凤翔县旅游规划保护说明书综合版本.doc

目录
第一章 概述·····················································1
1.1 凤翔县概况····················································1
1.1.1区域位置···················································1
1.1.2自然地貌···················································1
1.1.3社会经济概况··············································1
1.2历史沿革·······················································2
第二章 总则与框架··············································3
2.1规划总则·······················································3
2.1.1 指导思想··················································3
2.1.2 规划依据··················································4
2.1.3 规划原则··················································4
2.1.4 规划范围··················································5
2.1.5 规划期限··················································6
2.2保护框架及重点················································6
2.2.1层次框架···················································6
2.2.2保护重点··················································6
第三章 内涵与特色··············································7
3.1历史文化名城内涵和特色······································7
3.2历史文化遗产资源的构成······································8
3.2.1资源构成·················································8
3.2.1.1自然环境··············································8

3.2.1.2人文环境···············································9
3.2.1.3人工环境··············································10第四章 凤翔历史文化名城保护现存问题······················12
4.1现状··························································12
4.1.1物质文化遗产保护（县域 县城）现状····················12
4.1.2非物质遗产保护现状······································17
4.2存在问题······················································17
4.2.1大遗址保护利用···········································17
4.2.2文化遗产环境保护········································18
4.2.3非物质文化遗产的继承···································18
4.2.4名城保护缺乏必要的机制保障和资金·····················18
4.2.5历史文化名城保护理论···································19

第五章 县域保护···············································19
5.1县域总体格局·················································19
5.2县域总体保护结构（一环 两片 三点）·························19
5.3自然遗产的保护··············································20
5.3.1山水格局及地貌特征······································20
5.31.1现状·················································20
5.3.1.1.1山水格局·······································20
5.3.1.1.2地貌特征·······································20
5.3.1.2保护措施············································20

5.3.2水系水景····················································20
5.3.2.1对象······················································20
5.3.2.2现状及保护措施··········································20
5.3.3古树名木····················································22
5.3.3.1现状····················································22
5.3.3.2保护措施···············································22
5.4名镇··························································23
5.4.1.1现状概况（遗迹 格局 所在区域）···················23
5.4.1.2价值评估············································23
5.5名村··························································24
5.5.1六营民俗村············································24
5.5.2大海子羊肉宴民俗村··································26
5.5.3豆腐村················································26
5.5.4西府周家花园美食民俗村······························26第六章 雍城遗址的保护········································26
6.1 遗址概况······················································26
6.2 价值评估·····················································27
6.2.1历史价值·················································27
6.2.2 秦雍城遗址的科学艺术价值······························28
6.2.3雍城的社会经济价值······································29
6.3保护区划······················································30
6.3.1保护区划边界············································30

6.3.2保护区划管理规定········································30
6.4遗址的展示···················································31
6.5考古规划·····················································32
6.6人口聚落调控规划············································33
6.7遗址土地利用调控规划·······································35
6.8遗址区环境整治及景观规划··································37
6.9遗址区基础设施改造规划·····································40
6.10遗址区保护管理规划········································41
6.11投资估算与资金筹措········································44
6.12分期实施规划···············································45

第七章 凤翔古城保护···········································47
7.1凤翔古城总体保护框架········································47
7.2城墙格局保护·················································47
7.2.1 城墙概况·················································47
7.2.2 管理规定·················································47
7.2.3 价值评估·················································47
7.2.4保护现状与存在的问题···································47
7.2.5 保护措施·················································48
7.3历史街区的保护··············································48
7.3.1 明清街区·················································48
（1) 街区概况·················································48

（2) 保护现状与存在问题·····································48
（3) 价值评估·················································48
（4) 保护与利用原则和控制因素······························48
（5) 保护措施·················································49
7.3.2 宋街区···················································50
（1）街区概况·················································50
（2）保护现状与存在问题·····································50
（3）价值评估·················································50
（4）保护与利用原则和控制因素······························50
（5）保护措施·················································51
7.4重点片区的保护···············································51
7.4.1周氏民居····················································51
（1) 保护区域的界定··········································52
（2)保护现状与存在问题······································52
（3)价值评估··················································51
（4)保护措施··················································52
7.4.2 东湖························································52
（1） 保护区域的界定············································52
（2） 保护现状与存在问题·······································52
（3） 价值评估···················································52
（4） 保护措施···················································52

第八章 文物古迹的保护········································53
8.1文物保护的层次和内容·······································53
8.2文物保护单位的保护·········································54
8.3地下文物的保护··············································55
8.4历史建筑·····················································57

第九章 非物质文化遗产的保护·································58
9.1 凤翔非物质文化遗产类型·····································58
9.1.1 国家级非物质文化——凤翔泥塑························58
9.1.2 陕西省非物质文化遗产··································58
9.1.3 凤翔八大文化···········································59
9.1.4 凤翔八景················································60
9.2 非物质文化遗产保护总体思路································61
9.3 保护措施·····················································62
9.3.1 整体保护措施············································62
9.3.2 具体保护措施············································62
9.3.3 与旅游结合措施··········································62
9.4 保护规划的实施··············································62
第十章 历史文化的整体彰显···································64
10.1展示格局····················································64
10.1.1史前文化遗址············································64
10.1.2秦雍城遗址··············································64
10.1.3周氏民居················································64
10.1.4秦穆公墓················································65
10.2展示方式···················································65
10.2.1 露天原状展示········································65
10.2.2 基址复原展示········································65
10.2.3标识展示··············································65
10.2.4馆场展示··············································66
10.2.5考古发掘现场展示·····································66
10.2.6虚拟和模拟展示·······································66
10.3展示路线··················································67
10.3.1史前文化遗址展示路线·································67
10.3.2秦雍城遗址展示路线····································67
10.3.3周氏民居展示路线······································68
10.3.4秦穆公墓展示路线······································68
10.4重点项目展示规划··········································68
第十一章 旅游发展规划设想···································70
11.1旅游资源评价与旅游产业分析·······························70
11.1.1旅游资源现状···········································70
11.1.2旅游资源定性评价······································70
11.1.3旅游资源定量评价······································71
11.2旅游业发展现状及问题······································74
11.2.1凤翔旅游业发展的现状·································74
11．2．2凤翔旅游业存在的问题······························75
11.3规划指导思想、目标和策略·································76
11.3.1规划指导思想··········································76
11.3.2规划指导目标··········································76
11.3.3旅游发展策略··········································77
11.4旅游空间布局规划··········································78
11.5旅游产品设计与线路规划····································78 11.5.1旅游产品设计·············································79
11.5.2旅游线路设计···········································81
11.6市域旅游产业发展规划······································80
11.6.1旅游农业···············································80
11.6.2旅游工业·················································81
11.6.3旅游商业·················································81
11．7县域旅游服务体系与支撑系统建设·························81
11.7.1旅游区服务体系建设····································81
11.7.2旅游支撑系统建设······································82
11.7.3旅游人力资源开发······································84
11.7.4旅游信息化建设········································86

第十二章 规划实施措施与建议································86
12.1规划实施措施···············································87
12.2规划实施建议···············································88

第一章 概述
1.1 凤翔县概况
1.1.1 区域位置
凤翔，位于102.23E，34.31N，陕西关中平原西部，东毗岐山，南临宝鸡，西联千阳，北接麟游；县城在辖境中心城关镇，东距西安市183.9Km，西南距宝鸡市39.8Km。
1.1.2 自然地貌
（一）地形地貌
凤翔北高南低。北部为山地丘陵，地形起伏。沟谷发育，水土流失强烈。南部为黄土台塬，西北高、东南低。除西北部的平缓丘陵和西南部的千河谷地外，塬面完整开阔，地势起伏不大。
（二）气候气象
属半湿润、半干旱暖温带季风气候；年平均气温11．5℃，极端最高气温40．2℃。极端最底气温—19.2℃。年均降水量610毫米，无霜期207天，灾害性天气有干旱、霜冻和冰雹。
（三）土壤水文
境内有雍水河、横水河等25条河流，均属渭河水系。
1.1.3 社会经济概况
（一）人口
凤翔县位于关中盆地和渭北黄土台塬西部。宝鸡市东北。相传秦穆公之女弄玉善于吹笛，引来善于吹簘的华山隐士簘史，知音相遇，终成眷属，后乘凤凰飞翔而去，唐时取此意更名凤翔。面积1179平方千米。凤翔县辖12个镇、5个乡：城关镇、虢王镇、彪角镇、横水镇、田家庄镇、糜杆桥镇、郭店镇、南指挥镇、陈村镇、长青镇、柳林镇、姚家沟镇、尹家务乡、唐村乡、董家河乡、范家寨乡、汉封乡，233个行政村，8个社区。人口51．5万人。
（二）经济
1）宏观经济分析
由2008年至2012年凤翔县地方生产总值变化情况可见，凤翔县经济发展持续向好，县域经济实力显著增强，各项社会事业全面提升。初步核算全县地方生产总值143.01亿元，按可比价格计算同比增长14.1%。其中：第一产业增加值20.90亿元，增长6.3%；第二产业增加值90.95亿元，增长17.5%；第三产业增
2

加值31.16亿元，增长9.3%；三次产业的比重是：14.6︰63.6︰21.8。根据库兹涅茨的标准结构分析，旅游产业的发展与经济发展水平高度相关一般表现为双向促进。交通事业继续保持快速发展势头，县域内“四高两铁一环线，十纵十横一机场”立体交通网络进一步优化和完善。凤翔县经济的腾飞为旅游业发展提供了良好的环境支撑，是旅游业实现腾飞的良好保证，为凤翔东湖景区旅游发展奠定了基础，是其良好发展的沃土。
2）微观经济分析
2012年全县农民人均纯收入9159元，比上年净增1263元，增长16.0%。农民人均生活消费支出6173元，增长56.14%，全年农村劳动力转移就业17.4万人次，其中劳务输出11.2万人，创劳务收入11.6亿元；城镇在岗职工人数20333人，职工年平均工资37272元。据抽样调查推算，全县城镇居民人均可支配收入26630元，比上年净增加3534元，增长15.3%。菲利普·科特勒根据亚洲地区居民的年收入，将其消费特点概括成6个档次,2012年凤翔县城镇居民可支配收入26630元，居民的可支配收入位于第Ⅳ层次，这时居民将产生“多样化的休闲开支，包括旅游度假”。这一消费者行为的基本规律，为凤翔东湖景区提供了丰富的客源市场，是景区制定发展规划的基本依据与保障。

1.2历史沿革
凤翔，在距今六千多年前的原始社会新石器时代，就有氏族公社村落分布。夏代为九州之一的雍州之域。商代为太史周任之封国，称为周国。西周为王畿地，属召公奭采邑，称雍邑。周平王元年（公元前770），周室东迁后，封护驾有功的秦襄公为诸侯，赐为秦地。秦德公元年（公元前677）徙都雍城（今县城南），至秦孝公在雍城设雍县，定为大县。从此，雍城成为雍县的治所。
秦代实行郡县制，雍县属内史地（郡级，设于京畿）。
汉袭秦制，仍为郡领县。高祖二年（公元前205），雍县属中地郡。武帝至十六国时期雍县属扶风郡。
唐高祖武德元年（618），推行郡（州、府）县制。撤销扶风郡，分设岐州，治所雍县。太宗贞观元年（627），实行道、郡（州、府）、县三级制。雍县属关内道岐州。玄宗天宝元年（742），撤岐州，设扶风郡，治所雍县。“安史之乱”中肃宗于至德元年（756）改扶风郡为凤翔郡，分雍县东南地另设天兴县。二年八月驻跸时，取“凤鸣于岐，翔于雍”的祥瑞之意，升凤翔郡为凤翔府，称“西京” ，改雍县为凤翔县。代宗宝应元年（762），凤翔县并入天兴县，属凤翔府。敬宗宝历元年（825），凤翔府又称“西都”，不久废。凤翔府治天兴（今凤翔县南七里，遗址无从详考），领八县：天兴、宝鸡（今宝鸡市区）、麟游、普润（今麟游县西部）、眉县、虢县（607年撤洛邑县后置，在今宝鸡县境内）、凤翔、扶风。
五代时期仍为道郡（州、府）县三级制。天兴县属关西道凤翔府，府治天兴。凤翔府仍领八县。北宋地方政权设路、府（州）、县。神宗熙宁五年（1072）置秦凤路（治所秦州，今甘肃省天水市），其提点刑狱（司法机构）在凤翔府，府治天兴，领九县：天兴、凤翔、宝鸡、扶风、眉县、虢县、周至、麟游、普润。
金太祖初年，仍沿宋建置。熙宗皇统二年（1142），改秦凤路为熙秦路。三年，改天兴县为天兴军，不久又恢复天兴县 。世宗大定十九年（1179），以“天兴县”与京都“衍庆殿”字音相近，更为凤翔县。二十七年（1187），分熙秦路增设凤翔路，治所凤翔，领二府四州。辖地相当于今周至、扶风以西，秦岭以北，甘肃省葫芦河流域以东，宁夏海原、同心县以南。不久升凤翔府为总管府，后又改称凤翔府。凤翔府治所及领县均同于宋代。
元代地方政权设省（道）、府（州）、县。初撤凤翔路，存凤翔府，直属陕西行中书省。成宗大德九年（1305），凤翔府更为散府，后复称凤翔府，归陕西汉中道肃政廉访司管辖。府治凤翔，领五县：凤翔、凤翔、麟游（普润县并入）、宝鸡（虢县并入）、扶风。
明太祖洪武九年（1376），改陕西行中书省为陕西承宣布政使司，凤翔府直属，府治凤翔，领七县一州：凤翔、凤翔、扶风、宝鸡、千阳、麟游、眉县及陇州（今陇县及宝鸡县西北部）。清代地方政权为省、道、府、县（州）。凤翔县属陕西省凤邠道凤翔府，道治、府治均设凤翔县。凤翔府领七县一州：凤翔、凤翔、扶风、宝鸡、千阳、麟游、眉县及陇州（今陇县及宝鸡县西北部）。
民国二年（1913），裁府留县设道。凤翔县属陕西省关中道。二十二年（1933），撤道，凤翔县直辖于陕西省。二十七年（1938）设陕西省凤翔专员公署，治所凤翔，辖十二县：凤翔、凤翔、扶风、武功、永寿、邠县、乾县、眉县、宝鸡、凤县、千阳、陇县。三十年（1941），专员公署迁宝鸡，改称陕西省第九行政督察专员公署，辖凤翔县。
1949年7月14日凤翔解放，凤翔县隶属陕甘宁边区宝鸡分区。
1950年1月凤翔县改属陕西省宝鸡分区，10月分区更名专区。
1956年10月专区撤销，凤翔县由陕西省直辖。
1957年7月，凤翔县宁王乡划归宝鸡县管辖。
1958年11月，撤销凤翔、麟游县建置，将原凤翔、麟游县及眉县渭河以北地域统归凤翔县，县人民政府设凤翔。
1961年1月，凤翔县改属宝鸡市管辖。9月，三县分设，凤翔县改属宝鸡专区。
1962年9月，凤翔县长青公社花园大队划归千阳县。
1969年10月，凤翔县改属宝鸡专区更名的宝鸡地区管辖。
1980年，凤翔县改属宝鸡地、市合一的宝鸡市管辖至今。

第二章 总则与框架
2.1规划总则
2.1.1 指导思想
1、深入贯彻落实科学发展观，坚持走地方特色的城镇化道路，合理安排城市发展空间和发展时序，引导城市走可持续发展的道路。
2、节约和集约利用资源，保护生态人文环境、尊重历史文化、彰显城市特色，重视城市历史文脉的延续，弘扬凤翔县悠久的历史文化。
3、因地制宜确定城市发展目标与战略，实现城乡协调发展的目标，将城市空间布局规划、经济发展规划和社会发展规划有机结合，协同发展。
4、加强规划的指导性，实现城市规划作为政府调控城市空间资源、指导城乡发展与建设、维护社会公平、保障公共安全和公众利益的重要公共政策的作用。
2.1.2规划依据
1）国际宪章及宣言
《国际古迹遗址保护及修复宪章》（即《威尼斯宪章》），历史古迹建筑师及技师国际会议，1964年5月；
《关于保护历史的或传统的建筑群及它们在现代生活中的地位的建议》（即《内罗毕建议》，联合国教科文组织，1976年10月；
《保护历史城镇与城区宪章》(即《华盛顿宪章》)，国际古迹遗址理事会, 1987年10月；
《西安宣言》, 国际古迹遗址理事会, 2005年10月。
2）法律依据
《中华人民共和国城乡规划法》(2007年10月)；
《历史文化名城名镇名村保护条例》(2008年4月)
《中华人民共和国文物法》(2002年10月)；
《中华人民共和国文物法实施细则》(1992年5月)。
3）规章、规范依据
建设部《城市规划编制办法》(2006年4月)；
建设部《历史文化名城保护规划规范》(2005年10月)；
建设部《城市紫线管理办法》（2004年2月）；
建设部《城市用地分类与规划建设用地标准》(2003年10月)。
4）相关规划依据
《凤翔县县城总体规划（2011－2025）》；
《凤翔县旅游发展总体规划（2011－2025）》

2.1.3 规划原则
1、区域协调、统筹城乡发展原则。从宏观区域层面对凤翔的发展要求以及凤翔周边地区的统筹协调两方面入手，统筹兼顾，合理布局，妥善处理区域发展中各方面的关系，协调发展，促进国民经济健康快速发展和社会全面进步，全面实现建设小康社会目标。
2、可持续发展原则。保护凤翔丰富的自然生态、农田、矿产、文物古迹及非物质文化遗产等各类自然与人文资源，大力发展循环经济，建立可持续的经济增长方式和消费模式，保障城市的可持续发展。
3、社会和谐原则。坚持以人为本，以满足社会的发展和人的发展为出发点，以提高城乡居民物质、精神生活水平为最终目标，关注弱势群体，通过构建和谐的空间结构和适度的城市规模来满足人们对经济、社会及环境的需求。
4、突出特色原则。立足凤翔自身的发展基础，在区域定位、产业发展、城市建设、景观塑造等方面突出凤翔特色，继承和弘扬地方文化，树立城市品牌，提升城市综合竞争力。
5、远近结合原则。适应快速城镇化时期的空间拓展与优化需求，以发展的眼光合理确定城市发展时序，既要满足近期建设的现实需要，也要应对远期城市发展中的不确定因素，增强规划的适应性与可操作性。
6、公众参与和可操作性原则。加强凤翔县总体规划的灵活性，在保证整体结构系统的前提下使具体操作便于分期实施和经营；提供合理、可行、富于弹性的开发计划和设计手段，针对开发建设，充分听取公众的意见，实行公众参与制度，提出循序渐进的发展模式，形成良性循环、滚动开发的机制，从而在充分满足居民需要的同时也能够适应现代城市发展的变化

2.1.4 规划范围
本次城市规划分为两个层面，一是城市规划区，包含行政界线管辖范围内的城市市区、近郊区以及城市行政区域内其他因城市建设和发展需要实行规划控制的区域。第二个层面为中心城区，包含城市建设用地及近郊区，分为中心城区规划区范围和中心城区建设用地范围。
(1)城市规划区
考虑本次规划为县级城市总体规划，应将城区建设和县域城镇发展统筹考虑，因此将全县域作为本次城市规划的规划区范围，总面积为1179平方公里。
(2)中心城区
本次规划中心城区建设用地范