暨南大学外国语学院《706外语（英）水平考试》历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2011年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2012年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2013年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2014年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2015年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2016年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2017年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2018年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解2011年暨南大学706外语（英）水平考试考研真题及详解Part Grammar and Vocabulary(30 points)Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences,there are fourchoices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes thesentence.Write your answer onto the ANSWER SHEET.1.According to one belief,if truth is to be known it will make itselfapparent,so one _ wait instead of searching for it.A.would ratherB.had toC.cannot butD.had bestD【答案】句意：根据一种信念，如果真理将会被人们知道的话，它总会自动现身，因此，人们最好是等待真理而不是去寻找真理。hadbest意思是“最好”，相当于had better，最为符合句意。would rather是“宁愿”。had to是“必须，不得不”。cannot but是“不得不，不禁”。故正确答案为D。【解析】2.So involved with their computers _ that leaders at summercomputer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.A.do the children becomeB.become the childrenC.had the children becomeD.became the childrenC【答案】句意：孩子们如此沉迷于电脑，以至于夏令营的电脑领导者常常不得不强迫他们停下来做运动和游戏。本题考查倒装句。在so/such.that结构中，若将so+adj./adv.或者such+名词置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。且根据时态，应当是过去完成时，故正确答案为C。【解析】3.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _ ananonymous,statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.A.everything exceptB.anything butC.nothing more thanD.no less thanC【答案】句意：作为个体的电视观众总是觉得他（或她）只不过是庞大的观众群体中微不足道的一分子罢了。因此，从整个句子来看，此空需要表达“仅仅，只不过”的意思，而在这四个选项中，只有nothingmore than有此意。everything except意为“除之外的所有物体”。anything but意为“绝对不”。no less than意为“不少于，简直是”。故正确【解析】答案为C。4.Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions,_they Christian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,and so on.A.beingB.beC.wereD.areB【答案】句意：“教堂”这个词指的是所有的宗教机构，包括基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教、犹太教等等。be they Christian让步状语从句，相当于no matter whether they are Christian，也可说whether they beChristian。故正确答案为B。【解析】5.The suspect at last admitted _ the stolen goods but he denied_ them.A.receiving.sellingB.to receive.sellingC.receiving.to sellD.to receive.to sellA【答案】句意：犯罪嫌疑人最终承认收到了被盗的货物，但却否认【解析】销赃。admit和deny通常后跟动名词，名词，或that引导的从句作宾语，所以本句中只有选项A正确。故正确答案为A。6._ on a clear day,far from the city crowds,the mountains givehim a sense of infinite peace.A.If walkingB.WalkingC.While walkingD.When one is walkingD【答案】句意：当一个人在晴朗的日子里散步，远离城市的人群时，群山给了他一种无限的安宁感。考查非谓语动词和状语从句。A、B、C三项均与主语“the mountains”不一致，故排除非谓语动词用法。D项为时间状语从句。故正确答案为D。【解析】7.Although _ Spanish,he attended the course.A.he was knowingB.he is knowingC.having a knowledge ofD.knowsC【答案】句意：虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程【解析】的学习。know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但“了解”讲时，前面可加a，常用于词组have a knowledge of中，故正确答案为C。8.It is only when you nearly lose someone _ fully conscious ofhow much you value him.A.do you becomeB.that you becomeC.then you becomeD.have you becomeB【答案】句意：只有当你差点失去了某个人，你才能充分认识到你是多么地在乎他。本题考查强调句。It is/was+强调部分+其余部分，这里强调的是时间状语only when you nearly lose someone，判断强调句的方法是把强调句结构去掉，这句话仍然成立。本句去掉强调结构这句话是成立的，故正确答案为B。【解析】9.Jean Wagners most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry is his insistence that it _ in a religious,as well asworldly,frame of reference.A.be analyzedB.has been analyzedC.is to be analyzedD.should have been analyzedA【答案】句意：瓦格纳对美非诗歌做出的流传最久的贡献就是他坚持从宗教和世俗的框架上分析它。本题考查虚拟语气。insistence相当于insist，表示“坚持做某事”，后面接should do，should可以省略。故正确答案为A。【解析】10.While driving along the treacherous road,_.A.my right rear tyre blew outB.my right rear tyre had a blowoutC.I had a blow-out on my right rear tyreD.I had my right rear tyre blowoutC【答案】句意：当我在险峻的山路上驾车急驰时，车的右后胎爆了。此句为一个带有时间状语从句的主从复合句。在英语中，由while，when等引导的时间状语从句，如果其主语与主句中的主语相同，从句中的主语可以省略，而只剩下分词短语。驾车的应该是人，且D的意义不符，故正确答案为C。【解析】11.After _ seemed an endless wait,it was her turn to step into thedoctors office.A.itB.thatC.whichD.whatD【答案】句意：度过了好像没有终止的等待之后，终于轮到她去医生的办公室。after接的是一个状语从句，如果选择that的话，从句将缺少主语；只有what可以在从句里面做主语，构成完整的从句。故正确答案为D。【解析】12.By the middle of the 21st century,the vast majority of the worldspopulation _ in cities rather than in the country.A.are livingB.will be livingC.have livedD.will have livedB【答案】句意：到21世纪中叶，大部分的人口都将生活在城里而不是在乡下。根据本句的时间状语by the middle of the 21st century说明是一个将来时。陈述的是在将来的这段时间里所发生的事情，所以使用将来进行时。故正确答案为B。【解析】13.Bit by bit,a child makes the necessary changes to make his language_.A.as other peopleB.as other peoplesC.like other peopleD.like other peoplesD【答案】句意：孩子一点一点地对自己的语言进行必要的改变，以便像别人一样说话。本题考查比较成分的一致性。本句中比较的人的语言，所以要用名词的所有格other peoples，其实它后面省略了language。再者like是介词，as表示“和一样”时，常作连词，故正确答案为D。【解析】14.Mr.Milton prefers to resign _ part in such dishonest businessdeals.A.than takeB.than to takeC.rather than takeD.rather than to takeC【答案】句意：米尔顿先生宁愿辞职也不愿参与这种不诚实的交易。本题考查prefer to do rather than do的结构，其含义是“宁愿也不”。故正确答案为C。【解析】15.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened,_ a sudden loud noise.A.should there beB.being thereC.there wasD.there have beenA【答案】句意：如果突然有巨大的噪音，这些动物有可能会被吓到。本题考查虚拟语气。本题是一个省略了if的虚拟语气句，并且是与将来相反，从句可以使用：should+动词原形；原句为：If there shouldbe a sudden loud noise,there is a real possibility that these animals could befrightened。故正确答案为A。【解析】16.Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe,it is just_and needs proving.A.spontaneousB.hypotheticalC.intuitiveD.empiricalB【答案】句意：管谁创立了关于宇宙渊源的学说，这都仅仅是个假设，需要被证明。spontaneous自发的；自然的。hypothetical假设的；假定的，强调需要经过证明、检验。intuitive天生的；本能的。empirical根据经验的；经验主义的。根据句意可知，hypothetical最为符合。故正确答案为B。【解析】17.As an industry,biotechnology stands to _ electronics in dollarvolume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.A.contendB.contestC.rivalD.striveC【答案】句意：作为一个产业，生物技术以美元的价格与电子产品竞争，并可能在2020年超过其在社会上的影响力。contend竞争；奋斗。contest竞争；争辩。rival竞争；比得上某人，后面经常接竞争对手。strive努力；奋斗。根据句意可知，rival最为符合。故正确答案为C。【解析】18.It was no _ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of therobbery.A.coincidenceB.conventionC.certaintyD.complicationA【答案】句意：抢劫发生的同时有人看到他的车停在银行附近，这并非巧合。that引导的从句说明了所填词的意思，两件有关联的事同时发生，根据常理，应该不是巧合。It is/was(no)coincidence that是固定句【解析】型，意为“（不）是巧合”，符合句意。故正确答案为A。19.Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining roomsmay result in _ and lack of unity in style.A.conflictB.confrontationC.disturbanceD.disharmonyD【答案】句意：在相邻的房间使用极为不同的装饰方案可能会导致风格上的不协调和缺乏统一。conflict指斗争；冲突。confrontation面对；对质。disturbance指骚动；打扰。disharmony不调和；不一致。根据句意可知，disharmony最为符合句意。故正确答案为D。【解析】20.However,growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.A.overturnB.overtakeC.offsetD.oppressC【答案】句意：然而，金属制品行业的增长能够抵消钢铁行业的一【解析】些衰退。overturn打翻；颠覆。overtake赶上；超过。offset抵消；弥补。oppress压迫；挤压。根据句意可知，offset最为符合。故正确答案为C。21.One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that allships _ follow traffic rules in busy harbors.A.cautiouslyB.dutifullyC.faithfullyD.skillfullyB【答案】句意：海岸警卫队的职责之一是确保所有船只在繁忙的港口尽职尽责地遵守交通规则。cautiously慎重地；谨慎地。dutifully忠实地；忠贞地。faithfully忠实地；如实地。skillfully巧妙地；精巧地。故正确答案为B。【解析】22.The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job ofdismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.A.compelledB.posedC.pressedD.temptedC【答案】句意：董事会主席向我提出了一项令人不快的工作，那就是解雇那些公司再也雇不起的好员工。compel迫使；强迫。pose形成；摆姿势。press压紧；紧逼。tempt诱惑；冒险。根据句意可知，press最为符合。故正确答案为C。【解析】23.The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list,and isextinct in two eastern states in which it once _.A.thrivedB.swelledC.prosperedD.flourishedA【答案】句意：响尾蛇现在已经被列入濒危物种名单，并且在曾经大量繁衍的东部两个州已经灭绝。thrive茁壮成长；繁荣。swell膨胀；增大。prosper繁荣；昌盛。flourish繁荣；茂盛。根据句意可知，thrive最为符合。故正确答案为A。【解析】24.Some day software will translate both written and spoken languageso well that the need for any common second language could _.A.descendB.declineC.deteriorateD.depressB【答案】句意：有朝一日，软件将把书面语言和口头语言都翻译得非常好，可能会因此对任何共同的第二语言的需求都下降。descend多指从高处到低处，位置上的下降；decline是抽象的减少，衰退，如数量、质量、价值上的下降。deteriorate恶化；变坏。depress压抑；沮丧。根据句意可知，decline最为符合。故正确答案为B。【解析】25.When Tasuma first came to the U.S.from Japan,he wasnt sure hecould _ into American culture,but after a few months,he felt at homehere.A.absorbB.transformC.digestD.assimilateD【答案】句意：当Tasuma第一次从日本来到美国时，他不相信自己能融入美国文化。可是过了几个月，他就感觉像在自己家似的。absorb吸收。transform转换；变化。digest消化；吸收。assimilate吸收；同化，常与to，into连用。故正确答案为D。【解析】26.Under this _ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.A.bulkyB.weightyC.intensiveD.intenseD【答案】句意：在这种强大的压力下，一些岩石甚至变成了液体。intensive加强的；集中的。weighty沉重的；笨重的。intense强烈的；剧烈的。bulky庞大的；粗壮的。根据句意可知，intense最为符合。故正确答案为D。【解析】27.The Brownings have not _ yet and I doubt whether they willcome.A turned inB.turned upC.turned outD.turned toB【答案】句意：勃朗宁一家人还没露面，我怀疑他们会不会来。turnup出现，露面。turn in归还，递交。turn out原来是；证明是。turn to求助于；求教于。根据句意可知，turn up最为符合。故正确答案为B。【解析】28.Tom _ his new job with confidence.A.set outB.set offC.set upD.set aboutD【答案】句意：汤姆满怀信心地着手干他的新工作。set out出发；开始。set off出发；引起。set up建立；装配。set about着手；开始做。根据句意可知，set about最为符合。故正确答案为D。【解析】29.I am sorry I have no time at present to _ more detail or give youan account of other cities of interest.A.go intoB.take intoC.come intoD.bring intoA【答案】句意：很抱歉，我现在没有时间详细地讲一讲，也没有时间向您介绍其他感兴趣的城市。go into意为“叙述；讨论”，能与句中的more detail搭配，为正确答案。bring很少与 into连用；take into一般用于take into account“重视，考虑”和take.into consideration“把考虑进去”；come into“继承，卷入，开始，进入”与题意不符。故正确答案为A。【解析】30.A well written composition _ good choice of words and clearorganization among other things.A.calls forB.calls onC.calls upD.calls offA【答案】句意：一篇好的作文需要用词正确，结构清晰。call for要求；需要。call on拜访；号召。call up打电话；召集。call off取消；叫走。根据句意可知，calls for最为符合。故正确答案为A。【解析】Part Proof-reading and Error Correction(20 points)Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed.The passagecontains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error.Ineach case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage andcorrect it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong and write the correct one in thebalk provided on the ANSWER SHEET.For a missing word,mark the position of the missing word with a“”sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided onthe ANSWER SHEET.For an unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word with a slash“/”and put the word in the blank provided on the ANSWER SHEET.【答案与解析】1.crediblecredibly（此处应当用副词credibly修饰动词represent，表示“可信地；可靠地”。）2.spendingspend（此处应当改为名词形式spend，做reduce的宾语，表示“减少的支出”。）3.startawith（start with为固定表达，表示“以为开始”，后接名词。）4.effectaffect（effect做动词表示“产生；达到目的”，不符合句意，应当改为动词affect，表示“影响”。）5.wayways（in some ways在某些方面。in some way某种程度上。根据原意，这些变化将在很多方面影响到诸多集团的利益，故way改成ways。）6.nowwouldwe（by establishing a comprehensive plan now做句子的状语，would前面缺少主语，结合上下文添加we。）7.willwould（结合句首时态可知，will应改为would。）8.guaranteeguarantees（观察原文，此句主语为confidence，所以谓语动词应为单数，故guarantee为guarantees。）9.foroff（head off为固定表达，意为“阻拦，防止”。根据句意，采取行动规避风险，故for改为off。）10.safetysecurity（economic security为固定表达，意为“经济安全”。）Part Reading Comprehension(20points)Directions:In this part of the test there are five reading passagesfollowed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions.Read the passages andthen write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Text 1During the past generation,the American middle-class family that oncecould count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure hasbeen transformed by economic risk and new realities.Now a pink slip,a baddiagnosis,or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middleclass to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation,millions of mothers have gone to work,transforming basic family economics.Scholars,policymakers,and critics ofall stripes have debated the social implications of these changes,but few havelooked at the side effect;family risk has risen as well.Todays families havebudgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status.As a result,theyhave lost the parachute they once had in limes of financial setbacka back-up earner(usually Mom)who could go into the workforce if the primaryearner got laid off or fell sick.This“added-worker effect”could support thesafety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to helpfamilies weather bad times.But today,a disruption to family fortunes can nolonger be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-homepartner.During the same period,families have been asked to absorb much morerisk in their retirement income.Steelworkers,airline employees,and nowthose in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worryabout interest rates,stock market fluctuation,and the harsh reality that theymay outlive their retirement money.For much of the past year,PresidentBush campaigned to move Social Security to a savings-account model,withretirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for paymentsdepending on investment returns.For younger families,the picture is not anybetter.Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne byfamilies have risenand newly fashionable health-savings plans arespreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers,with much higherdeductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families futurehealthcare.Even demographics are working against the middle class family,as the odds of having a weak elderly parentand all the attendant need forphysical and financial assistancehave jumped eightfold in just onegeneration.From the middle-class family perspective,much of this,understandably,looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility,and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift offinancial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.The financial fallouthas begun,and the political fallout may not be far behind.1.Todays double-income families are at greater financial risk in that_.A.the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.B.their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.C.they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics.D.they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance.2.As a result of President Bushs reform,retired people may have_.A.a higher sense of security.B.less secured paymentsC.less chance to invest.D.a guaranteed future.3.According to the author,health-savings plans will _.A.help reduce the cost of healthcare.B.popularize among the middle class.C.compensate for the reduced pensions.D.increase the families investment risk.4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.A.financial risks tend to outweigh political risks.B.the middle class may face greater political challenges.C.financial problems may bring about political problems.D.financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.【答案与解析】1.C 根据文章第一段的内容，现在，一份解雇通知书，一份糟糕的诊断，或者一个正在消失的配偶，都可以在几个月内将一个家庭从一个稳定的中产阶级减少到一个新的贫困家庭。所以可以推测，他们很容易受到家庭经济变化的影响。故正确答案为C。2.B 由第三段第三句话可知，所有担保支付额由投资的回报率决定，这样担保的支付额是变得的，与选项B担保支付额变少是一个意思，而且guaranteed payments与secured payments同一个意思，都可翻译成担保支付额。故正确答案为B。3.D 通过文章第三段倒数第二句话可知，医疗保险的绝对成本和家庭负担的比例都有所上升，新流行的医疗储蓄计划正从立法院扩展到沃尔玛的员工，家庭未来的医疗保险将面临更高的免赔额和更大的投资风险。故正确答案为D。4.C 读全文最后一段可知，本段的主题句是“The financial fallouthas begun,and the political fallout may not be far behind.”可见，金融问题已经产生，而政治问题可能不久也会出现。换句话说就是：金融问题可能会带来政治问题。故正确答案为C。Text 2Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an informationtechnology.An organisms physiology and behavior are dictated largely byits genes.And those genes contain information written in code that issurprisingly similar to the digital code that computer scientists have devisedfor