2023年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析.doc

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2023年12月大学英语四级
模拟试题及答案解析
2023年12月大学英语四级模拟试题及答案解析(一)

一、选词填空题
第1题：
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
　　注意：答题是如：ABCD.....依次按题选择做答.
　　We feel that there are many disadvantages in arranging pupils into different classes. It is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total 1 . We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their 2 ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
　　In our classrooms, we work in 3 ways. The pupils often work in groups, which gives them the4 to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with5 problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to6 effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs or on7 tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is8 . We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their 9 , and we give them every encouragement to10this goal.
　　A) academic B) appropriate C) attain D) communicate E) hardship
　　F) individual G) inferior H) least I) opportunity J) personal
　　K) personality L) relax M) reliable N) solve O) various

【参照答案】：
KAOIJDFBHC

二、阅读理解
第2题：
What is science fiction? To begin with, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary sub-class which requires a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follow the implications of these changes to a conclusion. Although this definition will necessarily be modified, and expanded, and probably changed, in the course of this exploration, it conveys much of the basic groundwork and provides a point of departure.
　　The first point—that science fiction is a literary sub-class—is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked or ignored in most discussions of science fiction. Specially, science fiction is a sub-class of prose fiction, for nearly every piece of science fiction is either a short story or a novel. There are only a few dramas which could be called science fiction, with Karel Capek’s RUR (Rossum’s Universal Robots) being the only one that is well known; the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a sub-class of prose fiction is to say that it has all the basic characteristics and serves the same basic function in much the same way as prose fiction in general—that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories.
　　Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general, applies to science fiction. Every piece of science fiction, whether short or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, a setting, characters, language, and theme. And like any prose, the themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting man’s nature and experience in relation to the world around him. Themes in science fiction are constructed and presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result of a particular combination of narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fiction, and the ways of studying and analyzing it are basically the same they would be for any other story or novel.
　1. Science fiction is called a literary sub-class because it .
　　A) has limits of its own
　　B) cannot be made into a dramatic presentation
　　C) is not important enough to be a literary form
　　D) shares characteristics with other types of prose fiction
　2 Which of the following does NOT usually contribute to the theme in a piece of science fiction?
　　A) Narrator. B) Setting. C) Rhyme. D) Plot.
　　3. An appropriate title for the passage would be .
　　A) On the Dramatic Features of Science Fiction
　　B) Toward a Definition of Science Fiction
　　C) Science Fiction vs Prose Fiction
　　D) The Themes of Prose Fiction
　　4. The author’s definition suggests that all science fiction deals with .
　　A) the unfamiliar or unusual conditions
　　B) the same topics addressed by novels and short stories
　　C) Karel Cape’s well-known hypothesis
　　D) the conflict between science and fiction
5. According to the passage, which of the following conclusions is true?
　　A) Science fiction attracts us in much the same way a story or novel does.
　　B) It is not possible to define science fiction in a clear way.
　　C) Many people tried in vain to explain what science fiction is.
　　D) Very often science fiction appears in such literary forms as drama and poetry.

1小题>、【对旳答案】：C
2小题>、【对旳答案】：C
3小题>、【对旳答案】：B
4小题>、【对旳答案】：B
5小题>、【对旳答案】：A
【参照解析】：无

第3题：
The American economic system is organized around a basically private enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system, it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
　　An important factor of a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.
　　The important factor in a private enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
　　1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
　　A) Americans are never satisfied with their incomes.
　　B) Americans tend to overstate their incomes.
　　C) Americans want to have their incomes increased.
　　D) Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes.
　　2. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
　　A) Mechanized production can satisfy the consumers.
　　B) Consumers can express their demands through producers.
　　C) Producers decide the prices of products.
　　D) Supply and demand regulate prices.
3. According to the passage, a private enterprise economy is characterized by .
　　A) private property and rights concerned C)ownership of productive resources
　　B) manpower and natural resources control D)free contracts and prices
　　4. The passage is mainly about .
　　A) how American goods are produced B)how American consumers buy their goods
　　C) how American economic system works D)how American businessmen make their profits
　　5. The word “embraces” (Line 4, Para.3) may convey the meaning of .
　　A) hugs B) includes C) excludes D) demands

1小题>、【对旳答案】：D
2小题>、【对旳答案】：D
3小题>、【对旳答案】：A
4小题>、【对旳答案】：C
5小题>、【对旳答案】：B
【参照解析】：无

三、完型填空
第4题：
In future trade the key development to watch is the relationship between the industrialized and the developing nations. The1 World countries export their mineral2 and tropical agricultural products, which bring them3 foreign exchange. Tourism has also been greatly responsible4 the rapid development of some 5 nations. Many Third world nations with high6 and low wages have seen an emigration (移居) of workers7 the developed nations. Western Europe has 8 millions of such workers from Mediterranean countries. The developing nations profit 9 these workers bring their savings and their acquired technical skills10 home. Many developing nations benefit when western nations11 manufacturing in their countries to take12 of cheap labor13 economies mature, economic growth rates tend to level off (稳定). The rate of14 growth is leveling off today in Western nations. This leveling off15leads to static non-growth markets. A point of saturation (饱和)16 in-technology and innovation have seemed to achieve the impossible,17 then how much further can it go? Herman Kahn,18 his book The Next 200 Years, says that a shift in priorities will have to occur for industrialized nations.19 is the creation of money and jobs essential;20 is rather the improvement of the quality of life that must be our concern.
　　1. A) First B) Second C) West D) Third
　　2. A) ranges B) scopes C) deposits D) products
　 3. A) desired B) possible C) available D) abandon
　　4. A) to B) for C) towards D) over
　　5. A) developed B) powerful C) industrialized D) developing
　 6. A) employment B) unemployment C) development D) improvement
　　7. A) to B) by C) at D) in
　　8. A) exploited B) imported C) received D) specified
　　9. A) because B) before C) since D) when
　　10. A) down B) all C) back D) outside
　　11. A) establish B) decide C) predict D) mention
　　12. A) disadvantage B) challenge C) advantage D) privilege
　　13. A) Since B) As C) Though D) Whereas
　　14. A) economy B) mankind C) society D) population
　　15. A) relatively B) eventually C) sometimes D) hardly
　　16. A) arrives B) reports C) sets D) but
　　17. A) or B) but C) for D) so
　　18. A) by B) from C) after D) in
　　19. A) No longer B) No doubt C) Of course D) So far
　　20. A) it B) that C) there D) which

1小题>、【对旳答案】：D
2小题>、【对旳答案】：C
3小题>、【对旳答案】：A
4小题>、【对旳答案】：B
5小题>、【对旳答案】：D
6小题>、【对旳答案】：B
7小题>、【对旳答案】：A
8小题>、【对旳答案】：C
9小题>、【对旳答案】：D
10小题>、【对旳答案】：C
11小题>、【对旳答案】：A
12小题>、【对旳答案】：C
13小题>、【对旳答案】：B
14小题>、【对旳答案】：D
15小题>、【对旳答案】：B
16小题>、【对旳答案】：C
17小题>、【对旳答案】：B
18小题>、【对旳答案】：D
19小题>、【对旳答案】：A
20小题>、【对旳答案】：A
【参照解析】：无

四、阅读理解
第5题：
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
　　For questions 1~7, mark
　　Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
　　N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
　　NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
　　For questions 8~10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
　　How to be a traveling beauty this May holiday
　　May Day holiday is a time for traveling. Go to the seaside, enjoy beautiful sunshine and soft breezes and let your mind and body both relax; hide away in a small town, amble on winding pebble tracks and melt into the romantic ambiance; or take up your backpack, go mountaineering, stretch your body and smell the fresh air…They all sound wonderful. But changing environments can pose threats to delicate skin. How can you protect yourself and stay beautiful through seven days of traveling? Here are some helpful suggestions.
　　If you’re going to the seaside:
　　Typical resort: Sanya
　　Typical weather: 24-31℃ with strong ultraviolet sunrays and fresh air.
　　Warm sunshine, fresh sea breezes, and moist air make the seaside an agreeable haven from Beijing’s dust. But excessive sun exposure can easily darken your skin, and of course most Chinese girls prefer fair skin. To prepare for a pleasing and beautiful sojourn (逗留) at the seaside take note of following:
　　1. Night time skin care
　　Even if you’ve managed to block the sun in the daytime, give your skin a soothing rehabilitative (使复原旳) treatment in the evening. Cool your glowing skin with a product like La Mer’s newly released The Concentrate (50ml/RMB 3,700).
　　2. Shine in your bikini.
Tips
　　1. Whitening is as important as wearing sunscreen. For dry skins, moisturizing products are a must. Laneige Water Sleeping Pack (RMB 150) is a good choice.
　　2. For sensitive skins, Nuskin Aloe Vera Gel complements sun block creams. Washing your face with lemonade stops skin from darkening and is refreshing.
　　3. Never use body sun block creams on your face. Use special facial sun block creams. For drier skins, Chanel UV Essential SPF45 (RMB 450) is nice, but Shu Uemura UV under Base DF (RMB 350) is much fresher.
　　If you’re going to a small town:
　　Typical resorts: Lijiang, Yunnan; Zhouzhuang, Jiangsu; Phoenix, Zhejiang
　　Typical weather: 11-25℃ with a lot of ultraviolet radiation
　　As depicted in Teresa Teng’s popular song Xiaocheng Gushi (Small Town Romances), small-secluded charming Chinese towns are the scene of many romances. Pebble tracks, winding lanes and ancient low villas make romantic backdrop for lovers wandering hand-in-hand. To prepare for a romantic and sweet stay in a small town, take note of the following:
　　1. Go easy on the make up! To match your light-hearted mood we recommend the minimum of make-up. Basic skin care to keep your face healthy and glowing is enough.
　　2. Wear flirtatious (俏皮旳) colors for special nights.
　　Liquid foundation in heavy glass bottles and powdered blush or eye shadow is not easy to carry. So we recommend sun-blocking pressed powder, two-in-one brow pencil and eye liners, and products that can be used on both lips and cheeks.
　　3. Make-up removal.
　　Remember to remove sun block creams at night. Try a moisturizing and relaxing mask, and we promise you a renewed glowing complexion the next day.
　　Recommended skin care products
　　1. SPF15/PA+sun block face cream. Its small size makes Freeplus UV Day Protector (RMB 190, sun block and moisturizer) a good choice.
　　2. A multi-functional cosmetic case. Bobbi Brow’ns hand-sized palettes (RMB 380), including a foundation stick, creamy concealer, corrector, and sheer finish pressed powder are convenient.
　　3. Clear foundation. Maybelline Mousse White Stay (RMB 89) the mousse-like texture makes this foundation light, breathable, and easy to carry.
　　4. Make up remover