石油英语重点句子翻译市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Text A:BigData,MicroseismicImagingandtheSmartDrillingOilandGasRevolutionText B:Oil:TheNextRevolutionText C:Energiewendevs.USAShaleGas:CanGermanIndustryCompete?Unit 5 Petroleum Science and Technology第1页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Text OrganizationPart 1(Para.1-3)Changes that technological innovation brings to oil industryPart 2(Para.4-5)Big data and its applicationPart 3(Para.6-12)Microseismic imaging and smart drillingPart 4(Para.13-15)Significance of the application of big data and microseismic imaging in oil industry第2页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisPart 1(Para.1-3)Changes that technological innovation brings to oil industry-Americantechnologicalinnovationhasimproved the productivity ofthetypicaloilorgasrigonAmericansshalefields.-The average cost tofindandyieldanewbarrelofoilhadbeengreatly lowered.Theanswerisdefinitelyyes,becauseofinnovationofmoretechnology,especiallyinformationtechnology.1.What changes has American technological innovation brought to its oil industry?（Para.1-2）2.Will the productivity boom continue?Why?(Para.3)第3页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisPart 2(Para.4-5)Big data and its applicationItisappliedinthenewandemergingdigitaloilfield,andcollectedbyopticalfiberattheoilandgaswellsinthedeephotsubsurface.AccordingtoIDC,itsapplicationwillbeexpandedbytheexploitationofunconventionalresources.3.Where is big data applied?And how is it collected?(Para.4)4.What does the sentence“This imaging technology does for seismic the equivalent of going from 20th century x-rays to 21st century MRI”in Para.2 mean?5.What is the future of big data?(Para.5)Itmeansbigdatamakesagreatprogressinoilindustry.第4页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisPart 3(Para.6-12)Microseismic imaging and smart drilling6.What is at the core of smart drilling?Para.7-seismic 3D maps,whichtellsyouwheretodrill;-down-hole sensors,whichtellsyouwheretosteerthedrillunderground;-microseismic imaging,whichbringsradicallynavigation,likeGPSinprivatecars,andcritically,theopportunityforaneweraofdynamicallycontrolledsubsurfaceoperations.第5页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisSeismictechnologyusesacoustic vibrations thatpropagateandreflectbacktothesurface,sincetheearthisopaquetoeverythingintheopticalspectrumandessentiallyallradiowaves,butvibration,propagatesthroughrock.7.Whats the principle of seismic imaging?(Para.8)8.Seismic technology undergoes a development from 2D to 3D.In what way is 3D superior to 2D?(Para.8,9,11)-Seismic3Dtechnologyimprovesnotonlysubsurfaceresolutionfrommile-levelspacingto100-footspacing(Para.8),-butalsoU.S.drillingsuccessrate(Para.9).-3Dexpandedandilluminatedtheerrorsin2D(Para.11)第6页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisTheformerrevealsholesandevenerrorsinthelatter.11.What is the ideal world of microseismic imaging?(Para.12)Itbecomesthestandardoperatingprocedure,andconductscontinuousreal-timemonitoring,usingremarkablyrobustandtemperaturetolerantopticalfiber.Farmoreprecisionandfarhigherresolutionoftheundergroundsmartdrillingoperations.10.In what way is microseismic imaging superior to seismic 3D technology?(Para.11)9.What calls for the advent of microseimic imaging?（Para.10）第7页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisTheapplicationofbigdataandmicroseismicimagingwillcontinuetoexpandsmartdrillingoilandgasrevolutionsustainthecurrenthydrocarbonrevolutionandunleashinganotherroundofproductivitygrowth.Bigdatawillwringmoreefficienciesusingallexistingdata(Para.14)putanendtopeakoiltheory(Para.15)12.What is the significance of the application of big data and microseismic imaging in oil industry?Part 4(Para.13-15)Significance of the application of big data and microseismic imaging in oil industry第8页SECTION 1 STARTING-OUTSummarySummaryAmericantechnologicalinnovationhasbroughtstunningchangestoitsoilindustry.Ontheonehand,productivityinoilandgasfieldhasbeengreatlyimproved;ontheotherhand,theaveragecosttofindandyieldanewbarrelofoilhasbeengreatlylowered.Moretechnology,especiallyinformationtechnologywillsustaintherecentAmericanoilandgasproductivityboom,whichemergesfromsmartdrilling,atthecoreofwhichare3Dseismicmaps,down-holesensorsandmicroseismicimaging,theequivalentofGPSinprivatecars.Microseismicimagingevolvesfromseismicimaging,whichusesacousticvibrationsthatpropagateandreflectbacktothesurfaceandundergoesadevelopmentfrom2Dto3D.ThetrajectoryofAmericansmartdrillingoilandgasrevolutionischeaper,fasterandbetter.Thecombinationofbigdataandmicroseismicimagingexpandsthisrevolutionandputsanendtopeakoiltheory,whichpredictsaterminaldeclineintherateofoilproductionafterthemaximumrateofoilextractionisreached.第9页What is Big Data?Bigdataisbeinggeneratedbyeverythingaroundusatalltimes.Everydigitalprocessandsocialmediaexchangeproducesit.Systems,sensorsandmobiledevicestransmitit.Bigdataisarrivingfrommultiplesourcesatanalarmingvelocity(速度/率),volumeandvariety.Toextractmeaningfulvaluefrombigdata,youneedoptimalprocessingpower,analyticcapabilitiesandskills.What is changing in the realm of big data?Bigdataischangingthewaypeoplewithinorganizationsworktogether.ItiscreatingacultureinwhichbusinessandITleadersmustjoinforcestorealizevaluefromalldata.Insightsfrombigdatacanenableallemployeestomakebetterdecisionsdeepeningcustomerengagement,optimizingoperations,preventingthreatsandfraud,andcapitalizingonnewsourcesofrevenue.Butescalatingdemandforinsightsrequiresafundamentallynewapproachtoarchitecture,toolsandpractices.BIG DATA SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)第10页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Information AnalysisNote:Peak oil,aneventbasedonM.KingHubbertstheory,isthepointintimewhenthemaximumrateofpetroleumextractionisreached,afterwhichtherateofproductionisexpectedtoenterterminaldecline.Peakoiltheoryisbasedontheobservedrise,peak(sometimesrapid)fall,anddepletionofaggregateproductionrateinoilfieldsovertime.Mostlyduetothedevelopmentofnewproductiontechniquesandtheexploitationofunconventionalsupplies,Hubbertsoriginalpredictionsforworldproductionprovedpremature.第11页 SECTION 2 TEXT LEARNING (A)Theme Discussion(open)Do you agree or disagree with peak oil theory?Why?第12页1.These stunning changes in the domestic oil and gas markets have taken nearly everyone by surprise.You bet.And it will happen because of yet more technology-information technology to be specific.(Para.3)这些国内油气市场巨变让几乎每一个人都感到震惊。不过这种生产力快速发展能连续吗？当然能够。而且会有更多技术使之得以连续 详细地说，是信息技术。第13页2.Were not talking about the racks of computers,optical convertors and interrogators on hand,but the hundreds of hair-thin optical fibers that underpin the global Internet.(Para.4)我们说不是手边一排排计算机，光学转换器和应答机，而是放在平板拖车上数百英尺长脏兮兮手臂粗电缆。电缆线内是一样细如发丝联通全球互联网光纤。第14页3.The quantity of data gushing out of 3D surveys would have overwhelmed petroleum engineers but for the happy coincidence of the dawn of modern computing.(Para.8)要不是要不是令人欣喜地出现了令人欣喜地出现了当代计算技术当代计算技术，3D3D成像技术成像技术所生成大量数据足以压垮石油工程师们所生成大量数据足以压垮石油工程师们。第15页4.Similarly,used as a sensor,even a subtle environmental change like vibration encodes itself into And,despite being fabricated from glass,optical fiber is remarkably robust and temperature tolerant.(Para.12)一样，光纤传感器中即使是像振动这么微小环境改变也会被编码成光纤中激光束。光纤传感器这种极具吸引力特征不但在于其对振动精准灵敏度，也在于光纤本身不需要动力和电子部件（这一事实）。而且，即使光纤是由玻璃制成，但它强度和耐热性极佳。第16页5.But the revolution really takes hold as the full power of U.S.Seismics richer data and brittle behavior of rocks in the subsurface.(Para.13)不过不过，伴随，伴随美国地震企业美国地震企业提供提供更为更为丰富丰富数据流数据流，从而推进，从而推进更更优化优化算法算法和更加好和更加好能容纳能容纳地下岩石塑性和地下岩石塑性和脆性脆性复杂组合复杂组合动态动态地球物理建模地球物理建模出现出现，这场油气这场油气革命会真正地生根发芽革命会真正地生根发芽。第17页6.But the combination of exaflood of new sensor data with increasingly ubiquitous access to Cloud-based super-computing,available at low cost and by-the-drink,is bullish for everyone,especially for smaller companies.(Para.14)不过，不过，新传感器数据大量涌现，基于云超级计算日益便捷新传感器数据大量涌现，基于云超级计算日益便捷可取，二者结合得以降低成本，应用起来更为方便，所以可取，二者结合得以降低成本，应用起来更为方便，所以受到了个人尤其是小企业青睐受到了个人尤其是小企业青睐。第18页SECTION 3 TEXT B&CText B Text B Key Sentences第19页LanguagePoints1.Thisoilrevivalisspurredbyanunparalleledinvestmentcyclethatstartedin2003andhasreacheditsclimaxfrom2010on,withthree-yearinvestmentsinoilandgasexplorationandproductionofmorethan$1.5trillion(2012dataareestimates).（Para.4）翻译：这轮石油复兴是由一场空前投资热潮带动。这场热潮始于，从20后到达白热化。20数据显示，三年时间内油气勘探和生产投资额超出了15亿美元。SECTION 3 TEXT B第20页LanguagePoints2.Thanks to the technological revolution brought about by the combined use of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing,the U.S.is now exploiting its huge and virtually untouched shale and tight oil fields,whose production-although still in its infancy-is already skyrocketing in North Dakota and Texas.(Para.7)翻译翻译：应用应用水平钻孔技术及水力压裂技术结合，引发了新一轮水平钻孔技术及水力压裂技术结合，引发了新一轮技术革新，在此基础上，美国正着力开发以前从未触及页岩油技术革新，在此基础上，美国正着力开发以前从未触及页岩油田及致密油油田。这些油藏储量极为丰富，尽管其勘探仍在早田及致密油油田。这些油藏储量极为丰富，尽管其勘探仍在早期，不过在北达科他州及德克萨斯州产量已经有大幅提升期，不过在北达科他州及德克萨斯州产量已经有大幅提升。SECTION 3 TEXT B第21页LanguagePoints3.The U.S.shale/tight oil could be a paradigm-shifter for the oil world,because it could alter its features by allowing not only for the development of the worlds still virgin shale/tight oil formations,but also for recovering more oil from conventional,established oilfields whose average recovery rate is currently no higher than 35 percent.(Para.8)翻译翻译：美国美国页岩油页岩油/致密油革命促进了全球未经开采页岩油致密油革命促进了全球未经开采页岩油/致致密油岩层开发，提升了已开采常规油田采油率（当前平均采油密油岩层开发，提升了已开采常规油田采油率（当前平均采油率不高于率不高于35%35%），给传统石油领域带来极大改变，成为全球石），给传统石油领域带来极大改变，成为全球石油领域转型典范油领域转型典范。SECTION 3 TEXT B第22页LanguagePoints4.Coupledwithglobalmarketinstability,thesefeaturesofthecurrentoilmarketwillmakeithighlyvolatileuntil,withsignificantprobabilitiesofanoilpricefallduetothefundamentalsofsupplyanddemand,andpossiblenewspikesduetogeopoliticaltensions.(Para.15)翻译：到，伴随全球性市场不稳定，当前石油市场上述特点也会失稳，供求关系也有可能造成国际油价下跌，同时担心国际地缘政治也会造成新矛盾出现。SECTION 3 TEXT B第23页EXERCISESI LanguageI LanguageII Oral PresentationII Oral PresentationIII TranslationIII TranslationIV Essay WritingIV Essay WritingEngineering Communication FocusesEngineering Communication Focuses第24页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1GlossaryMatch1.e2.f3.h4.a5.g6.c7.d8.bh答案改为h.h.a computing hardware machine or group of computing hardware machines commonly referred to as a server connected through a communication networkTask2WordsorExpressions1.correlation2.underpins3.propagated4.recovered5.infiltrated6.beforeignto7.issubjectto8.fret9.wane10.subsidiesLanguage第25页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1QuestionsandAnswersAnswer the following questions according to the information from Text A,B or C.Question1.TextAQuestion2.Paragraph12oftextBQuestion3.Paragraph13oftextBQuestion4.Paragraph1oftextCQuestion5.Paragraphs14oftextCOralPresentation第26页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1QuestionsandAnswers1.TheimpactofbigdataontheoilandgasfieldistheimprovedproductivityofthetypicaloilorgasrigonAmericasshalefields,thedroppedaveragecosttofindandyieldanewbarrelandotherstunningchangesintheU.S.oilandgasmarkets.Theanswerscanbebasedonthemainideaofthewholepassage.(TextA)OralPresentation第27页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1QuestionsandAnswers2.Itisduenotonlytothehugeresourcebaseofshale/tightoilplaysexistingintheU.S.,butalsotosomeuniquefeaturesoftheU.S.oilindustryandmarket.WiththeexceptionofCanada,thesekeyfeaturesareforeigntootherpartsoftheworld,andtheymaketheU.S.andCanadaasortofuniquearenaofexperimentationandinnovation.(TextB,para.12)OralPresentation第28页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1QuestionsandAnswers3.Theanalysisoftheoilfutureissubjecttoasignificantmarginoferror,dependingonseveralcircumstancesthatextendbeyondtherisksineachprojectorcountry.Inparticular,anewworldwiderecession,adrasticretractionoftheChineseeconomy,orasuddenresolutionofthemajorpoliticaltensionsaffectingabigoilproducercouldtriggeramajordownturnorevenacollapseofthepriceofoil,i.e.afallofoilpricesbelow$70perbarrel(Brentcrude).(TextB,para.13)OralPresentation第29页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1QuestionsandAnswers4.FromtheviewpointofGermanmanufacturers,therearetwowaystheU.S.shalegasrevolutionimpliesaworrisomecompetitivechallenge.First,cheapernaturalgasintheU.S.isloweringelectricityandotherenergycostsforAmericanmanufacturers,whileGermanyscontinuedtorise.Secondly,astheU.S.beginstobuildfacilitiesforexportofliquefiedgas(LNG),thiscapacitycouldhaveasignificanteffectonthepriceofelectricityandgasinAsia.ByloweringenergycostswouldimproveAsiancompetitivenessversustheEU.(TextC,para.1)OralPresentation第30页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask1QuestionsandAnswers5.Mostfundamentally,themissedtargetshavebeentheresultofcompetitivepressuresfromabroad.Inotherwords,oilandgaspricessimplyneverwenthighenoughforalongenoughtimetomakemorecostlyEuropeanalternativessufficientlycompetitive.(TextC,para.14)OralPresentation第31页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask2DiscussionandDebateThetopicsofthefollowingthreetaskscomefromsomerelatedhotissuesofthethreetexts.ThefirstonecomesfromTextA,whosethemeisabouttechnologicalinnovationofbigdata,sothefurthertopiccanbeabouttheconfidentialityofinformationtechnology;TextBisabouttheU.S.shale/tightoilrevolutionanditsimpact,sothesecondtaskisdesignedtodiscusslesseningthescientificandtechnologicalgapbetweenChinaandwesterncountries;TextCisaboutGermanysenergiewendecomparedwithNorthAmericanenergyrevolution,sothethirdtaskisdesignedtofurtherdiscusstheimpactofNorthAmericanenergyrevolutionontheworldenergysituation.OralPresentation第32页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESOralPresentationTask3CriticalThinkingEnhancementConsidering the quick development of science andtechnology,humanbeingsincreasinglyobsessedwithit,so the way in and out of the relationship of humancreaturesandscienceandtechnologyisthehotissueforall arts field;this task is designed to discuss therelationship between human creatures and sci-tecdevelopment.第33页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTranslation1.1.新传感器数据大量涌现，基于云超级计算日益便捷可取，新传感器数据大量涌现，基于云超级计算日益便捷可取，二者结合得以降低成本，应用起来更为方便，所以受到了个二者结合得以降低成本，应用起来更为方便，所以受到了个人尤其是小企业青睐。人尤其是小企业青睐。2.2.应用水平钻孔技术及水力压裂技术结合，引发了新一轮技应用水平钻孔技术及水力压裂技术结合，引发了新一轮技术革新，在此基础上，美国正着力开发以前从未触及页岩油术革新，在此基础上，美国正着力开发以前从未触及页岩油田及致密油油田，这些油藏储量极为丰富，尽管其勘探仍在田及致密油油田，这些油藏储量极为丰富，尽管其勘探仍在早期，不过在北达科他州及德克萨斯州产量已经有大幅提升。早期，不过在北达科他州及德克萨斯州产量已经有大幅提升。Task1TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.第34页 SECTION 3 EXERCISES3.到，伴随全球性市场不稳定，当前石油市场上述特点也会失稳，供求关系也有可能造成国际油价下跌，同时担心国际地缘政治也会造成新矛盾出现。4.4.也就是说，造成雄心勃勃计划泡汤并不是建设可替换能源也就是说，造成雄心勃勃计划泡汤并不是建设可替换能源项目形成直接成本（按绝对量来算），而是企业为支付高昂项目形成直接成本（按绝对量来算），而是企业为支付高昂可替换能源如电力、运输业燃料、热能等以非竞争价格形式可替换能源如电力、运输业燃料、热能等以非竞争价格形式存在间接成本。存在间接成本。5.5.美国非常规气革命复杂作用效果需要仔细量化计算，其效美国非常规气革命复杂作用效果需要仔细量化计算，其效应也应该客观评价，而不应该或者把它滥用作为放弃能源转应也应该客观评价，而不应该或者把它滥用作为放弃能源转型借口，或者深入把成本转嫁到消费者或者中小生产者，很型借口，或者深入把成本转嫁到消费者或者中小生产者，很显然这两种趋势都存在。显然这两种趋势都存在。Translation第35页 SECTION 3 EXERCISESTask2TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.It has been four years since the Gulf of Mexico oil spill.Since then the public swings away from the exploration of offshore oil and gas to the risk and rewards of onshore oil and gas,including the hydraulic fracturing technology.IEA reports it is necessary to explore more complex projects such as the Brazilian coastal areas to meet the increasing need of resources.But the difficulty of exploring these projects is no less than launching human being to the moon,such as the technological difficulties and the high cost in exploring deepwater oil field or the high cost of exploring r