2023年英语六级真题及答案详解.doc

2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案详解Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. you should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 有人说名字或名称很重要2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要3. 我认为On the Importance of a NamePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, Cand D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range KidsWould you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to Long story short :my son got home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didnt expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers.“Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence,” Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. “Long story longer: Half the people Ive told this episode to now want to turn on in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. Its not. Its debilitating (使虚弱)for us and for them.”Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazys decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the buffing ton post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined “More From Americas Worst Mom.”The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are Modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised? From the “shes an irresponsible mother” camp came: “Shame on you for being so careless about his safety,” in Comments on the buffing ton post. And there was this from a mother of four: “How would you have felt if he didnt come home?” But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by them selves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend: “Good for this Mom,” one commenter wrote on the buffing ton post. “This is a much-needed reality check.”Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blogFree Range, kidspromoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took busesand even subwaysall by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. “At Free Range Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard.”So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations?Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than its ever been; its ranked 36th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stringer kidnaps are extremely rare; theres a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit research group, between 1980 and 2023 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19.Then theres the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall to wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much airtime that its not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their childrens time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of todays parents were kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise t themselves to school.The extra supervision is both a city and a suburb phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they are worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city thats not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. “Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to the schools,” says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center.For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, theres no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. Whats right for Skenazys nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issue, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. “The ability to follow parent guidelines, the childs level of comfort in handling such situations, and a childs general judgment should be weighed.”Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. “At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.”But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents didnt: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism because she didnt give her kid her cell phone because she thought hed lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on moma major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids.And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a childs every movement via the Internetwithout seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as theyre on parole (假释).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1. When Lenore Skenazys son was allowed to take the subway alone, he _.Awas afraid that he might get lostBenjoyed having the independenceCwas only too pleased to take the riskDthought he was an exceptional child2. Lenore Skenazy believes that keeping kids under careful watchAhinders their healthy growthBadds too much to parents expensesCshows traditional parental cautionDbucks the latest parenting trend3. Skenazys decision to let her son take the Subway alone has net with_.Aopposition from her own familyBshare parenting experienceCfight against child abuseDprotect childrens rights4. Skenazy started her own blog to _.Apromote sensible parentingBshare parenting experienceCfight against child abuseDprotect childrens rights5. According to the author, New York City _.Aranks high in road accidentsBis much safe than beforeCranks low in child mortality ratesDis less dangerous than small cities6. Parents today are more nervous about their kids safety than previous generations because_.Athere are now fewer children in the familyBthe number of traffic accidents has been increasingCtheir fear is amplified by media exposure of crimeDcrime rates have been on the rise over the years7. According to child experts, how and when kids may be allowed more freedom depends on _.Athe traditions and customs of the communityBthe safety conditions of their neighborhoodCtheir parents psychological makeupDtheir maturity and personal qualities8. According to Gallagher and Skenazy, children who are watchful will be better able to stay away from Unsafe situations.9. Being able to find out where a child is anytime helps lessen parents Their anxiety and control.10. Nowadays with the help of GPS cell phones, parents can, from a distance, track their childrens Movements.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11. AFred forgot to call him last night about the camping trip.BHe is not going to lend his sleeping bag to Fred.CHe has not seen Fred at the gym for sometime.DFred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else.12. ASummer has become hotter in recent years.BIt will cool down a bit over the weekend.CSwimming in a pool has a relaxing effect.DHe hopes the weather forecast is accurate.13. ATaking a picture of Prof. Brown.BCommenting on an oil-painting.CHosting a TV program.DStaging a performance.14. AShe can help the man take care of the plants.BMost plants grow better in direct sunlight.CThe plants need to be watered frequently.DThe plants should be placed in a shady spot.15. AChange to a more exciting channel.BSee the movie some other time.CGo to bed early.DStay up till eleven.16. ABoth of them are laymen of modern art.BShe has beamed to appreciate modem sculptures.CItalian artists works are difficult to understand.DModern artists are generally considered weird.17. AThey seem satisfied with what they have done.BThey have called all club members to contribute. CThey think the day can be called a memorable one.DThey find it hard to raise money for the hospital.18. AThe man shouldnt hesitate to take the course.BThe man should talk with the professor first.CThe course isnt open to undergraduates.DThe course will require a lot of reading.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. ACurrent trends in economic development.BDomestic issues of general social concern.CStories about Britains relations with other nations.DConflicts and compromises among political parties.20. ABased on the poll of public opinions.BBy interviewing people who file complaints.CBy analyzing the domestic and international situation.DBased on public expectations and editors judgment.21. AUnderlying rules of editing.BPractical experience.CAudiences feedback.DProfessional qualifications.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. AThe average life span was less than 50 years.BIt was very common for them to have 12 children.CThey retired from work much earlier than today.DThey were quite optimistic about their future.23. AGet ready for ecological changes.BAdapt to the new environment.CLearn to use new technology.DExplore ways to stay young.24. AWhen all women go out to work.BWhen family planning is enforced.CWhen a world government is set up.DWhen all people become wealthier.25. AEliminate poverty and injustice.BMigrate to other planets.CControl the environment.DFind inexhaustible resources.Section B 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. ATo help young people improve their driving skills.BTo alert teenagers to the dangers of reckless driving.CTo teach young people road manners through videotapes.DTo show teens the penalties imposed on careless drivers.27. ARoad accidents.BStreet violence.CDrug abuse.DLung cancer.28. AIt has changed teens way of life.BIt has made teens feel like adults.CIt has accomplished its objective.DIt has been supported by parents.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. ACustomers may get addicted to the smells.BCustomers may be misled by the smells.CIt hides the defects of certain goods.DIt gives rise to unfair competition.30. AFlexible.BCritical.CSupportive.DCautious.31. AThe flower scent stimulated peoples desire to buy.BStronger smells had greater effects on consumers.CMost shoppers hated the small the shoe store.D84% of the customers were unaware of the smells.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. AA goods train hit a bus carrying many passengers.BTwo passenger trains crashed into each other.CA passenger train collided with a goods train.DAn express train was derailed when hit by a bomb.33. AThe rescue operations have not been very effective.BMore than 300 injured passengers were hospitalized.CThe cause of the tragic accident remains unknown.DThe exact casualty figures are not yet available.34. AThere was a bomb scare.BThere was a terrorist attack.CA fire alarm was set off by mistake.D50 pounds of explosives were found.35. AFollow policemens directions.BKeep an eye weather.CAvoid snow-covered roads.DDrive with special care.Section C 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。English is the leading international language. In different countries around the globe, English is acquired as the mother (36) _, in others its used as a second language. Some nations use English as their (37) _ language, performing the func