生物科技讲义模板省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

家长开放日家长开放日南京九校一年三班之南京九校一年三班之走进细胞世界走进细胞世界第1页讲授内容讲授内容Click to add title in here Click to add title in here Click to add title in here Click to add title in here 4123ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.第2页一一.细胞发展史细胞发展史秦汉时期秦汉时期1590年年1665年年17世纪前世纪前尔雅尔雅记载了记载了590各种动各种动物和植物，并纳入一定分类物和植物，并纳入一定分类系统。系统。人们试图回答植物和动物组成，人们试图回答植物和动物组成，但受观察工具限制。但受观察工具限制。一位荷兰人用两块透镜制造出一位荷兰人用两块透镜制造出了第一台显微镜。了第一台显微镜。英国科学家胡克用自制显微镜英国科学家胡克用自制显微镜发觉了细胞。发觉了细胞。第3页细胞学说细胞学说 19世纪世纪40年代：德国科学家年代：德国科学家施莱登施莱登和和施旺施旺提出了提出了“细胞学说细胞学说”。施旺施旺施莱登施莱登第4页细胞学说细胞学说动物和植物都是由细胞组成；动物和植物都是由细胞组成；细胞是生物体结构很功效基本单位；细胞是生物体结构很功效基本单位；细胞是由细胞分裂产生。细胞是由细胞分裂产生。第5页二二.认识细胞认识细胞 1.细胞形状细胞形状 有圆、立方形、柱形、菱形、多边形等各种形状。有圆、立方形、柱形、菱形、多边形等各种形状。第6页细胞形态细胞形态酵母菌酵母菌植物植物纤维细纤维细胞胞植物表皮植物表皮细细胞胞精子精子第7页二二.认识细胞认识细胞2.细胞大小细胞大小细胞普通很小，只有一到几十微米之间。细胞普通很小，只有一到几十微米之间。第8页细胞大小细胞大小各各类细胞大小比胞大小比较细胞类型细胞类型直径大小（直径大小（um）支原体支原体0.1-0.3细菌细菌1-2动物植物动物植物10-100（多数（多数20-30）原生动物原生动物100例外，如卵例外，如卵细胞就尤其大，胞就尤其大，鸵鸟卵卵细胞直径胞直径为5 cm，鸡卵卵细胞胞为23 cm，人卵，人卵细胞胞为200 m；有些神；有些神经细胞突起可胞突起可长达达1 m，但，但细胞体直径不会超出胞体直径不会超出100 m；小型白；小型白细胞胞直径只有直径只有34 m，人，人红细胞直径胞直径为7 m。第9页3.细胞结构细胞结构动物细胞动物细胞二二.认识细胞认识细胞细胞膜细胞膜细胞核细胞核细胞质细胞质作用：保护细胞并控制细胞作用：保护细胞并控制细胞 与外界之间物质交换与外界之间物质交换作用：内含遗传物质，起作用：内含遗传物质，起 传宗接代作用传宗接代作用作用：许多生命活动场所作用：许多生命活动场所第10页细细胞壁胞壁保保护护和支持和支持细细胞作用胞作用叶叶绿绿体体内含叶内含叶绿绿素，是光合作用素，是光合作用场场所所液泡液泡内有内有细细胞液胞液细细胞膜胞膜细细胞胞质质细细胞核胞核3.细胞结构细胞结构植物细胞植物细胞二二.认识细胞认识细胞第11页动植物细胞结构有何不一样动植物细胞结构有何不一样？叶叶绿体体植物植物动物物液泡液泡细胞壁胞壁细胞核胞核细胞胞质细胞膜胞膜无无无无无无有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有有第12页任务：任务：“小小侦探家小小侦探家”公安部得到一份生物作品，从外形上分辨不出该样品是取自公安部得到一份生物作品，从外形上分辨不出该样品是取自植物还是动物，你能否用学过知识将它判定出来？植物还是动物，你能否用学过知识将它判定出来？动物物细胞胞植物植物细胞胞细胞壁胞壁 无无 有有细胞膜胞膜 有有 有有细胞胞质 有有 有有细胞核胞核 有有 有有大液泡 无无 有有叶叶绿体体 无无 有有第13页1、樟树茎能够直立与植物细胞中什么结构相、樟树茎能够直立与植物细胞中什么结构相关？关？2、植物叶为何通常是绿色？、植物叶为何通常是绿色？思索思索细胞中细胞壁由纤维素组成，含有保护和支持细胞中细胞壁由纤维素组成，含有保护和支持细胞作用，使植物细胞有一定形状。细胞作用，使植物细胞有一定形状。植物叶片细胞中含有叶绿体，内含叶绿素。植物叶片细胞中含有叶绿体，内含叶绿素。第14页三三.细胞生长细胞生长生物体生长发育过程中生物体生长发育过程中生生长长、繁殖繁殖、衰老衰老、死亡死亡。第15页分裂分裂第16页 成年人全身成年人全身细胞胞总数数约 1012个。个。细胞种胞种类有有200 各种。各种。这么各种么各种类细胞均胞均来自一个来自一个受精卵。受精卵。有有丝分裂分裂分化分化第17页 成年人全身成年人全身细胞胞总数数约 1012个。个。细胞种胞种类有有200 各种。各种。这么各种么各种类细胞均胞均来自一个来自一个受精卵。受精卵。有有丝分裂分裂分化分化第18页神神经细胞胞红细胞胞肌肉肌肉细胞胞上皮上皮组织细胞胞第19页功效：光合作用功效：光合作用功效：保功效：保护功效功效功效：功效：贮藏藏营养物养物质总结：同一植物体：同一植物体这些些细胞也都来自一群彼此胞也都来自一群彼此 相同早期胚相同早期胚细胞。胞。第20页Click to edit title styleText in hereText in hereText in hereText in here Contents ContentsThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the business Description of the business Description of the businessThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.Description of the contentsDescription of the contents第21页Click to edit title styleThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.Add your textAdd your textAdd your textAdd your textAdd your textAdd your text第22页Your TextYour TextYour TextYour TextClick to edit title styleYour TextYour TextYour 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02Vision 04Vision 04CompanyLOGOClick to edit title style第33页Click to edit title styleTitle in hereTitle in hereThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.Description of the contentsDescription of the contentsDescription of the contentsDescription of the contentsTitle in hereTitle in hereTitle in hereTitle in hereTitle in hereTitle in here第34页Service 01Service 01Service 02Service 02Service 03Service 03LOGO ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.Click to edit title style第35页Click to edit title styleTitle in hereAdd TitleAdd TitleAdd TitleAdd Title Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contentsText in hereText in hereText in hereText in here Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents第36页Click to edit title styleThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&ThemeGallery is a 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technologyDescription of the contentsDescription of the contentsDescription of the contentsDescription of the contentsClick to edit title style第39页Click to edit title styleAdd Your TextAdd Your TextAdd Your TextAdd Your TextAdd Your TextTextTextTextTextTextThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.第40页Click to edit title styleText in hereTitle in hereTitle in hereText in hereText in here Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contents Description of the contentsThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc.第41页Click to edit title style statistics title statistics title(unit:%)(unit:%)*Statistics agency statistics*Statistics agency statistics50%90%15%96%35%70%Contents of the product,and please fill it out.ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content&Contents mall 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