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1. A patient has a disorder of the central nervous system. Which part of the system could be involved?
A. nerves in the forearm B. nerves to the heart
C. spinal cord D. sympathetic neurons
2. A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse to the central nervous system is called a(an)
A. motor B. sensory C. bipolar D. association
3. The cell that dose not belong with the others because of its function is the
A. sensory neuron B. neuroglia
C. motor neuron D. association neuron
4. visceral effectors would not include
A. muscle in the heart wall B. muscle fibers in the brachialis
C. glandular cells in the parotid salivary gland D. muscle in the wall of the small intestine
5. If a person having a lesion in the spinal cord, the kind of neuron most likely involved is a (an)
A. association B. motor C. sensory D. afferent
6. The portion of the nervous system usually considered to be involuntary is known as the
A. central B. somatic C. autonomic D. peripheral
7. The structure of a neuron required for the regeneration of injured processes is the
A. neurilemma B. myelin sheath
C. cell body membrane D. a process cannot regenerate
8. Neurons that conduct impulses from the central nervous system to muscles or glands are referred as
A. afferent B. association C. voluntary D. efferent
9. Nerve fibers that convey impulse to skeletal muscles are called
A. general somatic efferent B. general visceral afferent
C. general somatic afferent D. general visceral efferent
10. Nerve impulses are conveyed from the cell body by the
A. dendrite B. neurilemma C. axon D. myelin sheath
11. A neuron that contains several dendrites and one axon is referred to as
A. multipolar B. unipolar C. bipolar D. apolar
12. The junction between two neurons is called a
A. myoneural junction B. motor and plate
C. hillock D. synapse
13. Which of the following is composed of sensory neurons only?
A. ventral root of spinal nerves B. white rami communicants
C. gray rami communicants D. dorsal root of spinal nerves
14. A collection of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system is referred to as a
A. ganglion B. horn C. tract D. nucleus
15. The region (space) around the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid is the
A. subdural B. subarachnoid C. epidural D. supradural
16. In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or gland of the body?
A. center B. receptor C. sensory neuron D. effector
17. In a reflex arc, which component represents a muscle or gland?
A. association neuron B. receptor
C. sensory neuron D. effector
18. An occlusion in a choroids plexus would interfere with an individual’s ability to
A. breathe B. carry on peristalsis
C. form cerebrospinal fluid D. store glycogen
19. An obstruction in the interventricular foramen would interfere with the flow of cerebrospinal fluid into
A. lateral ventricle B. third ventricle
C. fourth ventricle D. subarachnoid space of the spinal cord
20. Which structure does not belong with the others?
A. pons B. midbrain C. thalamus D. medulla
21. Which statement concerning the autonomic nervous system is not true?
A. It usually operates without any conscious control.
B. It regulates visceral activities.
C. All of its axons are afferent fibers.
D. It contains rami and ganglia.
22. Which of the following is not a visceral effector?
A. cardiac muscle B. glandular epithelium
C. skeletal muscle D. smooth muscle
23. The cell bodies of preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system are located in the
A. lateral grey horns of the thoracic cord
B. nuclei in the brain stem and lateral gray horns of sacral cord
C. lateral gray horns of cervical cord
D. lateral gray horns of lumbar cord
24. Autonomic ganglia located on either side of the vertebral column from the base of the skull to the coccyx are called
A. prevertebral ganglia B. collateral ganglia
C. terminal ganglia D. lateral ganglia
25. Axons from preganglionic neurons of the parasymphathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
A. synapse in sympathetic chain ganglia
B. synapse in prebertebral ganglia
C. synapse in terminal ganglia
D. are part of the thoracolumbar outflow
26. In the course from anterior rami to the sympathetic trunk, sympathetic priganglionic fibers are contained in structures called
A. white rami communicants B. meningeal branches
C. dorsal rami D. gray rami communicantes
27. In a visceral autonomic reflex, which component conveys the impulse from the central nervous system to the autonomic ganglion?
A. visceral efferent preganglion neuron
B. association neuron
C. visceral efferent postganglion neuron
D. afferent neuron
28. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the sympathetic nervous system?
A. white rami communicants B. inferior cervical ganglion
C. terminal ganglion D. gray rami communicants
29. Which statement is not true of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A. It forms the craniosacaral outflow.
B. It contains terminal ganglia.
C. Its ganglia are near or within visceral effectors.
D. It is distributed throughout the body.
30. Terminal ganglia receive
A. postganglionic fibers from the parasympathetic division
B. postganglionic fibers from the sympathetic division
C. preganglionic fibers from the parasympathetic division
D. preganglionic fibers from the sympathetic division
31. Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves?
A. cervical B. choroid C. brachial D. lumbar
32. Which of the following cranial nerves does not have parasympathetic fibers?
A. oculomotor B. accessory C. facial D. vagus
33. Which of the following is not involved in the autonomic nervous system?
A. sympathetic neurons B. facial nerve
C. vagus nerve D. optic nerve
34. Which of the following is most closely associated with the diencephalons?
A. thalamus B. cerebral aqueduct
C. cerebral peduncles D. corpus callosum
35. Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct sequence?
A. receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, effector
B. effector, receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron
C. effector, sensory neuron, receptor, motor neuron, interneuron
D. receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
36. The phrenic nerve arises from the
A. cervical plexus B. brachial plexus
C. lumbar plexus D. sacral plexus
37. The portion of the brain continuous with the spinal cord is the
A. hypothalamus B. pons C. cerebellum D. medulla
38. The cerebral aqueduct links the
A. lateral ventricles B. lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle
C. 3rd and 4th ventricle D. lateral ventricles and 4th ventricle
39. Which of the following cranial nerves is not a mixed nerve?
A. vagus B. trigeminal C. glossopharyngeal D. vestibulocochlear
40. Clusters of neuron cell bodies are not the main constituents of
A. grey matter B. central nervous system nuclei
C. ganglia D. tracts
41. The part of neuron that conducts impulses toward its cell body is called a(an)
A. axon B. dendrite C. effector D. myelin sheath
42. The cytoplasmic extensions that provide the main receptive surfaces for neuron are
A. neuroglia B. cell bodies C. axons D. dendrites
43. Masses of myelinated nerve fibers appear
A. white B. gray C. brown D. transparent
44. A neuron that travels through the oculomotor nerve to an extrinsic muscle of eye is of what type?
A. afferent B. efferent C. association D. effector
45. Neurons that conduct impulses to the spinal cord or brain are called
A. sensory neurons B. efferent neurons
C. association neurons D. motor neurons
46. A diseased or injured neuron cannot regenerate if
A. it is located in the PNS B. its axon has no myelin sheath
C. its axon has no neurilemma D. its axon has been cut
47. The presence of myelin on a process gives what characteristics?
A. gray color B. increased rate of transmission
C. regeneration of the process D. none of the above
48. Which of the following would not be true of a reflex arc?
A. always includes a sensory neuron and a motor neuron
B. always has its center in the brain or the spinal cord
C. always terminates in muscle or gland
D. always includes an interneuron
49. The basal nuclei
A. are located in the cerebrum B. consist mainly of gray matter
C. include the caudate and lentiform D. all of the above
50. If anterior root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies?
A. complete loss of movement B. complete loss of sensation
C. complete loss of sensation and movement
D. loss of neither sensation nor movement, but only of autonomic control of blood vessels and sweat glands
51. Loss of the sense of smell might be due to injury of which cranial nerve?
A. Ⅰ B. Ⅱ C. Ⅲ D. Ⅷ
52. Which of the following endocrine glands are paired?
A. pituitary B. pancreas C. pineal D. adrenal
53. Which of the following describes the main function of receptor?
A. they produce responses after stimuli have been received
B. they coordinate stimulus and response
C. they control the autonomic functions of the body
D. they make possible the body’s detection of changes in its environment
54. Which of the following is not necessary for any of the responses referred to as reflexes
A. effectors B. receptors C. cerebral cortex D. synapse
55. Loss of autonomic control to thoracic and abdominal organs might be due to injury of which cranial nerve?
A. Ⅲ B. Ⅶ C. Ⅹ D. Ⅸ
56. Failure to feel pain from an abscessed tooth is due to injury of the fifth cranial nerve. Its name is
A. trigeminal B. mandibular C. trochlear D. facial
57. What term refers to the part of the nervous system composed of cranial and spinal nerves?
A. autonomic B. central C. white matter D. peripheral
58. Which of the following is an effector?
A. retina B. triceps brachii C. tympanic membrane D. all of the above
59. Which of the following combinations are correct?
A. C1-5—brachial plexus B. femoral nerve—lumbosacaral plexus
C. brachial plexus—nerve to diaphragm D. T2-11—thoracic plexus
60. the hypothalamus is part of the
A. basal nuclei B. diencephalon C. cerebrum D. cerebellum
61. The central sulcus separates the
A. frontal lobe from parietal lobe B. parietal lobe from occipital lobe
C. parietal lobe from temporal lobe D. occipital lobe from cerebellum
62. Which of the following is not part of the cerebrum?
A. thalamus B. corpus callosum
C. lateral ventricle D. basal nuclei
63. Which of the following is not involved with spinal nerve plexuses?
A. anterior rami B. posterior rami
C. cervical nerve Ⅴ D. thoracic nerve Ⅰ
64. Characteristics of the endocrine system would not include
A. secretions are released into blood vessels
B. involves a very rapid response (within milliseconds)
C. uses chemical passengers called hormones
D. includes adrenal gland and ovaries
65. Which of the following is not within the vertebral canal?
A. posterior primary ramus B. anterior root
C. posterior root ganglion D. posterior horns
66. Which of the following would be a sensory ganglion?
A. posterior root ganglion B. superior mesenteric ganglion
C. lateral ganglion D. collateral ganglion
67. Which of the following combination is not correct?
A. corpus callosum—diencephalon B. corpora quadrigemina—midbrain
C. cortex—cerebellum D. thalamus—diencephalon
68. Neuron cell bodies are located in all but
A. horns of spinal cord B. meninges
C. basal nuclei D. cortex
69. Which of the following is not associated with cerebrospinal fluid?
A. choroid plexus B. cervical plexus
C. lateral ventricle D. subarachnoid space
70. Which of the following would have its cell body located in a ganglion?
A. somatic motor neuron B. interneuron
C. afferent neuron D. preganglionic neuron
71. Which cranial nerve is not a major mixed nerve in function?
A. facial B. optic C. glossopharyngeal D. trigeminal
72. In the course from the anterior ramus to the sympathetic trunk, sympathetic preganglionic neurons are contained in structures called
A. white rami communicants B. anterior rami
C. posterior rami D. splanchnic nerves
73. Which structure is not located inside the vertebral canal?
A. cauda equina B. dorsal root ganglion
C. conus medullaris D. anterior ramus
74. Which of the following would be true regarding neurons?
A. the axon of a motor neuron extends from the cell toward an effector
B. a neuron usually has many axons, connected to other neurons
C. sensory and motor neurons have dendrites while association neurons do not
D. the dendrite of one neuron usually connects to a dendrite of the next neuron
75. Regeneration of a neuron process is possible only if the affected neuron
A. has a myelin sheath B. has nodes of Ranvier
C. has a neurilemma sheath D. is in a ramus of a spinal nerve
76. Neuron cell bodies are located in
A. white matter of spinal cord B. menings
C. gray matter of spinal cord D. central nuclei of the spinal nerves
77. Which combination is correct?
A. phrenic nerve—diaphragm B. cervical plexus—C1-6
C. intercostals nerve—brachial plexus D. sciatic nerve--anterior arm
78. Characteristics of the endocrine system are include
A. all endocrine secretions are steroids
B. the pancreas and the salivary glands are endocrine
C. responses occur multiseconds after release of hormones
D. secretions released into blood vessels
79. Axons from preganglionic neurons of the craniosacaral outflow
A. synapse in the lateral chain B. synapse in prevertebral ganglia
C. synapse in terminal ganglia D. synapse in the superior mesenteric ganglia
80. The loss of sense of hearing could result from injury of which cranial nerve?
A. Ⅰ B. Ⅱ C. Ⅴ D. Ⅷ
81. Which of the following would be considered sensory in function?
A. terminal ganglion B. posterior root ganglion
C. anterior ramus D. anterior root
82. A neuron that transmits an impulse away from the CNS is called a(an)__neuron.
A. motor B. sensory C. afferent D. effector
83. Which of the following are true statements relating to the menings?
A. The dura mater is composed of a dense fibrous connective tissue.
B. The dura mater around the brain is single-layered.
C. Venous sinuses occur between the two dural layers around the spinal cord.
D. The most superficial meninx is the arachnoid membrane.
84. A collection of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS is referred to as a
A. ganglion B. horn C. tract D. nucleus
85. Which of the following is a voluntary effector?
A. cochlea of ear B. salivary gland
C. diaphragm D. myocardium of the heart
86. Which of the following combinations would be correct regarding the cranial nerves?
A. vagus—mix
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