资源描述
Book ThreeBook ThreeWar and peaceUnit2Second EditionSecond Edition第1页Project5Warm-up1ReadingA2LanguageinUse3Unit 2CultureTips6EnjoyEnglish7ReadingB4第2页How do you understand the saying“treat violence with violence”?Do you think it is right for the USA to use nuclear weapons on Japan?What do you see in the video?Describe it with your own words.Warm-up At the end of World War,Japanese government ignored the ultimatum issued by the USA and its allied countries.In order to force Japan to surrender,the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki,which killed as many as 260,000 people by the end of 1945.These are to date the only attacks with nuclear weapons in the history of warfare.Watch the video and answer the following questions.123BACKBACK第3页Reading APre-reading TasksReadingComprehensionAfter-readingTasksBACKBACK第4页Pre-reading Tasks BACKBACKDo you know the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?What were the consequences of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?第5页Reading Comprehension1.VeteransofIraqandAfghanistanfindlittleethicaldefenceinthe“justwar”.Eachofusstrugglestomakepeacewithouractions.Intryingtounderstandtheongoingsuicideepidemicamongsoldiersandveterans,athirdfactorinadditiontophysicalinjuriesandPTSD(Post-traumaticStressDisorder)isnowbeingdiscussed:themoralinjuriestheybringback.2.DuringmyofficertrainingatSandhurstintheUK,Iwastaughtthatfightingpowertheabilitytooperateinthewarcouldbebrokendowntothreemutuallydependentcomponents:physical(themeanstooperate),conceptual(theideasbehindhowtooperate),andmoral(theabilitytogetpeopletooperate).TranslationTranslationThe lonely soldier and the moral scars of warBACKBACKPara.12Para.12第6页Reading Comprehension3.Afterleavingtheatresofwar,soldiershadbeenaffectedtodifferentdegreesinthosethreeareas,eachofwhichinfluencestheirabilitytooperateoncehome.Thephysicalandconceptualcomponentsarebothtooapparent:thesoldierwhohadhistesticlesblownofforwhowokeupscreamingatnight.Moralscars,thoughlessnoticeable,haveawayofcuttingdeep,also.Andtheyarenotnegatedaseasilyasmanysuppose.TranslationTranslationPara.34Para.344.DuringtheensuingfirefightwiththeTaliban,asoldier spotted a girlhe reckoned a four-year-oldontheroofofanAfghancompound,holdingamobilephonetoherear.HeassessedshewasaTaliban mortar fire controller,directing intenseenemy fire onto his patrol position;they werepinned down as a result.He radioed a jet anddirected it to drop a bomb onto the girl and thebuilding.第7页Reading ComprehensionTranslationTranslationPara.59Para.595.“IdidwhatIhadtodo,”hetoldme.6.Notsuchaneasyoneforarmchairmoraliststocall.Countlesssoldiersreturnedwithsuchexperiencesontheirconsciences.7.“ImnolongerthegoodpersonIoncethoughtIwas,”wroteTimothyKudo,anex-USMarineCorpscaptain,oflifeafteranAfghanistantourandorderingthedeathsofothers.Henailsadilemmamostveteransface:theonlypeoplewhocanforgiveusaredead.8.Soldiersseekjustificationfortheiractionsintheaftermath,whenreflectionisafforded.Anobvioussourceforjustificationaswellasinspiringmanytojointhemilitaryisthenotionofactingonthe“rightside”,beingpartofabroaderefforttodosomegood.ButtrysustainingthatnarrativeaftertoursinIraqandAfghanistan.Icouldnt.9.“Thekillingofchildrencanneverbejustified,”wroteKurtVonnegut,afterheexperiencedtheDresdenbombing.第8页Reading Comprehension10.Regardlessofnumberskilledbefore,soldierscanfeelmorallybankruptfacinguptothetallytheycarry.Eachdeathshamesus,erodingourclaimtoasharedhumanitywhichisntaconceptthatevaporatesbyjoiningthemilitary.11.Soldiers and veterans are keenly aware of the ethical damage of warwhich theyve instigated,each in their own way.Everyone reactsdifferently,butguiltandshamearehardtoavoid.Sharingsuchfeelingsisimmenselyhard,asmanyfearbeingcondemnedandconsequentlyfeelexiledinsociety.12.Themoretimegoesbysinceleavingthearmy,themoredoubtsoccuraboutwhetherIeverdidtherightthing.IverealisedIllprobablyneverachieveanyanswersperhapsforthebestandshouldgetusedtolivingwiththeunanswered.13.Sadly,thatsmucheasiersaidthandone.AstherepercussionsofIraqandAfghanistanplayout,manysoldiersandveteranswillcontinuemakingtheloneliestofdecisions.TranslationTranslationPara.1013Para.1013第9页Reading Comprehension TranslationTranslation1.伊拉克与阿富汗老兵，极难对“正义之战”做出道德辩护。我们中每一位，都挣扎着同自己所作所为寻求和解。自杀就像流行病普通，在战士与老兵中漫延。究其原因，除了肢体伤残与创伤后精神障碍之外，第三个原因正得到广泛探讨：他们带回来道德创伤。2.在英国桑德赫斯特进行军官培训中，他们教我说，战斗力即战争中行动能力能够细分为三个相互依存组成要素：身体要素（行动工具）、概念要素（怎样行动背后理念），以及道德要素（驱使人们行动能力）。Para.1Para.1、2 2BACKBACK第10页Reading Comprehension TranslationTranslationPara.3Para.3、4 4BACKBACK3.离开战场之后，战士们在这三个领域，都受到了不一样程度影响。一旦归家，每一处都影响到他们正常行动能力。身体与概念要素都是显而易见：睾丸被炸飞士兵，或者他们午夜惊醒后尖叫。道德伤痕虽察之似浅，然感之亦切。而且，它们并非如众人所猜测那样，轻易就能被否定。4.在与塔利班旷日持久交火中，一个士兵发觉了一个女孩他预计四岁左右站在阿富汗院落屋顶上，拿着手机贴近耳边。他确定她就是塔利班迫击炮控制员，指挥敌方将密集炮火倾泻到他巡查地点，以致他们寸步难行。他用无线电呼叫战机，将一枚炸弹投向了那个女孩和那座建筑物。第11页Reading Comprehension TranslationTranslation5.“我做了我该做事情，”他告诉我。6.不论那些怡然自得道德家怎样说，事情远非如此简单。无数战士返乡时，良心上背负着类似经历。7.“我不再是那个曾经自认为好人，”工藤提摩太写道。他是前美国海军陆战队上尉，阿富汗之行虽幸免于难，却令其它人命丧黄泉。他一针见血地揭示出大多数老兵面临困境：仅有那些能宽恕我们人，都死了。8.战士们在承受反思苦痛之余，努力地为其所作所为后果寻求辩解。一个显而易见一样也是激发众人从军理由，就是为“正义方”而战概念，同时也是更大程度上“行善”组成部分。不过在伊拉克与阿富汗之行后，假如试图维系那种叙述，我做不到。9.“任何理由都无法为杀害儿童开脱，”库尔特冯内古特在经历了德累斯顿轰炸之后写道。Para.59Para.59BACKBACK第12页Reading Comprehension TranslationTranslation10.不论之前终究杀了多少人，当战士们直面自己所背负账单时，他们能够感觉到道德上破产。每一个死亡都使我们蒙羞，腐蚀着我们所谓为共同人性而战宣言这并不是一个因从军就能烟消云散概念。11.全部战士与老兵都以自己方式，强烈地感触着他们挑起战争所带来道德伤害。每个人反应虽不一样，不过负罪与耻辱感是实难防止。他们极难与他人分享这类感受，因为他们害怕受到训斥，从而在社会中遭遇孤立。12.退伍时间愈久，闪现疑问愈多：我所作所为是否是正义之举。我意识到可能永远也无法取得答案这可能是最好结果而且应该渐渐习惯于带着这些悬疑生活。13.不幸是，这说起来轻易做起来难。伴随伊拉克与阿富汗行动恶果逐步显现，许多战士与老兵将继续做着最为孤独决定。Para.1013Para.1013BACKBACK第13页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions1.consciencen.tofeelguiltyaboutsomething 意识意识e.g.IfanythinghappenstoEmily,Illalwayshaveitonmyconscience.BACKBACK第14页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions2.dilemma n.asituationinwhichyouhavetomakeadifficultchoicebetweentwo,orsometimesmorethantwo,actions困境困境e.g.1.Manysingleparentsstrugglewiththedilemmaofdividingtimebetweenworkandchildren.2.Wereinadilemmaaboutwhethertomoveornot.BACKBACK第15页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions3.epidemic n.alargenumberofcasesofadiseasethathappenatthesametime流行病流行病e.g.Over500peoplediedduringlastyearsfluepidemic.BACKBACK第16页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions4.ethical adj.relatingtoprinciplesofwhatisrightandwrong合乎道德合乎道德e.g.EmmanuelHospitalisdevotedtoqualitycareandhighethicalstandards.BACKBACK第17页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions5.radio v.tosendamessageusingaradio用无线电发送（信息）用无线电发送（信息）e.g.Iurgentlyradioedtheinformationbacktoheadquarters.BACKBACK第18页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions6.theatre n.alargeareawhereawarisbeingfought战场战场e.g.thePacifictheatreduringtheSecondWorldWarBACKBACK第19页Reading Comprehension Words&ExpressionsWords&Expressions7.traumatic adj.atraumaticexperienceissoshockingandupsettingthatitaffectsyouforalongtime造成精神创伤造成精神创伤e.g.Myparentsdivorcewasverytraumaticforme.BACKBACK第20页After-reading Tasks DiscussionDiscussion1.What does fighting power mean according to the text?2.What damages did the wars cause to the veterans?3.Do soldiers and veterans react the same towards killing in the war?What cant they avoid?BACKBACK第21页Language in UseGrammarGrammarDevelopmentDevelopmentVocabularyVocabularyBuildingBuilding BACKBACK第22页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentGrammar DevelopmentInEnglish,verbssuchasdie,stop,leave,come,buyareoftenusedtodescribeanactionthattakesplaceinaninstanceoftime.Theseverbscannotbeusedtogetherwithtimeexpressionssuchasfor three yearsorsince.Forexample,youcantsayHe died for three years.Insomecases,theseverbscanbereplacedbyotherphrasestoexpressthedurablestateofanaction.Forexample：BACKBACKdiebe deadleaveInstant verbs in perfect tenseInstant verbs in perfect tensebe away第23页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentGrammar Development当瞬时性动词用于完成时态时，其后不能跟表示一段时间时间状语；假如必须跟时间状语，能够采取以下方法：1.用“be+形容词”代替瞬时性动词，如bedead代替diee.g.Hisfatherhasbeendeadforthreeyears.bemarried代替marrye.g.Ihavebeenmarriedforsevenyears.beasleep代替fall(get)asleepe.g.HowlonghaveIbeenasleep?2.用“be+副词”代替瞬时性动词，如behere(there)代替come，arrive，reach，gethere(there)e.g.Thetrainhasbeenherefortenminutes.Itwillleavesoon.bebackto代替returnto，gobacktoe.g.Haveyoubeenbacktotheplacewhereyourancestorslived,worked,studiedandplayed?Instant verbs in perfect tenseInstant verbs in perfect tense第24页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentGrammar Development1.Can you give more examples?1.Can you give more examples?beonputonbein/beamemberjoinhaveacoldcatchacoldbeillfallillbemissinglosebeintowngototownkeepborrowbeupgetuphavebuy第25页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentGrammar DevelopmentJohnlefthishometowntenyearsago.Johnhasbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears.IthasbeentenyearssinceJohnlefthishometown.2.Translate the following sentences.2.Translate the following sentences.Model:他哥哥两年前当兵去了。Hisbrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Hisbrotherhasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.Ithasbeentwoyearssincehisbrotherjoinedthearmy.Mr.Smithdiedthreeyearsago.Mr.Smithhasbeendeadforthreeyears.IthasbeenthreeyearssinceMr.Smithdied.1.史密斯先生三年前死了。2.约翰十年前离开了故乡。第26页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentGrammar DevelopmentThefilmstartedtenminutesago.Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.Ithasbeentenminutessincethefilmstarted.BACKBACK2.Translate the following sentences.2.Translate the following sentences.Theyborrowedfivebooksfromthelibraryaweekago.Theyhavekeptfivebooksborrowedfromthelibraryforaweek.Ithasbeenaweeksincetheyborrowedfivebooksfromthelibrary.3.他们一周前从图书馆借了五本书。4.电影已经开始十分钟了。第27页Language in UseVocabulary BuildingVocabulary Building HomographsHomographsA homograph（同形异义词同形异义词）is a word that has the same spelling as another word,but has a different meaning.Usually,homographs also differ from each other in pronunciation.BACKBACKExample:livev.tobealiveforaperiodoftimee.g.The crane,a sacred bird in Japan,lives for a thousand years,and if a sick person folds a thousand paper cranes,he or she will get well.adj.(ofbroadcasting)seenand/orheardasithappens e.g.The band will be giving a live concert performance next week.第28页1.Were sitting in the front row.row/r/n.a line of things or people next to each other Weve had another row about the fare.row/ra/n.a short angry argument2.Themusicendedandthegirlmadeabow.Thearrowwasstillheldinthebow.3.Canyousparemehalfaminute?Thekitchenisminute,withbarelyroomfortwopeopletoturnaround.4.Itisimpossibletotearopenthisbox.Givemeaknife.Adropoftearransilentlydownhercheekasshewavedgoodbye.Language in UseVocabulary BuildingVocabulary BuildingFindoutthehomographsineachpairofthefollowingsentences,andgivethembriefexplanations.Iftheydifferinpronunciation,readthemoutcorrectly.Thefirstoneisdoneasanexample.1.ba n.bending of the head or body as a way of thanking audiences.2.bun.aninstrumentusedasaweapontoshootarrows1.mnt n.a unit to measure time which equals to 60 seonds/manjut/adj.extremelysmall/t/v.topullforcefullyapart/t/n.adropofsaltyliquidfromtheeyewhenyouarecrying第29页5.ShallIwinduptodaysdiscussionbyaskingyouthelastquestion?Thereisnotmuchwindtoday.wand v.(+up)to bring an activity,meeting etc to an endwnd n.moving air,especially when it moves strongly or quickly in a current6.Couldyourecordthenextstoryforme?Imoutthatnight.HesbrokentheOlympicrecordforthe110-meterhighhurdles.rkd;v.to preserve on a disc or magnetic tape for later reprodutionrekd n.the highest or lowest ever reached7.Healwayslookssocontentwithhislife.Thecontentofyourpaperwasexcellent,buttherewerealotofgrammarmistakes.kntentadj.happyandsatisfiedkntentn.theideas,facts,oropinionsthatarecontainedinaspeech,pieceofwritingetc.Language in UseVocabulary BuildingVocabulary BuildingBACKBACK第30页8.Closethatwindow!Thewindistoostrong.Yourenotclosetogettingtheanswer.kls v.to shut something in order to cover an openingkluzadj.seemingverylikelytohappenorverylikelytodosomethingsoon9.Isoongetusedtoworkingthelatenightshift.Idonttrustusedcardealers.Idneverbuyacarfromthemjustadj.(+tosth/doingsth)havinglearnedtoacceptsthjuzdadj.second-hand10.Whatsthatlittleblackobject?Istronglyobjecttobeingtreatedlikeachild.bdktn.asolidthingthatcanbeseenortouchedbdektv.tooppose第31页Reading BPre-reading TasksReadingComprehensionAfter-readingTasksBACKBACK第32页Pre-reading tasksBACKBACKHave you read the book named Annes Diary?What is it about?Share what you know about it with your classmates.第33页Reading ComprehensionWEDNESDAY,8JULY1942DearestKitty,1.ItseemslikeyearssinceSundaymorning.Somuchhashappeneditsasifthewholeworldhadsuddenlyturnedupsidedown.Butasyoucansee,Kitty,Imstillalive,andthatsthemainthing,Fathersays.2.Imaliveallright,butdontaskwhereorhow.YouprobablydontunderstandawordImsayingtoday,soIllbeginbytellingyouwhathappenedSundayafternoon.3.Atthreeoclock(Hellohadleftbutwassupposedtocomebacklater),thedoorbellrang.Ididnthearit,sinceIwasoutonthebalcony,lazilyreadinginthesun.AlittlewhilelaterMargotappearedinthekitchendoorwaylookingvery agitated.“Father has received a call-up notice from the SS,”shewhispered.“Mother has gone to see Mr.van Daan.”(Mr.van Daan isFathersbusinesspartnerandagoodfriend.)TranslationTranslationAnne Frank:the diary of a young girl(excerpt)BACKBACKPara.13Para.13第34页Reading Comprehension4.I was stunned.A call-up:everyone knows what that means.Visions ofconcentrationcampsandlonelycellsracedthroughmyhead.HowcouldweletFathergotosuchafate?“Ofcoursehesnotgoing,”declaredMargotaswewaitedforMotherintheliving-room.“MothersgonetoMr.vanDaantoaskwhetherwecanmovetoourhidingplacetomorrow.ThevanDaansaregoingwithus.Therewillbesevenofusaltogether.”Silence.Wecouldntspeak.ThethoughtofFatheroffvisitingsomeoneintheJewishHospitalandcompletelyunawareofwhatwashappening,thelongwaitforMother,theheat,thesuspenseallthisreducedustosilence.5.Suddenlythedoorbellrangagain.“ThatsHello,”Isaid.6.“Dont open the door!”exclaimed Margot to stop me.But it wasntnecessary,sinceweheardMotherandMr.vanDaandownstairstalkingtoHello,andthenthetwoofthemcameinsideandshutthedoorbehindthem.Everytimethebellrang,eitherMargotorIhadtotiptoedownstairstoseeifitwasFather,andwedidntletanyoneelsein.TranslationTranslationPara.46Para.46BACKBACK第35页Reading Comprehension7.MargotandIweresentfromtheroom,asMr.vanDaanwantedtotalktoMotheralone.8.WhensheandIweresittinginourbedroom,Margottoldmethatthecall-upwasnotforFather,butforher.Atthissecondshock,Ibegantocry.Margotissixteenapparentlytheywanttosendgirlsherageawayontheirown.Butthankgoodnessshewontbegoing;Motherhadsaidsoherself,whichmustbewhatFatherhadmeantwhenhetalkedtomeaboutourgoingintohiding.Hidingwherewouldwehide?Inthecity?Inthecountry?Inahouse?Inashack?When,where,how?ThesewerequestionsIwasntallowedtoask,buttheystillkeptrunningthroughmymind.9.MargotandIstartedpackingourmostimportantbelongingsintoasatchel.ThefirstthingIstuckinwasthisdiary,andthencurlers,handkerchiefs,schoolbooks,acombandsomeoldletters.Preoccupiedbythethoughtofgoingintohiding,Istuckthecraziestthingsinthesatchel,butImnotsorry.Memoriesmeanmoretomethandresses.10.Fatherfinallycamehomearoundfiveoclock.Afterthatitwasquietinourflat;none of us felt like eating.It was still hot,and everything was verystrange.TranslationTranslationPara.710Para.710BACKBACK第36页Reading
展开阅读全文
浙ICP备2021020529号-1 | 浙B2-20240490 
