2015-2016学年高二英语下册综合检测练习题31.doc

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GRAMMAR
不定式
【语境展示一】观察下面各句中不定式的用法，然后加以总结。
1. I’m glad to see you’re feeling better.
2. She woke to see Ben standing by the window.
3. She’s said to be writing a novel.
4. Phillip is said to have left Shanghai.
5. They were all waiting for the gate to be opened.
6. It was his good fortune not to have been injured.
7. We decided not to buy that house.
【自我归纳一】
1. 不定式的形式及含义
不定式
形式
含义
例句
不定式的一般式
to do
表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作或状态同时发生或在它之后发生。
句1和句2
不定式的进行式
to be doing
表示的动作正在进行，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。
句3
不定式的完成式
________
表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前。
句4
不定式的被动式
to be done / to have been done
逻辑主语与不定式表示的动作之间是被动关系。
句5和句6
2. 不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to前加________（句7）。
【语境展示二】观察下面各句中不定式的用法，然后加以总结。
1. To answer that question is difficult.
2. It is foolish to read such a book.
3. I can’t bear to see you like this.
4. He’s finding it hard to cope.
5. My only wish is to do something for the public.
6. The manager asked them to leave.
7. What’s the right way to address the Queen?
8. He was doing this to make me more relaxed.
9. Jerry was very disappointed to hear it.
10. I ran to the station only to find that the train had left.
【自我归纳二】
动词不定式可在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语和状语。
★作主语，一般表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用第三人称单数（句1）；有时为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语不定式放在句尾（句2）。
★作宾语（句3）；若带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语不定式后置（句4）。
★作表语，常用来说明主语的具体内容（句5）。
★作宾语补足语，常用来补充说明宾语要干什么（句6）。
★作定语，位于所修饰的词之后（句7）。
★作状语，表示目的、原因、结果等（句8—句10）。
注意：
★不定式作表语时，其主语除了表示意向、打算、计划等的词之外，常见的还有idea, task, purpose, duty, dream等。如：
The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.
Her dream is to make a movie.
★在某些动词后用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语的句子，改为被动结构时，不定式要加to。这类动词常见的有see, watch, notice, feel, hear, make, let, have等。如：
He saw a child enter the building. → A child was seen to enter the building.
People often heard her sing this song. → She was often heard to sing this song.
The man made me move the car. → I was made to move the car.
【即学即练】
I. 用括号内所给单词的不定式的适当形式填空。
1. I shall go to the airport ________ (meet) a friend.
2. I rushed to the door, only ________ (discover) that it was locked.
3. Have you got ready for the meeting ________ (hold) tomorrow?
4. James Watt is known ________ (invent) the steam engine.
5. The book was said ________ (translate) into English in 1936.
6. The girl was seen ________ (enter) the supermarket and buy herself a bottle of juice.
7. It might be better ________ (try) discussing it in his own language, as he isn’t used to speaking English yet.
8. —Did he manage ________ (carry) the large box upstairs?
—No, he didn’t. He isn’t strong enough even _________ (move) it, let alone carry it upstairs.
II. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. A: Hello, Kevin, how was your summer holiday? You seem to have enjoyed a fantastic one.
B: Yes, of course. I went to Mountain Tai with my family. __________________ (它确实是个值得去的好地方). To share it with you, I took a lot of pictures. And I have something interesting to tell you.
A: Great!
2. A: Julia, I have a meeting to attend tomorrow, so I will fly to Wuhan. __________________ (有没有什么东西需要给你带的)?
B: No thanks. Oh, by the way, did you go to Stefanie Sun’s concert yesterday?
A: I hurried to the ticket office yesterday, _________ _______________ (却被告知票已卖完了).
III. 用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。
People in many countries like to celebrate Carnival. Dancing and laughing can be heard in New Orleans, Rio de Janeiro, and most cities in Spain. The residents of these cities expect to spend months 1. ________ (practice) their routines in “samba” schools.
In Rio de Janeiro, most of the citizens take a long time 2. ________ (make) costumes and prepare floats (花车) for the carnival’s many parades. Each float has a theme. The costumes are designed 3. ________ (match) this theme, and original dances are arranged 4. ________ (represent) this idea. It sounds like fun, but it’s really hard work 5. ________ (organize) all of these efforts. Practicing takes up more time each day as Carnival approaches.
In New Orleans, residents compete 6. ________ (name) “king” of a float. Competition is fierce, and future kings are required 7. ________ (prove) that they have enough money to pay for the Crewe. Building the Crewe and designing and paying for costumes are all part of the king’s job.
参考答案
【自我归纳一】to have done；not
【即学即练】
I. 1. to meet  2. to discover     3. to be held     4. to have invented      5. to have been translated   6. to enter       7. to try          8. to carry; to move
II.
1. It is really a good place to visit
2. Do you have anything to be taken for you; only to be told there was no ticket left
III.
1. practicing 2. to make 3. to match 4. to represent 5. to organize / organizing 6. to be named 7. to prove

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东>
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，惟余莽莽；
大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，
欲与天公试比高。
须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。
江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。
惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；
唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。
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俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。
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东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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