which与who引导的定语从句初中.doc

which、who引导的定语从句一、 which引导的定语从句which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。例如：The building which / that stands near the river is our school. (先行词在从句中作主语) The house (which / that) we live in is not large. (先行词在从句中作live in宾语) = The house where we live is not large. (先行词在从句中作live的状语) = The house in which we live is not large.(先行词在从句中作live的宾语，介词后面的which不能省略)小试牛刀：The school is very beautiful. I study in the school. This is the watch. He was looking for a watch. 【2012河南】Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_ you had with your dad yesterday.A. what B. which C. when D. who【2013湖北】The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which【2013浙江】This is the hotel _last month. A. atwhich they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. that they stayed二、 who、whom引导的定语从句1、who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。但是who 的前面不能有介词，如果带介词，则必须用： 介词+whom。例如：This is the man who helped me. The boy who/whom we saw yesterday is Johns brother. He is the boy with whom i went there.2、whom引导的定语从句，whom在从句中作宾语，修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off)例如：The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li. =The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后 whom不能省略)小试牛刀：The babies are very healthy. The nurses are looking after them. The doctor is in the room. You are looking for the doctor. 【2011河北】The teachers came for a visit are foreigners. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which【2012甘肃】Jane is one of the students in the class have ever been to China. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom【2013湖南】Do you know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke三、 that、who与which的辨析使用情况例句用which不用that1、在引导非限制性定语从句时The tree,which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.2、在介词宾语时We depend on the land from which we get our food.只有 that1anything,nothing,theone,all,few,much,any,little等不定代词做先行词时Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.2、先行词有the only,the very修饰时This is the very man that I want to meet.3、先行词被序数词、数词、形容词最高级修饰时That is the most important thing that I want to know.4、先行词即有人，又有物时Do you know the things and the peoples(that) they are talking about?5、主句中有who或whom时Who is the man that is reading the newspaper?6、以Here is (are)开头的句子时。Here is a film that will move anyone.用who不用that1、先行词为those指人时Those who want to go there raise your hand.2、there be/ live结构中先行词指人时There once lived a king who was kind to his people.3、one,anyone,no,all,nobody,none等不定代词做先行词时Anyone who broke the window would be punished.We should learn from the one who benefits us.小试牛刀：用关系代词填空。1、Is there anything I can do for you?2、He answered few questions the teacher asked.3、That is the most interesting book I have ever read.4、The first thing I should do is to review my lessons.5、Thats the only thing I can do now.6、These are the very words he used.7、Who is the girl spoke to you just now?8、Which is the pen you lost ?9、The man and his dog I always meet are standing by the gate.10、The professor and his achievement I heard about are admired by them .完成句子。1、 这就是你们前天谈到的那个司机吗？ Is this the driver the day before yesterday？2、 我昨天买的钢笔在桌子上。 The pen is on the desk.3、 正在那边看书的那个人是谁？ Who is the man over there ?4、 杭州制造的丝绸很畅销。 The silk in Hangzhou sells well.5、 你认识教我们物理的张老师吗？ Do you know Mr. Zhang ？参考答案：小试牛刀：1、that2、that3、that4、that5、that6、that7、that8、that9、that10、that1. who whom that you talked about2. Which that I bought yesterday3. Who that is reading 4. Which that is produced made5. Whothat teaches us physics