资源描述
词多义词(I--P)
知识点
常用的一词多义词(I--P)
教学目标
掌握常用的一词多义词，灵活根据不同的情境去运用，突破各个考点。
教学重点
常用的一词多义词(I--P)
教学难点
常用的一词多义词(I--P)
教学过程
一、 课堂导入
首先同学生进行简短的课堂问候，以一个话题展开相应的英语口语问答，充分锻炼学生口语的能力。之后，对常用的一词多义词进行概述，让学生知道其重要性和相关记忆的技巧，之后引入我们今天学习的重点知识——常用的一词多义词。
二、复习预习
教师引导学生复习上节课所学知识点，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑。准备好错题提炼本，除了总结自己今天课上答错的习题还要分析出自己出错的原因，同样的错误严格把控自己不再重犯。
三、知识讲解
知识点：常用的一词多义词(I--P)
I
1. if (conj)
如果I will go to Shanghai if I have time in May.
是否 I don’t know if you are right.
2. interest (n)
兴趣,好奇心Now he has grown up he no longer takes any interest in his stamp collection.
爱好 Her main interests in life are music, tennis and cooking.
利息When you borrow money from the bank, you need to pay interest.
对……有兴趣The topic he is talking about interests me greatly. (v)
3. iron (n)
铁This material is as hard as iron. (n)
a steam-iron 蒸汽熨斗 (n)
熨烫She was ironing a shirt when I went to visit her. (v)
J
1. join(v)
加入He joined the League last June.
加入某人行列They are playing basketball. What about joining them?
连接The teacher asked us to join the two parts together.
2. just (ad)
刚才I have just seen John。
恰好It’s just my size.
不过，仅After all, he is just a child.
公平的，公正的It is a just sentence. (这是合法的判决) (adj.)
K
1. key (n)
钥匙I can’t find my key. Can you help me?
（打字机、钢琴等的）键You need to press the keys hard, for the piano is quite old.
答案Tell me the keys to the test.
关键，要诀Diet and exercise are the key to good health.
2. kind
(n)种类 There are all kinds of books in the library.
(a)和蔼的 Would you be kind enough to help me?
L
1. last
持续 How long do you think this fine weather will last? (v)
最后的December is the last month of the year. (adj.)
最近的，上一个的 I thought her last book was one of the best. (adj.)
2. lay
将某物或某人置于某位置 Please lay the book on the table. (v)
（指鸟、虫等）产（卵）The hens are not laying well at the moment. (v)
3. leave
假期 a sick leave (n)
离开 He left his hometown two years ago. (v)
使…处于某种状态 Leave the door open. (v)
忽略或未拿、未带某物I’ve left my gloves on the bus. (v)
4. lesson(n)
功课The first lesson in driving is how to start the car.
一节课My yoga lesson begins at 8pm.
教训 ，经验，榜样Let this be a lesson to you never to play with matches!
5. lie(v)
平躺Don’t lie in bed all morning. 过去式：lay 过去分词：lain 现在分词：lying
位于The city lies in the east of China.过去式：lay 过去分词：lain 现在分词：lying
撒谎He is lying! Don’t believe him.过去式：lied 过去分词：lied 现在分词：lying
6.lift
举起He can easily lift the heavy boy. (v)
（云或烟等）消散；The cloud will lift soon according to the weather report.
电梯The office is on the sixth floor. Let’s take a lift. (n) 免费搭私人车I’ll give you a lift to the station. (n)
7.light
点燃He lit the candle. (v)
电灯Turn on the lights, please. (n) 灯光The light is too poor to read by. (n)
明亮的We like to study in a light room. (adj) 浅色的I prefer light colors. (adj)
轻的The coat is light and warm. (adj) 易懂的I took some light reading for the train journey. (adj)
light music 轻音乐 (adj)
（指睡眠）不沉的，不熟的Don’t make any noise—my mother is a very light sleeper.(adj)
8.like
像 He looks like his father. (prep)
喜欢 I like to chat with others. (v)
9.live
居住； Where do you live? (v)
过…样的生活He wants to live a peaceful life.(v)
活的There are lots of live fish in the small river. (adj)
现场直播地The match will be shown live by BBC. (adv)
10.long
长的 This is a long story. (adj)
long for 渴望 The children are longing for holidays.(v)
11.lose (v)
失去She’s just lost her husband.
遗失I’ve lost my key. 输，失败We lost the match at last although we tried our best.
M
1. mad (a)
疯狂的You must be mad to drive so fast.
对某事、某人极感兴趣He’s mad about pop music.
2. make (v)
制造Can you make a model car?
做 He is good at making cake.
强迫They made me repeat the story.
⑵make (n)
牌子Cars of all makes can be seen in the street.
制造This is a coat of excellent make.(做工精致的)
3. master
掌握 It’s useful to master a foreign language. (v)
(n) 主人；
Master硕士；艺术大师
4. match
与…相配The furniture and the room match perfectly.(v)
比赛There will be a basketball match on TV tonight. (n)
火柴People don’t use matches quite often now. (n)
5. mind (v)
介意Would you mind taking care of my dog?
照看Mind my bike while I go into the shop.
留神Mind the step!
(n)思想，想法 change one’s mind come to mind make up one’s mind
6. miss(v)
想念I miss my childhood a lot.
错过，未赶上He missed the meeting because of the bad weather.
未击中He shot the basket but he missed.
7. monitor(n) 班长； 显示器
8. mouse (n) 鼠标； 老鼠
N
1. name
(v)命名 He named his son after the hero.
(n)名字 His name is Jack.
2. national(a)国家的； 民族的
3. nobody
(pron) 没有人，谁也不Nobody is in the room. It is empty.
(n)渺小人物He was just a nobody before he became a manager.
4. note (n)
便条，笔记He asked his students to take notes carefully.
注释This is a new book with a lot of notes.
钞票 a 5-pound note
(v)记下 note something down
5. notice (v) 注意到 I noticed he left early.
(n) 通知 Put up the notice and let everyone know it.
6. nurse (n) 护士； 保姆 (v) 看护
O
1. once
(ad)一次I’ve only been there once.
曾经 I once met your mother.
(conj) 一旦Once you understand the rule, you will have no further difficulty.
2. order
(n) 顺序Put everything in order.
定单,定货He gave his order to the waiter.
(v) 命令We ordered him to leave.
定购,定做，预定I have ordered a new table from the shop.
3. over
(prep)在…之上They held a large umbrella over her.
横越 There is a bridge over the river.
(ad)结束The meeting was over an hour ago.
…多There are over 1000 people in the village.
P
1. paper
（n）纸张 Paper was invented in ancient China.
报纸 Have you seen today’s paper?
试卷 The history paper was really easy.
2. park
(n) 公园 There is a chocolate theme park in Beijing.
(v) 停放 Don’t park the car in this street.
3. party
(n) 聚会 I am looking forward to the party.
政党 When did you join the Party?
5. pass (v)
传递 Will you please pass me the book on the desk?
通过 He passed me but said nothing.
打发时间 pass the time
6. past
(a) 结束的 Winter is past and spring has come.
(prep) 过… What time is it? It a quarter past twelve.
走过某处 He walked past me and say nothing.
7. patient
(n) 病人 The doctor is looking after the patient.
(a) 耐心的 Be patient! He is only a child.
8.pay
(v) 付钱，给…报酬 He paid the bill and left.
(n) 工资 He gets his pay each Thursday.
9. pick
(v) 拾起 He picked the pen up and gave it to the teacher.
挑选 He picked the biggest apple and passed it to his mother.
采，摘 You’d better not pick the flowers in the garden.
10. place
(n) 地点 This is a famous place.
(v)放置 Place the book on the table.
11.plant
(n) 植物 What is the name of the plant?
(v)种植 They taught the boy how to plant trees.
12. plate
(n) 盘子 I always wash the plates after dinner.
(n) 牌 The number-plate on the car is 1068.
13. play
(v) 玩； 播放 Please don’t play the music so loudly.
(n) 戏剧 My mother likes watching TV plays best.
14.poor
(a)穷的 He is very poor but he is very happy.
(a) 差的 I am poor in English.
15. pound
(n)英镑；How much is it? 200 pounds. That’s too expensive.
(n)磅 Two pounds of apples, please.
16. present
(n)礼物 I always receive many presents on my birthday.
现在，目前At present we are having a break.
(a) 出席的； How many people were present at the meeting?
(v)将某物赠与某人 He presented a gold medal to the winner.
17. pretty
(a)漂亮的 She is very pretty.
(ad) 相当地 He draws pretty well.
18. push
(v) 推动 Don’t push: wait before you get on the bus.
(n) 推进，促进 They gave the car a push.
四、例题精析
【例题1】
_______come from_____.
A. Canada, Canada B.Canadas,Canadian
C.Canadians, Canada D.Canadian,Canadian
【答案】：C
【解析】Canada意为"加拿大",其首都为Ottawa(渥太华)My friend is from Canada.(1)形容词为Canadian.加拿大的,加拿大人的.She is a Canadian girl. 她是个加拿大女孩.(2) Canadian 作名词,意为"加拿大人",其复数形式为 Canadians.We are Canadians. 我们是加拿大人.
【例题2】
Lucy is a girl from _____. She can speak _____.
A French, France B France, French
C French, French D France, France
【答案】：B
【解析】：French(1) 作名词,意为"法语",不可数名词,构成词组 speak French.-Can you speak French? 你会说法语吗?-Yes, a little. 是的, 会一点.(2) 作名词时,还可表示"法国人",常与the搭配, 是法国人的总称.
The French are said to have a sense of beauty.据说法国人有欣赏美的感受力.(3) 作形容词,意为"法国的,法国人的,法语的"She is French. 她是法国人.表示"一个法国人"要用a Frenchman/Frenchwoman.
He is a Frenchman. 他是一个法国人.
【例题3】
Are there any trees _____ the river?
A for B near C in D on
【答案】:B
【解析】near(1)作介词,意为"在…附近",与far from反义My house is near my school. 我家离学校很近.The book is near the pencil-box. 那本书在铅笔盒附近.(2)作副词,意为"接近,亲近地,在近处"My uncle lives quite near. 我叔叔住得很近.
课程小结
本节课主要围绕常用的一词多义词(I--P)来进行讲解，通过本课的学习要求学生除了掌握相关知识点，还能理论结合实际，能灵活运用和举一反三。课下要求学生多做题，多思考。近年考试对语法点的考查往往是与语境相结合，因此，同学在做题时要结合语境来分析题目，灵活地运用语法知识。
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