unit-8-How-do-you-make-a-banana-milk-shake知识点总结.doc

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?【重难点】1、本单元重点词汇、句型2、可数名词与不可数名词量的表达3、 祈使句的类型1.turn on（off打开、接通关掉（电器 2.cut up 切碎3.pourinto把倒入 4. milk shake奶昔5.addto把加到上 6.a piece of 一片，一张，一条，一块，一首7.how many/how much 多少 8.two spoons of 两茶匙9. fillwith 用把装满 10.coverwith用覆盖/盖着11.make a banana milk shake 制作香蕉奶昔 12.turkey slices火鸡切片13.heres a recipe for.这儿是制作的食谱 14.at this time在这时15.slices of duck =duck slices 鸭肉片 16.a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶17.need some help需要一些帮助 18.puton把放在的上面19.one by one一个接一个 20. some lettuce 一些生菜 不可数（bread, butter）1.peel【用法】peel 意为“剥，削（水果的皮）”，为及物动词，其后既可接名词、代词作宾语，也可接双宾语，即peel sb. sth. 或peel sth. for sb.，意为“给某人削（剥）果皮”。2.slice【用法】slice意为“薄片，切片”，常用短语a slice of表示“一片”。【例句】 What he needed was just a slice of chicken. 他所需要的仅仅是一片鸡肉。3.top【用法】top是名词，意为“顶；上部”，on the top意为“在上面”；on 表示在一个面上，top后常接of。【例句】1. The mountain tops are covered with snow. 山顶遍布积雪。2. She put some sugar on the top of her cake. 她在蛋糕上加上糖。4.pour【用法】pour是动词，意为 倒, 往倒, 倾泻。常用短语及句型有：pour down“大雨倾盆而下”、pourinto“把倒进”、pour sth for sb=pour sb sth“为某人倒” 【例句】1. She poured some orange juice into my glass. 她往我的杯子里倒了些橘子汁。 2. Would you like to pour me a cup of coffee, please. 请给我倒一杯咖啡好吗?3. The rain is pouring down. 天正在下倾盆大雨.5.amount 【用法】 n. 总数；总额；量。amount用来修饰不可数名词，常用短语是a large amount of.【例句】 The amount of money is 2,000 dollars. 钱的总额是两千美元。6.need 【用法】v. 需要。做实义动词，可以直接带宾语，也可以和带to的不定式连用，可用于各种结构。【例句】1. I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。 2. They didnt need to go. 他们不必去。 3. The bike needs to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。【拓展】need做情态动词。need做情态动词表示“需要”,主要用于否定及疑问句中，没有时态与人称的变化，后加动词原形。【例句】Need I come? 要我来吗？ Yes, you must. 是，你得来。 No, you neednt. 不，你不必来。【即学即练】 1. What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? Well, it be big thats not important. A. mustntB. needntC. cantD. wont 2. “Must we do it now?” “No, you _.” A. wont B. neednt C. cant D. dont 3. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. neednt to come B. dont need come C. dont need coming D. neednt come 4.You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not7.mix 【用法】v. 混合；混在一起。常用短语mix up 搅匀；搅和；混淆；弄乱,其结构为动词加副词构成，后接名词或代词做宾语，名词可以放在中间或者后面，代词只能放中间。【例句】1. You should mix up all the ingredients. 你要把所有的材料混合起来。2. Its too easy to mix him up with his brother. They look the same. 8.finally【用法】adv. 最后地；最终可放于句首、句中或句末。其形容词为final。【例句】1. I worked out the maths problem finally. 最终我算出了那道数学题。 2. We are getting ready for the final exam. 我们正在为期末考试做准备。8.turn on【用法】turn on意为“打开，旋开（电灯、煤气、自来水、无线电等）”，其反义词组是turn off “关（水源、煤气、电灯等）。 注意：“开（关）门、窗、盒子”等用动词open和close。【例句】1. Its too dark. Please turn on the light. 太黑了，请开灯吧。 2. Please turn off the TV when you leave the room. 离开房间的时候请关掉电视机。【考查点】短语辨析：turn on, turn off, turn up, turn downturn on意为“（把水源、煤气、电源等）打开”，其反义词组为turn off；turn down 意为“（把收音机的音量、灯等）关小、调低”，其反义词组为turn up。这些短语中on, off, up, down都是副词，后接代词作宾语时，代词要放在副词的前面。9.cut up【用法】cut up 意为“切碎”，是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，代词作宾语时只能放在中间，名词作宾语时既可放在其中间也可放在副词up的后面。10.one more thing“还有一件事”【用法】基数词+more+名词，意为“再，又，还”=another+基数词+名词 【例句】Two more apples=another two apples11.fill【用法】强调动作：fillwith把用装满；fillinto把装入【例句】1. The farmer fills the bag with corn. 2. He filled the books into the boxes. 强调状态：be filled with装满了=be full of12.cover 【用法】n.覆盖物，盖子；封皮the cover of the book v.覆盖，盖上coverwith 用盖上，强调动作：Cover the dish with newspapers.be covered with被覆盖，强调状态：The outside is all covered with snow.13.serve 【用法】v.服务，接待，提供 serve （to sb.）（给）提供=serve sb. (with) sth. 【例句】The hotel serve the guests (with) breakfast.1、How many bananas do we need?【用法】how many意为“多少”，后接可数名词的复数形式，用来提问可数名词的数量。【例句】1. How many books do you have? About 50. 2. How many monkeys are there in the zoo? 2、How much yogurt do we need?【用法】how much亦意为“多少”，询问不可数名词的数量，后接不可数名词；how much还可以用来提问价格。【例句】1. How much milk is there in the cup? 2. How much is the coat? 80 yuan. 【语法点学习】（一）祈使句 含义：用来表达请求、命令、警告、禁止等得句子，以动词原形开头。 类型结构主语否定强调形式Do型实意动词原形（+宾语）+其他第二人称句首加Dont或Never句首加DO或主语YouBe型Be动词+表语（形或名）+其他第二人称Let型Let+宾语+动词原形+其他第一/第三人称Let sb. not do【例句】1. Have a cup of milk shake.Dont have any milk shake.2. Be careful, please.Dont be careless.3. Let them leave here.Let them not leave here.4. Do be careful when you cross the road.（强调句）过马路时你务必小心。 5. You do as I told you.（强调句）你按照我所说的做。（二）可数名词与不可数名词英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。 1. 可数名词可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an，表示“一个”，如：a banana。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es（特殊情况除外），如：two bananas。2. 不可数名词不可数名词指物体的数量不可数。不可数名词没有单复数之分，也不能在词前直接加冠词a或an。表示不可数名词的数量时可在不可数名词前加相应的数量词构成短语。如：a piece of, a glass of, a bottle of., a bag of, a teaspoon of等。 【考题链接】 1. How much yogurt do we need? We need . A. two yogurt B. two teaspoons of yogurt C. two yogurts D. two teaspoons of yogurts 2. Its good to have every day. A. two glass of milk B. two glass of milks C. two glasses of milk D. two glasses of milks 3. 可数名词与不可数名词的修饰词1）可数名词的单数形式可在名词前直接加a或an，表示“一个”，如：an apple。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es（特殊情况除外），如：two oranges (两个桔子)。可数名词的数量除了用冠词a，an和基数词表示外，还可用下面的数量词表示：many 许多 如：many apples 许多苹果a few 几个 如：a few students 几个学生few 很少 如：few people 很少人2）不可数名词还可用下面的数量词表示数量：much 许多 如：much rain 大量的雨a little 一点儿 如：a little water 一点儿水little 很少 如：little meat 一丁点儿肉3）既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的数量词有：lots of = a lot of许多，大量 如：lots of paper 大量的纸 a lot of books 很多书some 一些（用于肯定句） 如：some water一些水 some cups 一些杯子4. 可数名词复数形式的构成方法名词单数变复数口诀：名词单数变复数，直接加-s的占多数；词尾若是-s，-x，-ch，sh，直接加上-es。词尾若是f或fe，加-s之前要变ve；“辅音字母+y”，要把y变i再加-es。词尾字母若是o，加-es的有hero，tomato和potato等；加-s的有photo，radio等。还有一些不规则变化：男人女人变一个；脚牙一变变一双；小孩后面加三个。鹿和绵羊是一家，单数复数无变化。具体单词如下： man-men woman-women policeman（男警察）-policemen policewoman（女警察）-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish sheep-sheep deer -deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese以-f(e)结尾的名词变复数树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像小偷逃命忙。leafleaves halfhalves wifewives knifeknivesshelfshelves wolfwolves thiefthieves 两个特例：roofroofs, scarfscarfs /scarves表示“某国人”的名词变复数中日不变英法变，其他-s加后面。Chinese, Japanese, Englishman, Frenchman, American, Australian, German 【即学即练】 1. Can I help you? Bring us two , please. A. teaspoons of butter B. teaspoon of butter C. teaspoon of butters D. teaspoons of butters 2. Please give me . A. three cup of tea B. three cups of teas C. three cup tea D. three cups of tea 3. There are two in the basket. A. potatos B. tomatos C. potatoes D. zoos 4. Id like some cheese and (tomato), please. 5. I want to put some (sugar) in the porridge.