元音字母在重读音节中的发音规律.doc

元音字母在重读开音节中的读音          
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
[ei]
name game
e
[i:]
he she me
i
[ai]
fine like
o
[u]
go home
u
[ju:][ u:]
use blue

-r音节的读音
字母
读 音
例      词
ar
[α:]
are car far farmer
or
[:]
or for sport short
er
ir
ur
or(w前)

[
:]
her certainly
girl bird first shirt
turn nurse
word  worse 

元音字母在重读闭音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例      词
a
[æ]
Alice map black thank
e
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
[i]
is in it this sit six milk
o
[]
not box dog hot clock
u
[ ]
mum bus cup lunch
元音字母组合在重读闭音节中的读音
元音字母组 合
读音
例词
ai ay
ei ey
[ei]

say day again play
eight they grey
al
[:]
all ball talk wall
ea
[i:]
tea teacher please
ee
[i:]
green bee three
oa
[u]
boat coat goat
oo
[u:]
noon too moon food
[u]
good look book cook
ou
ow
[au]
mouth house about
how now brown down
oi oy
[i]
boy toy noise

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词

a
在开音节中
[ei]
name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中
[æ]
bag dad hat map black back

e
在开音节中
[i:]
he these me Chinese

在闭音节中
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg

i
在开音节中
[ai]
bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中
[i]
fish big drink sit milk swim

o
在开音节中
[ou]
those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中
[ ]
clock not box shop sock

u
在开音节中
[ju:]
student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中
[ ]
bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

元音字母
读 音
例 词

a
[ ]
China another woman breakfast

[i]
orange comrade village cabbage

e
[ ]
hundred student open moment

[i]
chicken pocket begin children

i
[ ]/[i]
holiday beautiful family animal

[ai]
exercise satellite

o
[ ]
second tonight somebody welcome

[ u]
also zero photo

u
[ ]
autumn difficult

[ju(:)]
popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

元音字母
读 音
例 词

a在[w]音后面
[ ]
want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high

o在-st -ld前
[ou]
most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前
[ ]
come monkey love mother

元音字组
读 音
例 词

ar
ar在[w]音后面
[α:]
car farm dark sharpener

[ :]
warm quarter towards

or
or在[w]音后面
[ :]
forty morning short

[ :]
word worker worse

er ir ur
[ :]
certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry

-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday

元音字组
读 音
例 词

are
[ε ]
care dare hare

ere
[i ]
here mere

ire
[ai ]
fire hire wire

ore
[ :]
more score before

ure
[ju ]
pure cure

　　完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音，例如：picture pleasure
　　非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[ r]音，例如：salary

　　重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。
例如：parent zero inspiring story during

　　某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit

元音字组
读 音
例 词

ai/ay
[ei]
afraid rain wait day play

air
[ε ]
air hair chair pair repair

al
al在f m前
[ :]
small ball talk wall all

[ :l]
always also salt almost

[α:]
half calm

au/aw
[ :]
autumn daughter draw

ea
[i:]
teach easy cheap please

[e]
heavy bread sweater weather

[ei]
break great
6-09
ear
[i ]
hear dear near clear year
6-10
[ε ]
bear pear wear swear
6-11
[ :]
earth learn early
6-12
ee
[i:]
jeep week green three
6-13
eer
[i ]
pioneer deer beer
6-14
ei/ey
[ei]
eight neighbour they
6-15
eu/ew
在 j l r 后
[ju:]
new few newspaper
6-16
[u:]
flew brew jewelry
6-17
ie/[s]音后拼写为ei
[i:]
piece field receive seize
6-18
oa
[ou]
coat Joan boat goal
6-19
oar/oor
[ :]
roar board door floor
6-20
oi/oy
[ i]
noise point boy toilet
6-21
oo
[u:]
broom food tooth school
6-22
[u]
book look cook foot good
6-23
ou/ow
[au]
flower house count down
6-24
[ u]
know row throw though
6-25
[ ]
young country enough
6-26
[u:]
group you soup through
6-27
our
[ :]
course your four
6-28
[au ]
our hour ours
6-29
[ :]
journey
6-30
ui
ui 在j l r s后
[ju:i]
fluid suicide tuition
6-31
[u:]
juice fruit suit
6-32
元音字组或字群
读 音
例 词

ai/ay ei/ey
[i]
Sunday foreign monkey

ow
[ou]
yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[ ]音或[i]音。
例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion
[ n]
impression nation

-sion在元音字母后
[ n]
vision decision occasion

-tion在s后
[ n]
question suggestion

-sten
[sn]
listen christen

-stle
[sl]
whistle jostle castle

-sure
[ ]
pressure

-sure在元音字母后
[ ]
pleasure measure

-ture
[ ]
picture culture

　　复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。
例如：
　　everyday[ei]
　　handbag[æ]
　　blackboard[ :]
　　有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在时的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。
例如：
　　sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天
　　holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日
　　break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[ ] 早餐
　　cup茶杯 + board木板[ :] ＞ cupboard[ ] 碗柜
　　main主要部分 + land陆地[æ] ＞ mainland[ ] 大陆
辅字组
读 音
例 词

b
[b]
bike bus bag

[/]
bomb tomb lamb climb

c
c在e前或在i/y前
[k]
cake picture coat music

[s]
face decide cinema

ch
[ ]
much chick rich teacher

[k]
school headache chemistry

[ ]
machine Chicago

-ck
[k]
cock pocket black knock

d
[d]
doctor bread hand day

-dge
[ ]
bridge fridge

dr-
[dr]
children driver drink

f
[f]
five four breakfast

g
g在e i/y前
[ ]
bag gardon go

[ ]
orange large German

gh
[f]
cough enough rough

[/]
light daughter high eight

gu- -gue
[ ]
guess league dialogue guitar

[ w]
language anguish penguin

h
[h]
hot head house hand

[/]
hour honest honor

j
[ ]
jeep jar joke join July

k
[k]
kind bike skate make week

kn-
[n]
knife know knock

l
[l]
life milk school tall

m
[m]
monkey come tomato

-mn
[m]
autumn column solemn

n
n在[k] [g]音前
[n]
not shine ten note

[ŋ]
uncle thank hungry

-ng
[ŋ]
morning young wrong

p
[p]
paper plane pig ship pen

ph
[f]
elephant photo telephone

q
[k]
Iraq

qu-
[kw]
quality quite quarter

r
[r]
red rubber ruler

s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前
[s]
sit sleep desk

[z]
music husband

sc-
[sk]
scarlet scout Scotland

[s]
muscle science

sh
[ ]
she fish shirt wash

t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前
[t]
ten letter meet

[ ]
patient nation

tch
[ ]
watch catch match

th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[θ]
thin thirty method

[ð]
the these with than

[ð]
clothe father weather

tr-
[tr]
tree train country truck

v
[v]
very voice love leave

w
[w]
week win wake sweet wait

[/]
answer two

wh-
wh-在字母o前
[w]
what when white why

[h]
who whose whole

x
在重读元音前
[ks]
box text exercise

[gz]
example exist exact

wr-
[r]
write wrong wrist

y-
[j]
yes yard yellow young

z
[z]
puzzle zero zoo

1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [ ] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。

2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
　　　短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er

3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。

4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse.

5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup

6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：
a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor

7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion
词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation