对照常用统计质量管理中英文对照表.doc

中英文对照表Accept接受Acceptance sampling验收抽样Accurate精确Actual data实际值Adjust调整Adopt采用Aircraft飞机Allow允许Alternative hypothesis备择假设Approach趋近Approximately/approximation 近似ARL (Average run length)平均链长Assembly装配Assignable cause异常因素Assigned to 分派. 工作Assume/ Assumption假设(动词)/假设(名词)ATS (Average time to signal)平均报警时间Attentive加严Attributes计数数据Automotive汽车Average平均，均值Batch批量Bearing 轴承Bell-shaped钟形Bernoulli distribution贝努利分布Beverage饮料Biased有偏的Bin柱Binomial distribution二项分布Can 罐头Capable过程能力强Casting铸造Cause and-effect Diagram因果图Center line中心线Center tendency中心倾向Centered/ Centering(如分布中心与规范中心等)中心重合Central limit theorem中心极限定理Chance Cause异常因素Check sheet检查表Chi-square（卡方）分布CI (Confidence Interval)置信区间Civil engineer土木工程师Coefficient系数Compute计算Concrete混凝土Conditional probability条件概率Confidence置信度Conform/ Conformance/ conforming符合Constant常数Constrain限制条件Consumers risk ()使用方风险Contain包含Container容器content含量continuous连续型Continuous improvement连续改善Controllable可控的Corrective action纠正措施Correlation相关性Count计数Critical value临界值Cumulative累积的Cumulative distribution累积概率分布Cumulative frequency累积频数Current当前，通用Customer satisfaction顾客满意Customer-driven以客为本CUSUM (Cumulative Sum)累计和控制图CWQC（Company-wide quality control）全公司质量管理Cycle循环Cylinder汽缸Decision决策Defect缺陷Defect concentration diagram缺陷图Define限定Degrees of freedom自由度Delete删除Demonstrate论证Departure偏离Design of experiments实验设计Desired盼望的Detection检出Diameter直径Discrete离散型Efficient有效性Eliminate消除Employee involvement全员参与Engine发动机Ensure保证Equal相等的，等于Equation公式Errors错误Estimate/estimation估计/估计量Evaluation评估EWMA(Exponential weighted Moving Average)指数加权移动平均控制图Exceeding超过Excess of超过Expected盼望Exponential distribution指数分布Exponential smoothing指数平滑External/Internal customer外部/内部顾客Factor因子Factorial design因子设计Failure rate失效率，故障率Fallout不合格False alarm虚发警报Feed back反馈Finite有限的Fitness for use合用性Fraction小数，分数Fraction nonconforming不合格率Free of charge免费Frequency频数Frequency distribution频数分布Frequency tables频率频数表FTR (Failure to reject)接受Gear齿轮Histogram直方图Historical data历史数据Homogenous同类的Hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布Hypothesis testing假设检查Identify辨认Illustrate 说明Implementation实行In control控制状态In.英寸inadequate局限性Incorrect dimension尺寸错误Independent互相独立Indicate表白Individual单值Individual measurement单值测量Inevitable不可避免的Inexperienced operator 缺少经验的工作人员Infinite无限的Infinity无穷Inside diameter内径Inspection检查Inspection unit检查单位Installation安装Instantaneous短期的Instantaneous variability短期变异Interpretation解释Interval (in histogram)组距Interval estimation区间估计Inversely proportional成反比Investigation调查Irregular异常ISO (International organization for Standards)国际标准化组织Isolate分离Iteration迭代Landing 降落LCL (Lower control limit下控制限Leak渗漏Leave alone不做调整Linear regression线性回归Locate位于Location 位置Lot批LSL (lower specification limits)下规范限Magnificent seven质量控制七种工具Magnitude量值Maintain维修Manpower人力Mass production大规模生产Material材料Max最大值Mean均值Mean shift均值偏移Measurement 测量Memoryless无记忆性Method of Maximum likelihood (MML)最大似然估计Midpoint中点Milestones重大事件Min最小值Minimal Path最小途径Minimal Cut最小割Mission使命Model模型Mound shape小丘形状Moving average移动平均Moving range移动极差Nominal 名义上的Nonconforming不合格Nonconforming Unit不合格品Nonconformity不合格数Normal distribution正态分布NTL (Nature tolerance limit)自然容差限LNTL/UNTL上/下自然容差限Null hypothesis原假设Number of defect缺陷数Numerical 数字表达的，数值的Observation观测值OC (Operating characteristic) curve操作特性曲线Occurrence发生Off-center process分布中心偏移于规范中心One-sided单侧On-line在线Operator error操作人员失误Optimize优化Order statistic顺序记录量Out of control失控Parameter参数Parameters of XXX chart指控制图的控制线Pareto chart帕雷托图，排列图Participation参与Partnering合作Pattern模式PCR (Process capability ratio)过程能力指数PDCA (Planning, Doing, Checking, Action)PDCA循环Percentage比例Performance实绩Philosophy理念Piston ring活塞环Plot描点Point estimation点估计Poisson distribution泊松分布Population总体Potential潜在Power of the test检查的功效PPM (part per million)百万分之一Predefine预定Preliminary data预备样本Pressure strength抗压强度Prevention防止Previous以前的Probability概率Probability density function概率密度函数Probability distribution概率分布Process 过程Process capability过程能力Process mean过程均值Producers risk ()生产者风险Profit利润（销售收入-成本）Proportion 比率Quality质量Quality chain质量链Quality characteristics质量特性Quality control质量控制Quality control Technician质量控制人员Quality engineering质量工程Quality improvement质量改善Quality wheelPDCARandom随机Random sampling随机抽样Random variable随机变量Range极差Rational subgroup合理分组Raw material原材料Recorded data记录值Reduction减少Regardless of 不管Regression回归Reject region拒绝域Reliability可靠性Relationship关系Relative frequency频率Relative range相对极差Reliability可靠性Remain保持Remaining余下的Remark评论Replacement有放回Represent代表，表达Respectively分别Reveal展现Revised 修订Rework返工Robust稳健Rough粗糙Routine平常Run链Run down递减Run length链长Run up递增Sample样本Sample average样本均值Sample frequency样本频数Sample mean样本均值Sample size样本容量Sample standard deviation (S)样本标准差Sample variance (S2)样本方差Sampling distribution抽样分布Scatter分散适度Scatter diagram散点图Scrap废品Sequence连续，顺序Severity严重Shape形状Shewhart charts休哈特控制图Significant level 显著性水平（）Simultaneously同时Skewness偏度SPC (Statistical process control)记录过程控制Specification规范Specify限定Spread range变异限度SQC (Statistic quality control) 记录质量控制Square root平方根Stable稳态Standard标准Standard deviation ()标准差Standard normal标准正态分布Statistic记录量Statistical control记录控制Statistical inference记录推断statistics记录学Steel 钢Strength 强度Subgroup子组Successive observation连续观测值Sum和Supervisor监查Supplier供应商Suppose假设Surface 表面Symmetric/ symmetry对称/对称的Tabulated 制成表Target目的Teamwork团队精神Temporarily 暂时的Theoretical distribution理论分布Three-shift三班连续工作Time series时间序列Time to failure故障前时间Tolerance允差Total quality management全面质量管理Trail实验Trial control limits实验分析用控制限Trend extrapolation趋势外推Two-sided双侧UCL (Upper control limit)上控制限Unbiased无偏的Uniformity 一致性Unimodal单峰Universe总体Unknown未知Unpredictable不可预测的，易变的USL (Upper specification limits)上规范界线Variability偏差，变异Variability over time长期变异Variable变量Variable sample size可变样本容量Variation within subgroup子组内差异Variation between subgroups子组差异Variance (2)方差Variation变异Vendor小贩Versus(两坐标轴之间等)对Vertical axis纵轴Viscosity 粘度Historical axis横轴Warranty保修Weibull威布尔分布（韦伯分布）weld焊接XbarZero零-R chart均值-极差控制图-S chart均值-标准差控制图X-MR chart (individual measurement)单值-移动极差控制图p chart不合格率控制图np chart不合格品数控制图c chart不合格(缺陷)数控制图u chart单位不合格(缺陷)数控制图