雅思小图表写作技巧市公开课一等奖百校联赛获奖课件.pptx

Name:Name:Shalin ShalinExperience:Experience:I Gratuated from English I Gratuated from English Major and passed CET-6Major and passed CET-6with high marks,especillay on with high marks,especillay on Writing.Writing.Almost 2 years teaching on Almost 2 years teaching on English,mainly on English,mainly on New Concept English in Well New Concept English in Well Education,later inEducation,later inShiny Light English Training Shiny Light English Training School.School.who am I?第1页TASK 1 雅思写作 图表篇第2页第3页备考提议1.跳出图形分类，更多关注图形动静表示 （上升下降为主，还是大小为主）Sample C4-T4 (1个线性图和1个柱状图，结合了上升下降和大小描述）2.高分关键点：描述总体趋势，表示方式要多样化 3.破除对地图和流程图恐惧 （C9T1地图题，C8T3流程图）第4页备考策略1.熟记惯用单词、词组和句型使用方法。2.灵活处理单词，利用有把握词3.多用被动语态4.使用必要衔接词5.降低语法错误6.考试中保持日常心态第5页图表图表5种类型种类型A.Chart 1.Pie chart 饼图饼图 2.Line Chart 线图线图 3.Bar Chart 柱状图柱状图B.Table 表格表格 C.Flow Chart 流程图流程图 Learn the new while reviewing the old 第6页图标类别（chartgraphdiagram）barpielinetable第7页写作要求第一第一 客观性客观性不能有想象成份，总结归纳要符合逻辑。不能有想象成份，总结归纳要符合逻辑。第二第二 准确性准确性数据要求准确（数据要求准确（不抄错不抄错），能够合理目测（），能够合理目测（大约数值大约数值）。）。第三第三 详尽性详尽性4 4类特征数据一定介绍：类特征数据一定介绍：最大值（最大值（maximummaximum），最小值（），最小值（minimumminimum），），交叉点（交叉点（intersectionintersection），改变趋势（），改变趋势（trendtrend）。）。第8页写作步骤1.了解题目,把握整体2.浏览图标文字信息（标题、标注、单位、注解、坐标轴代表信息）3.浏览图标数字信息4.定框架，写文章5.检验错误第9页需要注意主要问题1.时态时态：图表作文大部分时间使用过去时态过去时态，因为出现数据普通都是以往统计数据.不过假如图表里没有出现任何以往年度，或者没有显示过去统计数据，那么用普通现在时普通现在时比较理想。在少数情况下，图标作文会出现预期值，这个时候就要用未来时态未来时态；在使用未来时态时候尽可能防止用will，这么词语气过分必定，能够用其它说法，像be likely to,be predicted/expected/forecast to.第10页2.语言语言：雅思图表作文需要正式书面语言，强调客观和准确，要注意降低第一人称使用，降低非正式说法。3.副词位置：动词后面副词位置：动词后面类似副词：dramatically,steadily,considerably,sharply,steeply,moderately,slightly第11页4.被动：在小作文中，表示上升和下降单词普通都是不及物动词不及物动词，没有被动语态。The weight of the service sector in GDP was dropped（）from 80 percent in 1980 to over 70 percent in 1990第12页柱状图 Bar Chart观察方法：把相同属性柱子顶端连起来写作技巧：抓重点描述数据 找到对比鲜明那一对描述清楚，其它能够一带而过注意：数据太多时候,起点，结点和数量相起点，结点和数量相等点等点必写，倍数点倍数点必写。第13页The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960,1980 and.第14页第15页柱状图线状图四线图分类增加 car 降低 bus波动 train tube第16页19601980第17页P1The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960,1980 and.题目The bar graph shows the changing patterns in commuting by train,car,tube or bus for commuters in one European city in the years 1960,1980 and.第18页P2The number of people using trains at first rose from just under 20%in 1960 to about 26%in 1980,but then fell back to about 23%in.第19页P3Use of the tube was relatively stable,falling from around 27%of commuters in 1960 to 22%in 1980,but climbing back to reach 25%by.第20页P4On the other hand,the use of cars increased steadily from just over 5%in 1960 to 23%in 1980,reaching almost 40%by,whereas the popularity of buses has declined since 1960,falling from just under 35%in 1960 to 27%in 1980 and only 15%in.第21页剑4P78The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualification in Australia and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.第22页The chart below shows the average earnings per week,in pounds sterling,of people with different levels of education living in the UK between 1965 and 1995.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information.1.1 Analyzing the Data第23页Average Earnings Per Week第24页Rewrite the data to make it easier to review.第25页Looking For Expectations,Unexpected Findings and TrendsHow to analyze the data?第26页An increase in earnings over the thirty-year period.The higher a persons education,the greater will be their earnings.Expectations第27页Trends1.There was an overall increase in earnings across the board.2.Over the thirty-year period,there was a big increase in earnings amongst people with high school certificates(85).第28页3.There was a gradual increase in earning amongst people with a university degree.4.The increase in earnings for the whole period was less for people with a Bachelors degree(60)than for people with a Masters or Doctoral degree(70).第29页Dont simply list the changes that took place.Explain how the changes happened,compared to other data in the chart.Look for differences between the categories and within the categories.1.2 Developing your ideas第30页Comparing And Contrasting The DataCompared toExample:Compared to high school leavers,university graduates earned a high salary in 1965.In contrastExample:In 1965,people with a Masters or a Doctoral degree only earned slightly more than people with a Bachelors degree.In contrast,however,university graduates earned far more than school leavers(中学毕业生).第31页Significant differenceExample:Between 1965 and 1985,there was a significant difference in the earnings between high school leavers and university graduates.第32页开始写作当我们面对一堆数据无从下手时候，普通来说，阅读数据能够遵照以下标准：时间，最高标准时间，最高标准：1，假如出现一组时间，从时间最早开始描述：比如1979-1999年，从1979开始描述。2，假如同一年代出现能够比较数据，那么从最高值最高值开始描述；比如1979年出现几国家数据，那么从最高值开始描述。3，假如没有出现年份，那么就关注最高值，从最高值开始描述（pie,bar）第33页不全部描述标准不全部描述标准不要描述全部数据。注意描述最低数据和最有特点数值，而不是单个数据；在line图中，主要描述是趋势而不是单个数据，不过数据必须提到,比如最大值和最小值；在其它三图标中，把近似数据分类，一起描述。结束标准结束标准Line图中以最终出现数值结束；其它三种图标以最低值结束描述。第34页分段介绍段主体段总结段第35页介绍段介绍段能够参考作文题目，不过千万不能照抄题目，我们改写题目标方法主要有四种：1，改变关键词词性。2，改变关键词位置,比如改变主语。3，用同义词取代其中某一些词。4，灵活加入图标文字信息第36页Example：题目：The graphs below show the enrolments(注册，登记)of oversea and local students in Britains universities改写：The charts provide information about the overseas students and local students enrolled(注册，登记)in Britains universities from 1989 to 1999图标题介绍段万能模板：The lineschartsdiagrams(单复数自己看清)describeillustratedemonstrate summariseprovide the information aboutfrom.to.(加年份)namely.,.,and.(没年份只有类别情况)第37页主题段落第一句话：描述图表显著趋势或特征，其余句子按照之前提到标准描述即可。趋势和特征能够是整体趋势，最大值或者改变最大值。每一句话：每一句话必须有三个组成部分，分别是文字信息，数字信息和比较。文字信息（主导）数字信息（辅助）第38页Example1:The average US family had 4.5 people in 1915,3.3 in 1967 and 2.6 in.改后：Average family size in the US has been shrinking,from 3.3 people in 1967 to 2.6 people in,compared with 4.5 people in 1915第39页Example2:America had a property crime rate of 1250 in 100000 people,and China experienced a rate of 529 per 100000 inhabitants.改后：The property crime rate in China was relatively low,529 per 100000 people,less than half the rate in America第40页总结段图表作文中总结段可写可不写，可视字数而定，不过我提议你们写，能够使文章看起来愈加完整。写什么：总结文中最主要信息或者是最主要趋势即可。第41页词汇与句型主体段第一句话：1，It is clear from the图标类型 that.2,According to the 图标类型 that.3,As shown in the图标类型,4,As can be seen from the 图标类型 that5,It is apparent from the图标类型 that第42页主题段第二句开头：主题段第二句开头：“详细怎么说详细怎么说”To be more exact=more exactlyTo be more precise=more preciselyTo be more specific=more specifically第43页上升（verb）:go up/rise/grow/increase/ascend急剧上升（verb）:Jump/surge/shoot up/soar下降（verb）:Decline/fall/drop/sink/dip/decrease/decend急剧下降（verb）Plummet/plunge第44页上升（n.）An increase/a rise/a growth/an upturn/a surge/an upsurge/an upward trend下降（n.）A fall/a decrease/a decline/a drop/a downturn/a downturn trend第45页表示急剧，幅度大形容词：Sharp/dramatic/drastic/rapid/precipitous/steep/marked/substantial/significant 副词加 ly表示迟缓，小幅度形容词：Gradual/steady/gentle/slow/moderate/slight 副词加 ly第46页表示波动（verb+n.）:Fluctuate/a fluctuation表示稳定在某个水平面上：Stablize at./reach a plateau at/Remain/stay the same at./unchanged at./steady at./stable at./constant at第47页表示到达最高点：Peak at./reach the highest point at./reach the peak at.(peak能够做名词和动词)表示到达最低点：Bottom at./reach the lowest point at./reach the bottom at.(bottom能够做名词和动词)第48页表示经历了某种改变动词：Experience/witness/see表示到达多少数量动词或词组：Reach/arrive at/amount to/hit/register表示占.多少动词：Account for/represent/constitute/make up/take up第49页表示对未来预测词组：It is projected./it is predicted./it is forecast/it is expected.to表示分别词汇：Respectively/namely大约：About/around/approximately/roughly第50页第51页句型表示上升，下降，不变，波动句型1，There is a+(形容词)+(上升，下降波动名词)+in+数据+时间2，描述对象+（上升，下降，波动，不变动词）+（副词）+数据+时间3，描述对象+（see/witness/experience)+a（形容词）+(上升，下降波动名词)+数据+时间表示顶点，底点句型描述对象+reach its peak/bottom/highest point/lowest point/plateau at.(peak/bottom at)+数据+时间第52页同一数据表示倍数：描述对象+double/increase three times/decrease three times+时间There is a two-fold increase/decrease in the(描述对象)+时间描述对象+in+年份 is only half/one-third of the year in+年份Increase to/by decrease to/by第53页不一样数据间倍数关系A is/are twice/three times as many/much/big as BThere is/are twice/three times as many/much/big A as BA is/are one third that of B第54页 20.as can be seen from the graph,the two curves show thefluctuation of.如图所表示，两条曲线描述了如图所表示，两条曲线描述了.波动情况。波动情况。21.over the period from.to.the.remained stable.在在.至至.期间，期间，.基本不变。基本不变。22.in the year between.and./from to.在在.年到年到.期间期间.第55页 23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998.1995年至年至1998三年里三年里.24.from then on/from this time onwards.从那时起从那时起.25.the number of.remained steady/stable from(month/year)to (month/year).月月(年年)至至.月（年月（年).数量基本不变。数量基本不变。第56页26.the number went up sharply to.数字急剧上升至数字急剧上升至.27.the percentage of.stayed the same between.and.至至.期间期间.比率维持不变。比率维持不变。28.the figures peaked at.in(month/year).数目在数目在.月（年）到达顶点，为月（年）到达顶点，为.29.the percentage remained steady at.比率维持在比率维持在.第57页30.the percentage of.is slightly larger/smaller than that of.百分比比百分比比.百分比略高（低百分比略高（低31.there is not a great deal of difference between.and.与与.区分不大。区分不大。32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of.该图表表明该图表表明.数目增加了四倍。数目增加了四倍。第58页33.decreased year by year while.increased steadily.逐年降低，而逐年降低，而.逐步上升。逐步上升。34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at)of%.情况（局势）抵达顶（高）点，为情况（局势）抵达顶（高）点，为.百分点。百分点。35.the figures/situation bottomed out in.数字（情况）在数字（情况）在.抵达底部。抵达底部。第59页36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.数字（情况）到达底部（低谷）。数字（情况）到达底部（低谷）。37.a is.times as much/many as b.a是是b.倍。倍。38.a increased by.a增加了增加了.39.a increased to.a增加到增加到.第60页 40.high/low/great/small/percentage.比低高（低）比低高（低）41.there is an upward trend in the number of.数字呈上升趋势。数字呈上升趋势。42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from.to.到到.发生急剧上升。发生急剧上升。第61页 43.from.to.the rate of decrease slow down.从从.到到.，下降速率减慢。，下降速率减慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual decline/reduction in the.,reaching a figure of.从这年起，从这年起，.逐步下降至逐步下降至.45.be similar to.与与.相同相同第62页 46.be the same as.与与.相同相同47.there are a lot similarities/differences between.and.与与.之间有许多相同（不一样）之处之间有许多相同（不一样）之处48.a has something in common with b a于于b有共同之处。有共同之处。第63页 49.the difference between a and b lies in.a与与b之间差异在于之间差异在于.50.(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in.年年.急剧上升。急剧上升。第64页