1、暖通空调设计暖通空调设计目 录第一章 建筑概况及原始资料-2 1.1 建筑概况及地理位置-2 1.2 大气参数-2 1.3 室内设计参数-3第二章 建筑物维护结构信息-4 2.1 建筑物墙体- 4 2.2 建筑物窗体及遮阳设施- 4 2.3 空调设计中的参数- 5第三章 负荷计算以及数据汇总-5 3.1 冷负荷- 6 3.2 热负荷-20第四章风盘的选择以及各房间的风盘确定-32 4.1 风盘的选择原则-32 4.2房间风盘的确定-32第五章全空气系统的负荷计算及设备布置-33 5.1大厅负荷计算- 33 5.2散流器、风柜机的选择-38 5.3风管的水力计算-40 5.4大厅风机盘管的选型-
2、42参考文献-43第一章 建筑概况及原始资料1.1.1建筑概况 本建筑为tangshan市一幢餐厅、宴会厅和宾馆宾于一体的洗浴中心。该建筑共5层;一层有餐厅、厨房、宴会厅、卫生间、休息室等;二层、三层有餐厅包间、厕所等;四层、五层有客房等。层高:一层6.9米,二到五层3.3米。1.1.2地理位置北京市:东经:11828 北纬:3948海拔:31.2m 年平均温度:11.41.2.1大气参数夏季资料大气压(hPa): 998.6室外日平均温度(): 28.6室外计算日较差(): 8.80室外干球温度(): 33.2室外湿球温度(): 26.4通风计算温度(): 30室外平均风速(m/s): 1.
3、9室外相对湿度(): 78冬季资料大气压(hPa): 1020.4采暖计算温度(): -9空调计算温度(): -12最低计算日平均温度(): -15.9通风计算温度(): -5室外相对湿度(): 50室外平均风速(m/s): 2.81.2.2室内设计参数 表 2.1 空调房间室内设计参数房间使用性质夏季冬季干球温度()相对湿度(%)气流速度(m/s)干球温度()相对湿度(%)气流速度(m/s办公室26650.3180.2会议室26650.3180.2餐厅26650.320厨房26650.312客房26650.31840楼道走廊26第二章 建筑维护结构信息2.1建筑物墙体1 屋面类型: 自上而下
4、:预制细石混凝板25mm,表面喷白色水泥浆;通风层200mm,卷材防水层(5mm),水泥砂浆找平层;保温层沥青膨胀珍珠岩125mm,隔气层(5mm),现浇钢筋混凝土板70mm,内粉刷。属于型,K=0.48 W/(K) 2.外墙:水泥砂浆,砖墙,=240mm,K=1.97W/(K)。 2.2 建筑物窗体及维护结构 1 外窗:双层窗,3mm厚普通玻璃;金属窗框,Cs=0.86,K=3.01 W/( K).无外遮阳设施,有内遮阳设施窗长2000mm,高为2500mm。 2 朝向修正率 北朝向: 0%; 东、西朝向: 5%; 南向: 15%;2.3 空调设计中的参数 2.3.1 二层房间负荷计算 1.
5、所有包房内的人数为12,在客房内总小时数18(6:00-24:00) 2.室内压力稍高于室外压力,所以无冷风渗透量 3.室内照明:荧光灯明装,200W,开灯时间18小时(16:00-24:00) 4.空调运行时间24小时。 5.双层钢窗的有效面积系数Ca=0.75,故窗的有效面积Aw,5*0.75=3.75, 由附录2-13查得遮挡系数Cs=0.86,由附录2-14查得遮阳系数Ci=0.5,于是综合遮挡系数Cc.s=0.86*0.5=0.43。 2.3.2 再由附录2-12查得纬度40=114 1.餐厅属于极轻劳动查表2-13,当室温为26度时,人员散热量 为60.5W,和73.3W,由表2-
6、12查得群居系数为0.93,查附录2-23 人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐时值,计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷。 2.由于明装荧光灯,镇流器装在房间内,故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.2,灯罩隔热n2取1.0。 3.房间食物散热量形成的冷负荷按每位就餐人员9W考虑。 4.由于室内压力高于大气压力,所以不考虑由室外空气渗透所引起的冷负荷,无新风负荷。 2.3.2冬季维护结构的基本耗热量 1.四层房间的冷负荷计算:设备引起的冷负荷根据经验公式CL=n*Q,Q表示设备冷负荷:取电脑320W,电视200W,不考虑食物引起的冷负荷。因为房间冷负荷主要取决于窗的透射,人员散热,和设备的负荷,因此可将四五层看做一样,五
7、层再加上屋顶冷负荷。第三章 负荷计算及数据汇总3.1冷负荷计算1.夏季冷负荷系数法按逐时负荷计算由式(2-5)1: (3.1) =(+) (3.2) 式中:外墙和屋顶传热系数,W/(m2K); 外墙和屋顶计算面积,;外墙或屋顶瞬变传热形成的逐时冷负荷(W);外墙和屋顶冷负荷计算温度逐时值();可在附录2-4和附录2-5中查出夏季空气调节室内计算温度();不同类型构造外墙和屋顶的地点修正值(),根据不同的设计地点在附录2-61中查取;外表面放热系数修正值,在表(2-8)1中查取;外表面吸收系数修正值,在表(2-9)1中查取,考虑到城市大气污染和中浅颜色的耐久性差,建议吸收系数一律采用=0.90,
8、即=1.0;2.冬季公式(2-31)1计算: (3.3) 式中:围护结构热负荷W;温差修正系数,查表(2-69)6;围护结构传热面积,;围护结构冬季传热系数,W/(m2K);冬季室内设计温度,; 冬季空调室外计算干球温度,;建筑房间高度大于4m时,每增加1m,附加率为2%,但总附加率不大于15%;本建筑出一层外不考虑风力附加;3.外玻璃窗瞬变传热引起的冷负荷用(3-10)1计算: (3.4) (3.5)式中:玻璃窗瞬变传热引起的冷负荷,W; 室内计算温度,; 外玻璃窗传热系数,W/(m2K),单层窗可查附录2-71,双层窗可查附录2-81,要根据不同的窗框加以修正 窗口面积,; 玻璃窗的传热系
9、数修正值,W;玻璃窗的地点修正值,查附录2-111;4.透过玻璃窗的日射得热形成的逐时冷负荷用式(2-14)1计算: (3.6)式中:日射得热因数,由附录2-121查得; 窗玻璃的遮阳系数,由附录2-131查得;窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数,由附录2-141查得;窗玻璃冷负荷系数,量纲一的量,由附录2-161至附录2-191查得;5.照明设备冷负荷用公式(3-22)1计算荧光灯 (3.6)式中:荧光灯照明设备散热形成的冷负荷W;照明设备所需功率kW;镇流器消耗功率系数,当明装荧光灯的镇流器装在空调房间内时,取1.2;当明装荧光灯整流器装设在顶棚内时,可取1.0;灯罩隔热系数,可取1.0照明散热冷负荷
10、系数,可由附录2-221查得;6.人体显热散热引起的冷负荷用(2-22)1计算: 式中:人 体显热散热形成的冷负荷W;室内全部人数;群集系数,见表2-121;不同室温和劳动性质成年男子显热散热量W,查表2-131;人体显热散热冷负荷系数,由附录2-231中查得;对于人员密集的场所,由于人体对围护结构和室内物品的辐射换热量相应减少,取1.0;人体散湿形成的潜热冷负荷用(2-23)计算 式中:人体散湿形成的潜热冷负荷,W;计算时刻空调区内的总人数;一名成年男小时潜热散热量W,查表2-131;7.食物显热冷负荷可按每位客人9W考虑; 不考虑湿负荷和新风负荷。二层 餐厅包间201冷负荷(1)夏季工20
11、1冷负荷计算见表:明星洗浴中心的冷负荷2层201包间西外墙的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00tc(T)36.335.935.535.234.934.834.834.935.335.836.537.33838.5td0ka1kp0.94tc(T)34.12234.12233.3733.08832.80632.71232.71232.80633.18233.65234.3135.06235.7236.19tR26t8.1228.1227.377.0886.8066.7126.7126
12、.8067.1827.6528.319.0629.7210.19K1.27A22.77Qc(T)234.8711838234.8711838213.124923204.9700752196.8152274194.0969448194.0969448196.8152274207.6883578221.2797708240.307749262.0540098281.081988294.6734012层201包间北外墙的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00tc(T)3131.431.331
13、.231.231.331.431.631.832.132.432.632.933.1td0ka0.98kp0.94tc(T)28.557228.9256828.8335628.7414428.7414428.8335628.9256829.1099229.2941629.5705229.8468830.0311230.3074830.49172tR26t2.55722.925682.833562.741442.741442.833562.925683.109923.294163.570523.846884.031124.307484.49172K1.27A6.88Qc(T)22.3437907
14、225.56342156823.95360614423.95360614423.95360614424.75851385625.56342156827.17323699228.78305241631.19777555233.61249868835.22231411237.63703724839.2468526722层201包间北外窗的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00tc(T)29.930.831.531.932.232.23231.630.829.929.128.427.827.
15、2td029.930.831.531.932.232.23231.630.829.929.128.427.827.2tR26t3.94.85.55.96.26.265.64.83.93.12.41.81.2Kw3.612Aw5Qc(T)70.43486.68899.33106.554111.972111.972108.36101.13686.68870.43455.98643.34432.50821.672透过玻璃窗日舍得热引起的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00CLQ0.810.
16、830.830.790.710.60.610.680.170.160.150.140.130.12Dj.max114Cca0.43Aw3.75Qc(T)148.89825152.57475152.57475145.22175130.51575110.295112.13325125.00131.2502529.41227.5737525.735523.8972522.059人员散热引起的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00CLQ0.490.590.660.710.270.210.160
17、.140.60.670.740.780.330.27qn60.5n120.93Qc(T)330.8382398.3562445.6188479.3778182.2986141.7878108.028894.5252405.108452.3706499.6332526.6404222.8094182.2986qt73.3Qc818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028合计1148.86621216.38421263.64681297.405810
18、00.3266959.8158926.0568912.55321223.1361270.39861317.66121344.66841040.83741000.3266客房照明散热形成的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00CLQ0.10.090.080.370.670.710.740.760.790.810.830.840.290.26n11.2n21N200Qc(T)2421.619.288.8160.8170.4177.6182.4189.6194.4199.2201.669.6
19、62.4各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00西外墙负荷234.8711838234.8711838213.124923204.9700752196.8152274194.0969448194.0969448196.8152274207.6883578221.2797708240.307749262.0540098281.081988294.673401北外墙负荷148.89825152.57475152.57475145.22175130.51575110.29511
20、2.13325125.00131.2502529.41227.5737525.735523.8972522.059北外窗负荷70.43486.68899.33106.554111.972111.972108.36101.13686.68870.43455.98643.34432.50821.672窗日射负荷148.89825152.57475152.57475145.22175130.51575110.295112.13325125.00131.2502529.41227.5737525.735523.8972522.059人员负荷1148.86621216.38421263.64681297
21、.40581000.3266959.8158926.0568912.55321223.1361270.39861317.66121344.66841040.83741000.3266灯光负荷2421.619.288.8160.8170.4177.6182.4189.6194.4199.2201.669.662.4总计1775.96788381864.69288381900.4512231988.17337521730.94532741656.87474481630.38024481642.90642741769.61285781815.33637081868.3024491903.137409
22、81471.8218881423.190001由表可得出西餐厅201最大冷负荷出现在14:00,其最大冷负荷值为1988.17W,不考虑新风负荷(2)冬季工况二层冬季热负荷 201房间房间维护结构名称传热系数面积室内温度室外温度温差温差修正系数朝向附加%热负荷201北外窗(W)1.4518-1230 102101 北外墙(W)1.2711.8818-1230 10452.628西外墙(W)1.2716.3418-1230 1-0.05592.4255合计(W)1254.1 二、三层房间功能基本相同,上述是201房间冷负荷、热负荷计算方法,其他房间算法参照上例。以下是二、三层各个房间冷负荷、热负
23、荷总会表 二层各房间冷负荷和热负荷总会表(1)房间号冷负荷热负荷风盘数量201餐厅包房19881254.1FP-501202餐厅包房30554083.834FP-1001204餐厅包房1661682.44FP-35205餐厅包房19371325.256FP-50206餐厅包房21531947.62FP-50207餐厅包房 2198.31485.83FP-50208、209餐厅包房21521126.8FP-35210餐厅包房2278.81869FP-501楼道862.49466.2301餐厅包房19881254.1FP-501302餐厅包房28554083.8FP-1001305餐厅包房1661
24、682.44FP-35306餐厅包房19381325.3FP-50307餐厅包房21541947.6FP-50308餐厅包房 22711485.8FP-50309、311餐厅包房24431126.47FP-35310餐厅包房21291341.47FP-50312餐厅包房22791485.83FP-50楼道862.491684四、 五层客房的冷负荷计算明星洗浴中心的冷负荷4层401客房西外墙的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00tc(T)36.335.935.535.234.934.8
25、34.834.935.335.836.537.33838.5td0ka1kp0.94tc(T)34.12234.12233.3733.08832.80632.71232.71232.80633.18233.65234.3135.06235.7236.19tR26t8.1228.1227.377.0886.8066.7126.7126.8067.1827.6528.319.0629.7210.19K1.27A22.77Qc(T)234.8711838234.8711838213.124923204.9700752196.8152274194.0969448194.0969448196.81522
26、74207.6883578221.2797708240.307749262.0540098281.081988294.6734014层401客房北外墙的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00tc(T)3131.431.331.231.231.331.431.631.832.132.432.632.933.1td0ka0.98kp0.94tc(T)28.557228.9256828.8335628.7414428.7414428.8335628.9256829.1099229.29416
27、29.5705229.8468830.0311230.3074830.49172tR26t2.55722.925682.833562.741442.741442.833562.925683.109923.294163.570523.846884.031124.307484.49172K1.27A6.88Qc(T)22.3437907225.56342156823.95360614423.95360614423.95360614424.75851385625.56342156827.17323699228.78305241631.19777555233.61249868835.222314112
28、37.63703724839.2468526724层401客房北外窗的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00tc(T)29.930.831.531.932.232.23231.630.829.929.128.427.827.2td029.930.831.531.932.232.23231.630.829.929.128.427.827.2tR26t3.94.85.55.96.26.265.64.83.93.12.41.81.2Kw3.612Aw5Qc(T)70.43486.68899.
29、33106.554111.972111.972108.36101.13686.68870.43455.98643.34432.50821.672透过玻璃窗日舍得热引起的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00CLQ0.810.830.830.790.710.60.610.680.170.160.150.140.130.12Dj.max114Cca0.43Aw3.75Qc(T)148.89825152.57475152.57475145.22175130.51575110.295112.1
30、3325125.00131.2502529.41227.5737525.735523.8972522.059人员散热引起的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00CLQ0.490.590.660.710.270.210.160.140.60.670.740.780.330.27qn60.5n120.93Qc(T)330.8382398.3562445.6188479.3778182.2986141.7878108.028894.5252405.108452.3706499.6332526
31、.6404222.8094182.2986qt73.3Qc818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028818.028合计1148.86621216.38421263.64681297.40581000.3266959.8158926.0568912.55321223.1361270.39861317.66121344.66841040.83741000.3266客房照明散热形成的冷负荷时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:00
32、18:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00CLQ0.10.090.080.370.670.710.740.760.790.810.830.840.290.26n11.2n21N200Qc(T)2421.619.288.8160.8170.4177.6182.4189.6194.4199.2201.669.662.4各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间11:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:000:00西外墙负荷234.8711838234.8711838213.124923204.970075
33、2196.8152274194.0969448194.0969448196.8152274207.6883578221.2797708240.307749262.0540098281.081988294.673401北外墙负荷148.89825152.57475152.57475145.22175130.51575110.295112.13325125.00131.2502529.41227.5737525.735523.8972522.059北外窗负荷70.43486.68899.33106.554111.972111.972108.36101.13686.68870.43455.98643
34、.34432.50821.672窗日射负荷148.89825152.57475152.57475145.22175130.51575110.295112.13325125.00131.2502529.41227.5737525.735523.8972522.059人员负荷1148.86621216.38421263.64681297.40581000.3266959.8158926.0568912.55321223.1361270.39861317.66121344.66841040.83741000.3266灯光负荷2421.619.288.8160.8170.4177.6182.4189.6194.4199.2201.669.662.4总计1775.96788381864.69288381900.4512231988.17337521730.94532741656.87474481630.38024481642.90642741769.6128578181