1、高等学校英语应用能力考试高等学校英语应用能力考试写作专题(一)第1页 一、应用文写作总体要求一、应用文写作总体要求:写作部分占总分15%,要求考生在25分钟内写一段不少于80个词短文。测试考生套写应用性短文、信函,填写英文表格或翻译简短实用性文字能力以及考生综合能留,其中包含词汇、句型、语法、利用英语逻辑组织短文能力。要求文章切题,思想表示正确,意义连贯,文理基本通顺,无重大语法错误。第2页二、应用文写作二、应用文写作评分标准:评分标准:1.本题按综合方式评分,从格式、表示和语言三方面衡量,只给一个分数,即给总体得分(globalmarking)。2.评分时应以考生应得(rewarding)分
2、数评定,不要以扣分(penalty)方式评定。3.分数可分5个等级,即:1)14分:格式正确;内容完整,表示清楚;语言上仅有极少小错。2)11分:格式基本正确;内容较完整,表示尚清楚;有一些语言错误,能够有个别句子结构上错误。3)8分:格式基本正确;内容大致完整,表示可勉强了解;有较多语言错误,包含少许严重错误。4)5分:格式勉强正确;内容不完整,不过没有离题;表示有较大困难;语言有很多错误,有一些是严重错误。5)2分:格式不正确;内容表示不清楚;语言支离破碎,仅有个别句子尚正确。4.假如试卷得分可高于或低于某一等级分,则应加1分或减1分。5.假如不按提醒写作文或语言表示完全无法了解,应给0分
3、。6.评分应力争准确,预防趋中倾向。7.词数不得少于80个词。词数不够,会扣分,每少10个词扣1分。第3页三、惯用应用文类型介绍三、惯用应用文类型介绍应用文写作最主要内容是惯用英文信函。另外,也包含一些其它类型应用文,如通知、简历、申请表、便条、请柬、广告等。(一)英文书信特点Clarity(清楚):准确、清楚,使人读后一目了然Conciseness(简练):篇幅要短,句子要短,用词简练而通俗易懂Courtesy(礼貌):礼貌,要朴实,不要使人读后感到虚假。(二)英文信函分为混合式和齐头式。混合式:每一段首行缩进两格。落款在信末中间靠右下位置。齐头式:信全部内容都靠左,段与段之间空一行。第4页
4、四、四、英文信函英文信函结构结构:(1)信头Theheading(2)编号和日期Thereferencenumberandthedate(3)信内地址Theinsideaddress(4)称谓Thesalutation(5)正文Thebodyoftheletter(6)结束语Thecomplimentaryclose(7)签署Thesignature(8)附件Enclosure第5页五、英文书信分类商务信函;投诉信;申请信;通知信;邀请信祝贺信;推荐信;求职信等其中,商务信函出现频率较高,-约出现十次。第6页1)建立贸易关系A.我们愿与贵企业建立商务关系。B.我们希望与您建立业务往来。C.我企
5、业经营电子产品进出口业务,希望与贵方建立商务关系。Translation:A.Wearewillingtoestablishtraderelationswithyourcompany.B.Pleaseallowustoexpressourhopeofopeninganaccountwithyou.C.Thiscorporationisspecializedinhandlingtheimportandexportbusinessinelectronicproductsandwishestoenterintobusinessrelationswithyou.第7页2)自我推荐A.请允许我们自我介绍
6、,我们是首屈一指贸易企业。B.本企业经营这项业务已多年,并享受很高国际信誉。C.我们产品质量一流,我们客户一直把本企业视为最可信赖企业。Translation:A.LetusintroduceourselvesasaleadingtradingfirminB.Ourcompanyhasbeeninthislineofbusinessformanyyearsandenjoyshighinternationalprestige.C.Ourproductsareofverygoodqualityandourfirmisalwaysregardedbyourcustomersasthemostreli
7、ableone.第8页3)推销产品A.我们从获知贵企业名称,不知贵企业对这一系列产品是否有兴趣。B.我们新研制已推出上市,特此奉告。C.我们期望能成为贵企业供给商。D.我们新产品刚才推出上市,相信您乐于知道。E.相信您对本企业新出品会感兴趣。Translation:A.Yournamehasbeengivenbyandweliketoinquirewhetheryouareinterestedintheselines.B.Wearepleasedtoinformyouthatwehavejustmarketedournewly-developedC.Wearepleasedtogetintou
8、chwithyouforthesupplyofD.Youwillbeinterestedtohearthatwehavejustmarketedournewproduct.E.Youwillbeinterestedinournewproduct第9页4)索取资料A.我们对贵方新产品甚感兴趣,希望能寄来贵企业产品目录及价目表。B.我们从纽约时报上看到贵企业广告,希望能收到产品价目表及详细资料。C.获知贵企业有已上市,希望能赐寄完整详细资料。D.如蒙赐寄贵企业新产品详细资料,我们将深表感激。E.如蒙赐寄相关样品和价目表,我们将甚为感激。Translation:A.Weareinterestedin
9、yournewproductandshallbepleasedtohaveacatalogandapricelist.B.WehaveseenyouradvertisementinThe New York Timesandshouldbegladtohaveyourpricelistsanddetailsofyourterms.C.Wehearthatyouhaveputonthemarketandshouldbegladtohavefulldetails.D.Weshouldappreciatefullparticularsofyournewlydevelopedproduct.E.Wesh
10、ouldbeobligedifyouwouldsendussamplesandpricelistsofyou第10页说明:依据以下要求写一封商业信函。1)在2月儿童玩具杂志上看到贵企业洋娃娃产品广告,很感兴趣;2)想了解详细信息,期望能寄一份洋娃娃目录和最新价格表;3)如质量满意,价格合理,能够长久大量订购。Words for reference:洋娃娃 baby doll审题概述询价信函写作要注意按以下模式进行:第一步,表明信息起源或者自我介绍;第二步,表明感兴趣商品以及想了解信息,包含目录、价格、支付条件等等;第三步,表明合作意向(若价格适当就订货),同时期盼尽快回复。Dear Sir o
11、r Madam,From“Childrens Toys”in February,we learn that you are a leading exporter of baby dolls.Were very interested in those goods and would appreciate you if you can send us catalogues and samples.Meanwhile,please provide us your latest prices,discounts and terms of payments.Should your price be fo
12、und competitive and goods be up to standard,we intend to place a large order on a regular basis.Hope to hear from you soon!Truly yours,PeterNBW Co.Ltd.第11页5)寄发资料A.很高兴寄你一邮包,内装B.欣然寄上我方目录,提供我方各类产品详细情况。C.欣然奉上我方产品样品,在贵方展厅展出。D.为使贵方对我方各种款式手工艺品有一初步了解,今航邮奉上我方目录和一些样品资料,供贵方参考。Translation:A.Wearepleasedtosendyo
13、ubyparcelpostapackagecontainingB.Wehavepleasureinsendingyouourcatalogue,whichgivesfullinformationaboutourvariousproducts.C.Weshouldbepleasedtoletyouhavesamplestogiveademonstrationonyourpremises.D.Inordertogiveyousomeideaofvariousqualitiesofhandicraftswecarry,wehavepleasureinforwardingyoubyairmailone
14、catalogueandafewsamplebooksforyourperusal.第12页6)附寄资料A.随函附上本企业新出品样品,请查收。B.随函附上购货协议第号两份,希查收,谅无误。请会签并退我方一份立案。C.我们确认向贵方购置,随函附上订单确认书供参考。Translation:A.YouwillfindenclosedwiththisletterasampleofnewB.EnclosedpleasefindtwocopiesofPurchaseContractNo,whichwetrustwillbefoundinorder.Kindlysignandreturnonecopyfor
15、ourfile.C.WeconfirmhavingpurchasedfromyouAconfirmationorderisenclosedforyourreference.第13页7)请求做代理商(purchasingagent)A.我们深盼与英国企业接洽,希望成为其销售代理商之一。B.如蒙考虑担任销售你们代理商,我们将十分高兴。Translation:A.WeareanxioustocontactsomeBritishfirmswithaviewtoactingastheirsellingagents.B.Weshouldbegladifyouwouldconsiderourapplicat
16、iontoactasagentsforthesaleofyour第14页8)请求报价(Requestforquotation)A.兹函请提供报价。B.请将定时供给之报价赐知。C.请将以下货物最低价赐知。Translation:A.WearewritingtoinvitequotationsforthesupplyofB.PleaseletushaveaquotationfortheregularsupplyforC.Kindlyquoteusyourlowestpricesforthegoodslistedbelow.第15页9)询价(InquiryLetter)A.随函寄上询价单一份。B.假
17、如贵方对感兴趣,请告详细询价。C.一收到贵方详细询价单,我方马上航空邮上样品册并报价。Translation:A.Weareenclosingherewithaninquirysheet.B.Ifyouareinterestedinour,pleaseletusknowwithaspecificinquiry.C.Quotationsandsamplebookswillbeairmailedtoyouuponreceiptofyourspecificinquiry.第16页10)价格(协议书Agreement)A.我们发觉你方报价比我们从其它地方收到略为偏高,请你方降价,以适应竞争。B.我们很
18、抱歉地通知你方价格无竞争力,若贵方能降低价格,使我方可接收话,我们仍对交易感兴趣。Translation:A.Wefindyourquotationslightlyhigherthanthosewehavereceivedfromothersources,andaskyoutoreduceyourpricetomeetthecompetition.B.Weresorrytoinformyouthatyourpricehasbeenfounduncompetitive,butwerestillinterestedindoingbusinessifyoucanbringdownyourpricet
19、oalevelacceptable.第17页 Practice of CompositionDirections:You are required to write an Inquiry Letter according to the following information given in Chinese.你是美国一家企业经理John Smith。2月17日你收到中国一家企业给你来信,信中附有该企业真丝产品和价格表。今天(5月2日)你给该企业回信表明你对该类产品很感兴趣,美国许多客户经常来信向你问询这类产品。假如价格合理话你将大量订货。同时请对方寄来样品并提供最优惠条件。注意:必须 包含
20、对收信人称谓,写信日期、发信人署名等基本 格式。Words for reference:General Manager总经理;a catalog and a price list of the silk product真丝产品目录和价目表;give considerable orders大量订货;the most favorable terms最优惠条件第18页DearSir,WehavereceivedyourletterofFeb17th,withapricelistandacatalogueofyoursilkproductsenclosed.Wehavemuchinterestinyo
21、urproducts,andweoftenreceivedinquiriesaboutthemfromourcustomersintheUnitedStates.Wewillgiveyouconsiderableordersifyourpricesarereasonable.Ifpossible,pleasesendussomesamplesandgiveusmostfavorableterms.Waitingforyourearliestreply.Yoursfaithfully,JohnSmithTheGeneralManager第19页高等学校英语应用能力考试写作专题(二)第20页一、书
22、信一、书信1)投诉信(ALetterofComplaint).12真题投诉信是对产品或服务表示不满信件,普通分三个部分:1.提出投诉内容;2.说明详细情况;3.提出处理方法惯用表示:1.Imwritingtocomplainaboutthepoorqualityof2.Iamwritingtoexpressmydissatisfactionwith3.Therearesomeproblemswiththephone.4.Icanhardlybear/tolerate/putupwithitanymore.5.Eitheryourefundorexchangeit.6.Pleasereplyas
23、soonaspossible./Anyearlyresponsewillbeappreciated.7.Thankyouforyourconsideration.第21页 2)申请信(ApplicationLetter).12真题当申请一项工作,或申请一个学校留课时,都应该使用申请信。申请信应该简练、明确,如实地反应你才能、成绩、愿望和目标。惯用表示:1.Iamwritingtoapplyforthepositionof/asaqualifiedcandidateof2.Ishouldbeverymuchobligedifyoucouldgrantmyapplication.3.Imlooki
24、ngforwardtoyourearlyreply.3)邀请信(Aletterofinvitation).12真题&教材下册第一课写作(略讲)在日常人际交往和商务活动中,经常需要写邀请信。邀请信分正式和非正式两种。正式邀请信也叫请柬,要求格式规范、庄重,措辞诚恳有礼;非正式邀请信格式与普通书信格式相同,但要求措词婉转、亲切。邀请函通常包含:被邀请者、邀请者、活动时间、地点、内容及安排,假如要求回复,应写明R.S.V.P.附:回复邀请信附:回复邀请信第22页范文给你朋友Jenny写一封邀请信,邀请她于6月25日晚八点和你一起去北京音乐厅听圣诞音乐会。写时候注意写清楚说明时间,地点。而且在信中要表
25、示非常希望对方能够一起去。注意以下词汇:圣诞音乐会 Christmasconcert。June15DearJenny,IhavetwoticketsforafamousChristmasconcertatBeijingConcertHallonFriday,June25.IhearditwasawonderfulconcertandImadegreatefforttogettheticket.Willyoujoinme?IllbewaitingforyouateightsharpFridaynightinfrontoftheconcerthall,sodontdisappointme!Warm
26、estregards.Alice第23页范文请代Jason教授给美国文化研究委员会张青写一封回信,信中感激委员会邀请,并愿意接收邀请参加论坛。他将于6月25日抵达北京。这是一封回函。写时候首先要注意是格式,另外注意是内容表示,要首先感激人家邀请再明确地表示接收邀请。最终表示一个渴望来心情。June14,DearMr.Zhang,Thankyouverymuchforyourkindinvitation.ItiswithgreatestpleasurethatIacceptyourinvitationtoattendtheAmericanCultureForumonJune28atBeijing
27、InternationalConventionCenter.IamexpectedtoarriveinBeijingonJune25.Ilookforwardverymuchtoseeingyouandotherparticipants.Sincerelyyours,Jason第24页4)感激信(Thank-youNote/LetterofThanks)教材上册第二课写作(略讲)惯用表示:1.Imwritingtoexpressmythanksfor2.Thankyousomuchfor3.Imverygratefultoyoufor审题概述商务感激信首先对对方给予款待、帮助等表示由衷感激,然
28、后用简练语言赞赏对方提供帮助所起到作用,或促成结果,最终由衷表示感激,并希望有朝一日能够回报。第25页范文说明:你是EB企业Kate,刚从英国出差回来,在英国期间得到了LH企业Anne Green小姐照料,你想写一封电子邮件表示感激,内容包含:1)感激她在英国期间热情招待;2)告诉她英国很漂亮,给你留下了深刻印象;3)和贵企业接触很融洽,希望能更近一步合作;4)写信日期:4月10April 10,Dear Anne Green,Im writing this mail to thank you for your kindness and hospitality during my stay i
29、n Britain!It was really an unforgettable experience!Through this business visit,I have known your country much better.The beauty of this city really impresses me.Everything goes on well during this trip and we keep good relationship with you.I do hope we can strengthen our further cooperation.Hope I
30、 have the chance to give you a reception in the near future.With many thanks.Sincerely yours,KateEB Company第26页6)祝贺信(ALetterofCongratulations)英语中,祝贺信使用频率很高。凡是碰到重大喜庆节日,如圣诞节、新年、婚礼和生日等等。当亲友晋升、毕业、考试成功或出国留课时也要写祝贺信。详细写作步骤:段首表示听到喜讯心情;主体段落对喜讯进行主动评价;结尾段表示衷心祝贺之情。惯用表示:1.Iwouldliketocongratulateyouonyoursplendi
31、dsuccess.2.Iofferyoumywarmestcongratulationsonyour3.Pleaseacceptmyheartfeltcongratulationson第27页5)道歉信(LetterofApology)道歉信是因工作失误等引发对方不快,而表示赔礼道歉、消除误解、促进情谊和信赖信函。信开头:简单交代对何事进行道歉;正文:解释事情发生原因,消除误会或矛盾;结尾:再次表示遗憾和歉意,表明愿意补救愿望,提出提议或安排。道歉信应注意实事求是,简明扼要,态度诚恳。惯用表示:1.Idoapologizefor/Imterriblysorryfor2.Pleaseaccept
32、myapologyfor第28页7)推荐信(RecommendationLetter/ReferenceLetter)推荐信是一个人为推荐另一个人去接收某个职位或参加某项工作而写信件。惯用表示:1.Itsmygreatpleasuretotaketheopportunitytorecommend2.Iamwritingtoyoutorecommend3.Ifyouhavefurtherquestionsabout,pleasedonothesitatetogivemeacall.Myphonenumberis第29页 8)求职信(ApplicationLetter)求职信又称“自荐信”或“自荐
33、书”,是求职人向用人单位介绍自己情况以求录用专用性文书。求职信内容要求简练、明确,切忌含糊、笼统、面面俱到。求职信写作关键是抓住以下三个部分:写信动机、自我介绍及结尾。写作动机说明是经过何种路径得知岗位信息;自我介绍主要说明自己年纪、教育背景、工作经验及能力;结尾希望能得到面谈机会。惯用表示:1.Iwouldliketoapplyforthepositionofwhichyouadvertisedinthenewspaperof2.IthinkImquitequalifiedforthisjob.3.Ireallyappreciateifyougivemethisopportunity.4.I
34、fyouwouldliketoknowmoreaboutmyability,Icanbeavailableforaninterviewatanytimeconvenienttoyou.第30页范文说明:你叫王凯,于3月30日在智联招聘网(Z)上看到HW企业招聘销售经理信息,请给该企业经理写一封求职信表示求职意愿。内容:1)说明你从何处得到招聘信息;2)简单介绍个人情况:28岁,毕业于东南大学管理学院,硕士学历,曾在ZX企业担任过2年销售经理,经验丰富;3)随信附上简历,期望与经理面谈。DearSirorMadam,LearningfromZthatyourelookingforasalesma
35、nager,Iwouldliketoapplyfortheposition.ImagraduatestudentfromManagementCollegeofSoutheastUniversity.Thoughonly28yearsold,Imrichinworkingexperience,salesknowledgeandmanagementskills.Whatsmore,IhaveonceworkedasasalesmanagerinZXCompanyfor2years.Activismandself-confidenceencouragemetofaceuptoanychallenge
36、.Formoreaboutme,pleaseseetheresumeattached.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucanoffermeachanceofinterview.Lookforwardtoyourearliestreply!Sincerelyyours,WangKai第31页范文你在加拿大学习已经三年多了,想利用暑假打零工,在昨天报纸上看到招聘暑期汉语教师,于是准备申请这个职位。DearSir,YesterdayIfoundintheadthatyouwantaChineseteacherduringsummerholiday.ImfromChinaandIvest
37、udiedinCanadaforthreeyears.IhadbeenaChineseteacherforfiveyearsinamiddleschoolbeforeIleftforCanada.IthinkImquitequalifiedforthisjob.Ireallyappreciateifyougivemethisopportunity.Yourstruly,WangLin第32页范文假如你叫李霞,你从报上得知某企业欲招聘一名英语翻译,请你给该企业经理写一份求职信,你个人资料以下:1.简况:姓名,李霞;年纪,30岁(生于1980年);性别,女;身高,身体情况,良好;业余兴趣,游泳、唱
38、歌,跳舞。2.介绍:南京大学毕业后分配到南通第一中学工作 3.工作:工作认真负责,与人相处和睦。4.专长:精通英语,尤其口语,已将多本汉字书籍译成英语,懂一些德语,能用德语与外宾对话。联络电话:87654321,联络地址:南通市人民路一号June 23,Dear Sir or Madam,I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.Im interested in this job very much and I wish I could get this job.Now
39、 Id like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Xia.Im 30 years old and Im in excellent health condition.I like swimming,singing and dancing in my spare time.I graduated from Nanjing University in.Since then,I have been teaching in Nantong No.1 Middle School.I can work hard and get along well with
40、 others.Im good at English and especially my spoken English is very good.Ive translated many Chinese books into English.I can understand German and I can talk to foreigners in German freely.If you agree with me,please write a letter to me.I live at No.1 Renmin Road,Nantong city.My telephone number i
41、s 87654321.I look forward to hearing from you and appreciate your consideration of my application.Yours Faithfully,Li Xia第33页9)证实信(LetterofCertification)Towhomitmayconcern,Thisistocertifythat10)辞职信(LetterofResignation)注意事项:Iregrethavingtoresignfromtheposition.Iwishyouandcompanythebestluckandfuturesu
42、ccess.(礼貌非常主要)(礼貌非常主要)第34页二、通知与海报(二、通知与海报(Notice and Poster)注意事项:1.通知标志2.发出通知单位及时间3.通知正文4.通知对象5.通知文体第35页范文说明:以学生会名义于5月15日写一张讲座通知,请大家主动参加。演讲人:著名教授Mark Blair先生时间:下周五晚7:00地点:汇报厅主题:世界经济改变审题概述关于讲座通知写作,首先必须介绍讲座内容、时间和地点,然后介绍演讲者相关背景情况,最终提及讲座吸引人之处,同时提倡学生主动参加。NOTICE May 15,There is going to be a lecture on Ch
43、anges of World Economy in the lecture hall at 7:00 p.m.next Friday.The lecture will be given by Prof.Mark Blair,who has got his doctors degree at Cambridge University.He is famous for analyzing world economy,and has published several books in this field.He will tell,in his own humorous style,huge ch
44、anges about the world economy,from which you will learn a lot.All students are welcome to attend this lecture.Students Union第36页范文假设你是英语系学生会主席,你系决定于6月3日(星期一)下午6:30在大礼堂举行“毕业晚会”,将有精彩文艺演出,要求全系学生参加。请写一则通知,告诉大家按时参加。Wordsforreference:大礼堂:auditorium毕业晚会:graduationparty文艺演出:programofentertainment 审题概述 这是一则通
45、知,考生应先构思通知框架结构;接下来,应将每个汉字信息点组成完整句子,这些句子应包含全部信息,不能有遗漏;然后考生应对句子进行语法分析,意在将句子 完善成准确通畅英文句子。NoticeAllthestudentsofEnglishDepartmentarerequiredtoattendtheGraduationPartyat6:30onJune3(Monday).Therewillbewonderfulprogramsofentertainment.Allthestudentsarerequestedtobeattheauditoriumontime.StudentUnionoftheEng
46、lishDepartmentJune1,第37页三、电子邮件(三、电子邮件(E-mail)注意事项:1.日期书写2.邮箱书写第38页四、便条与备忘录(四、便条与备忘录(Note&Memo)1)便条:教材下册第四课(略)请假条与电话摘录2)备忘录(精讲精练P33)作为一个非正式公文,备忘录是在本单位内部为了联络工作,分管某项工作相关人员或下级部门至上级部门所使用一个简短书面交流形式。备忘录主要目标是针对某一事情提醒、督促、通告本单位内部相关人员。格式:见精讲精练P33第39页范文说明:请以总经理秘书名义给总经理写一份电话备忘录。收阅人:总经理Mark发文人:总经理秘书Jennifer日期:2月1
47、日主题:会议预约内容:美国国际贸易企业销售经理Bill Smith将于近期来南京,希望和Mark总经理:1)预约见面时间和地点;2)签署上次谈论相关南京云锦贸易协议;3)希望深入加强合作。Words for reference:南京云锦 Nanjing brocade 美国国际贸易企业 America International Trading CompanyMEMOTo:Mark,General ManagerFrom:Jennifer,SecretaryDate:Feb.1,Subject:Making an AppointmentMr.Bill Smith,Sales Manager o
48、f America International Trade Company,will come to Nanjing for a business trip recently.He hopes to see you and would like to know when and where you could meet each other.He will sign up the trading contract for Nanjing Brocade discussed with us before.And he also hopes to further strengthen our cooperation.第40页五、个人简历(五、个人简历(Resume)(精讲精练)(精讲精练P27)注意事项:1.教育背景(Education)&主修课程(MainCourses)2.经验(WorkExperience)3.技能(Skills)4.所获奖项(Award)六、传真(六、传真(Fax)(精讲精练精讲精练P32)第41页