读需要高度的思维活动过程，因为它不光需要记忆力和想象力，还需要注意力。【答案】DJenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she has shot at Canada，_ this was a memory she especially treasured.Aas Bif Cwhen Dwhere【解析】as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。本题要结合前后句的关系加以判断，前半句是“珍妮对她在加拿大拍的照片的丢失很伤心”，后半句意思是“这是她拥有的特殊记忆”，从意思上可知后半句是珍妮丢失照片感到伤心的原因，故选A。