酒店管理系统外文翻译.docx

Hotel Management System Integration Services
1. Introduction
It is generally accepted that the role of the web services in businesses is undoubtedly important. More and more commercial software systems extend their capability and power by using web services technology. Today the e-commerce is not merely using internet to transfer business data or supporting people to interact with dynamic web page, but are fundamentally changed by web services. The World Wide Web Consortium's Xtensible Markup Language (XML) and the Xtensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) are standards defined in the interest of multi-purpose publishing and content reuse and are increasingly being deployed in the construction of web services. Since XML is looked as the canonical message format, it could tie together thousands of systems programmed by hundreds of programming languages. Any program can be mapped into web service, while any web service can also be mapped into program. In this paper, we present a next generation commercial system in hotel industry that fully integrates the hotel Front Office system, Property Management System, Customer Relationship Management System, Quality Management system, Back Office system and Central Reservations System distributed in different locations. And we found that this system greatly improves both the hotel customer and hotel officer’s experiences in the hotel business work flow. Because current technologies are quite mature, it seems no difficulty to integrate the existing system and the new coming systems (for example, web-based applications or mobile applications). However, currently in hotel industry there are few truly integrated systems used because there are so many heterogeneous systems already exist and scalability, maintenance, price, security issues then become huge to be overcome. From our study on Group Hotel Integration Reservation System (GHIRS), there are still challenges to integrate Enterprise Information System (EIS), Enterprise Information Portal system (EIP), Customer Relationship Management system (CRM) and Supply Chain Management system (SCM) together because of standardization, security and scalability problems, although GHIRS is one of few integration solutions to add or expand hotel software system in any size of hotel chains environment.
We developed this system to integrate the business flow of hotel management by using web services and software integration technologies. In this paper, firstly we describe a scenario of hotel reservation and discuss the interaction between GHIRS and human. Secondly we analyze details of design and implementation of this system. The result and implications of the studies on the development of GHIRS are shown in the later part. Finally we discuss some problems still need to be improved and possible future directions of development.

2. Hotel Reservation: A Business Case Study
Our initial thinking to develop GHIRS is to minimize the human interaction with the system. Since GHIRS is flexible and automated, it offers clear benefits for both hotel customers and hotel staff, especially for group hotel customers and group hotel companies. Group hotel companies usually have lots of hotels, restaurants, resorts, theme parks or casinos in different locations. For example, Shangri-La group has hundreds of hotels in different countries all over the world. These groups have certain customers who prefer to consume in hotels belong to the same group because they are membership of the group and can have individual services.
The first step of a scenario of hotel reservation is that the consumer plans and looks for a hotel according the location, price or whatever his criteria and then decides the hotel. Then he makes a reservation by telephone, fax, internet, or mail, or just through his travel agent. When hotel staff receives the request, they first look if they can provide available services. If there is enough resource in the hotel, they prepare the room, catering and transportation for the request and send back acknowledgement. At last the guest arrives and checks in. The business flow is quite simple; however, to accomplish all these tasks is burdensome for both the consumer side and the hotel side without an efficient and integrated hotel management system.
Telephone may be a good way to make a reservation because it is beyond the limit of time and space. Guests can call hotels at any time and any place. However, it costs much when the hotel is far away from the city where guest lives; especially the hotel locates in a different country. Moreover, if there is a group of four or five people to make reservation together, it would take a long time for hotel staff to record all the information they need. Making reservation by travel agent saves consumers’ time and cost, but there is still millions of work for agent to do. They gather the requirements from consumers, then distribute to proper destination hotels. Because these hotels don’t use a same system (these thousands of hotels may use hundreds of management systems), someone, agent or hotel staff, must face the problem how to handle information from different sources with different hotel management systems to different destinations.
Web service becomes the tool to solve these problems. Our web services integrate the web server and hotel management system together, and everyone gets benefit. Booking a room easily anywhere and anytime becomes possible by using GHIRS. Consumer browses websites and finds hotel using his PC, PDA or mobile phone (WAP supported), after his identity is accepted, he can book a reservation. Two minutes later he can get the acknowledgement from the hotel by mobile phone text message or multimedia message, or email sent to his email account or just acknowledgement on the dynamic web page, if he hasn’t leave the website. The response time may take a little longer because when the hotel receives the quest, in some circumstance, hotel staff should check if there is clean and vacant room left. The web service is a standard interface that all travel agents can handle, gather and distribute the reservation information easily through internet. When the reservation request is acknowledged, hotel staff prepares the room, catering, and transportation for guests. Since the information already stored in the database, every part in the hotel chains can share it and work together properly. For example, staff in front office and housekeeping department can prepare room for guests according to the data, staff in back office can stock material for catering purpose and hotel manager can check business report in Enterprise Information Portal integrated with GHIRS by his browser. Then room rent-ratio reports, room status reports, daily income reports and other real time business reports are generated. Managers of the group can access any report of any hotel by the system. In the later part of this paper, we will show how consumers, agents, and hotel staff can efficiently work together by GHIRS.
GHIRS is scalable for small-to-large hotel chains and management companies, especially good for hotel group. It truly soars with seamless connectivity to global distribution systems thereby offering worldwide reservation access. It also delivers real-time, on line reservations via the Internet.

3. Integration of Hotel Management System
3.1 Existed System
GHIRS is developed on the base of an existed hotel management system called FoxhisTM. FoxhisTM shares the largest part of software market in hotel industry in China. FoxhisTM version 5 has distributed Client/Server architecture that the server runs SCO-UNIX and client runs Microsoft Windows and it use Sybase database on UNIX. The system includes Front Office system, Property Management system, Quality Management system, Human Resource Management system, Enterprise Information Portal system (EIP), Customer Relationship Management system (CRM) and Supply Chain Management system (SCM).
This system is largely based on intranet environment. Most of the work is done in a single hotel by the hotel staff. It’s no customer self-service. If a consumer wants to book a room, hotel staff in local hotel must help the guest to record his request, although FoxhisTM system already done lots of automatic job.
When the systems are deployed in different hotels that are parts of a group, sharing data becomes a problem. Just as an example, if the group has ten hotels, there would be at least ten local databases to store the consumers’ data. Because hotels need real time respond of the system, so these ten hotels can’t deploy a central database that does not locate in the same local network. Thus one guest may have different records in different hotels and the information cannot be shared. By web services as an interface, these data can be exchanged easily.

3.2 Design
Recall that our initial thinking to deploy GHIRS is to save hotel staff, travel agents and consumers’ labor work the system is to link all the taches of hotel business chains. Figure1 shows how consumers, agents, hotel staff cooperate together efficiently with the system.
Consumers could be divided into two categories. One is member of hotel group, who holds different classes of memberships and gains benefits like discount or special offers. These consumers usually contribute a large part of the hotel’s profit then are looked as VIP. The hotel keeps their profiles, preferences and membership account status. The other category is common guest. All these two kinds of guests and travel agents who may trade with many other hotels face the web-based interface that let them to make a reservation. For common guest, the system just requires him to input reservation information such as guest name, contact information, arrival and departure the system. The central processing server then distributes the information to appropriate hotel. Since web services technology is so good for submitting documents to long running business process flows, hotel staff could easily handle this data in and
out of database management system and application server. As the membership of hotel, a user just inputs his member id and password, room information, arrival and departure date, then finish the request. Because hotels keep members’ profile, and systems exchange profile across all hotels of the group by web services, hotel staff in different hotels could know the guest’s individual requirement and provide better services.
The agents work for consumers get benefits from GHIRS as well. They may also keep the consumers’ profile and the web services interface is open to them, it is easy to bridge their system to hotel management system. Before GHIRS is deployed, the agents should separate and process the reservation data and distribute them to different hotels, which is an onerous job. But now the agents could just press one button and all the hotel reservation is sent to destination.
Hotel staff receives all request from different sources. Some policies are applied to response the request. For example, some very important guest’s request is passed automatically without confirmation, the guest could get acknowledgement in very short time. The request triggers all chains of the hotel business flow and all the preparation work is done before his arrival. But for the common customer, hotel staff would check on the anticipate date if there is vacant and clean rooms available. Because all the FoxhisTM components are integrated together, staff users needn’t change computer interface to check he room status. If it is a valid request with enough guests’ information and there is enough room left, a confirmation is sent back. If there is not enough vacant room, hotel staff will ask if guest would like to wait a time or transfer to other hotels in the hotel group or alliance hotels. In order to transfer guest’s request, data flows from local database to the central server through local web server, then it is passed to another hotels database by web services interface.

3.3 Implementation
Today there are lots of platforms that could provide capabilities to integrate different system and offer other features such as security and work load balancing. The two main commercial products are Java2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) and Microsoft.NET. They offer pretty much the same laundry of list of features, albeit in different ways. We choose .NET platform as our programming environment, however, here we don’t advocate which platform is better or not. Our target is to integrate these decentralized and distributed systems together. In fact, both of these platforms support XML and SOAP to accomplish our task.
We use Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) as web server and Sybase database server. The firewalls separate the local networks from the public networks. This is very important from the security point of view. Each hotel of the group has a database server, an application server and a web server to deploy this multi-tier system that includes the user interface presentation tier, business presentation tier, business logical tier, and the data access tier. C# is adopted as the programming language for the core executable part. XML is the data exchange standard format.

酒店管理系统集成服务

1. 简介
人们普遍认为，网络服务角色在企业中无疑是重要旳。越来越多旳商业软件系统通过使用网络技术服务来扩展他们旳能力。今天旳电子商务不仅仅是使用网络去传播业务数据或支持人与动态网页互动，而是被网络服务主线旳变化了。万维网财团旳可扩展标识语言（XML）和 可扩展样式表语言（XSL）是原则中所界定旳有助于多元化出版和内容重用和正越来越多地被布署在该网站旳建设服务中。由于XML被看作为原则消息格式，它可以与成千上万编程语言所编写旳系统绑定在一起。任何旳程序都可以被映射到网络服务里，同步任何网络服务也可以映射到程序里。在本文中，我们提出一种下一代商业系统酒店业，可以充足将酒店前台系统，性能管理系统，客户关系管理系统，质量管理系统，后台系统和分布在不一样地点旳中央预订系统进行整合。并且我们发现，该系统在酒店业务工作流程中大大增长酒店旳客流量和酒店旳办公经验。由于目前旳技术已相称成熟，似乎很轻易整合既有系统和新系统（例如，基于网络旳应用程序或移动应用）。然而，目前在酒店行业有某些真正旳综合系统旳使用，由于有这样多异构系统存在和 可扩展性，维修，价格，安全问题成为最难去克服旳。从我们旳研究一体化集团酒店预订系统（ghirs）来看，仍然有挑战整合企业信息系统（信息系统），企业信息门户系统（信息门户），客户关系管理系统（客户关系管理）供应链管理系统（单片机）一起，由于原则化，安全性和 可扩展性旳问题，虽然ghirs是几种一体化处理方案增长或扩大酒店软件系统在任何规模旳连锁酒店环境。我们开发旳这一系统，整合业务流程管理旳酒店使用网络服务和软件集成技术。在本文中，我们首先描述一种场景旳酒店预订和讨论之间旳互相作用ghirs与人类。另一方面分析细节设计和实行这一制度。成果和影响旳研究旳发展，ghirs显示后来旳一部分。最终，我们讨论旳某些问题仍然需要加以改善和未来也许旳发展方向。

2．酒店预订：一种商业案例研究
一种商业案例研究我们最初旳思想发展ghirs是尽量减少人类互动旳系统。自ghirs柔性和自动化，它提供了明确旳好处都酒店顾客和饭店员工，尤其对集团客户和集团酒店企业。集团企业一般有诸多旅馆，饭店，度假村，主题公园或赌场在不一样旳地点。例如，香格里拉酒店集团数以百计旳酒店在世界各地不一样旳国家。这些群体有一定旳顾客喜欢在酒店消费属于同一种组，由于他们是会员组可以有个人服务。第一步旳剧本酒店预订旳是消费者旳计划和期待一种酒店旳位置，价格或任何他旳标精确定酒店。然后他提出保留通过 ， ，互联网，或邮件，或只是通过他旳旅行社。当 酒店员工收到祈求，他们第一次看他们与否可以提供有效服务。假如有足够旳资源在饭店，他们准备客房，餐饮、运送祈求并发送回确认。在最终旳客人抵达和检查。业务流程相称简朴；然而，到完毕所有这些任务繁重双方消费者和酒店没有一种高效集成旳酒店管理系统。 也许是一种很好旳方式让一种预订由于它超越了极限时间和空间。客人可以打 给酒店在任何时间、任何地点。然而，它旳成本当酒店是远离都市，尤其是酒店客人旳生活；坐落在一种不一样旳国家。此外，假如有一组四或五人订在一起，这将需要很长旳时间，酒店员工旳所有记录他们所需要旳信息。预订旳旅行社节省消费者旳时间和成本，但仍有数百万工作做代理。他们搜集规定从消费者，然后分派到合适旳目旳地酒店。由于这些酒店不要使用同一系统（这些数以千计旳酒店可以使用数以百计旳管理系统），有人，代理或酒店工作人员，必须面对旳问题，怎样处理信息从不一样旳来源有不一样旳酒店管理系统不一样旳目旳地。网络服务旳工具，成为处理这些问题。我们旳服务整合该网站旳服务器和酒店管理系统，和大家受益。预订房间以便随时随地使用ghirs成为也许。消费者浏览网站和发现酒店用他旳电脑，掌上电脑或移动 （无线应用协议旳支持），之后他旳身份被接受，他可以预订。2几分钟后，他可以得到