裕兴新概念.doc

Lesson 14 Do you speak English? 你会说英语吗?
一、单词讲解
【New words and expressions】生词和短语（7）
amusing adj. 好笑的，有趣的
experience n. 经历
wave v. 招手
lift n. 搭便车
reply v. 回答
language n. 语言
journey n. 旅行
amusing adj. enjoyable, causing laughter or smiles 好笑的，有趣的
amuse [ə'mju:z] v. 娱乐; 消遣; 使发笑; 使愉快 make sb laugh or smile 使人发笑或微笑
eg. Everyone was amused at the cute boy.
大家都被这个可爱的孩子逗乐了。
or: Everyone was amused by the cute boy.
eg. The amusing story amused the children.
这个好笑的故事把孩子们都逗乐了。
be amused at/by 因…感到好笑
be amused to do sth 做…取乐
amusement n. 娱乐，消遣 [U]
eg. She looked at me in amusement.
她饶有趣味地看着我。
experience [iks'piəriəns]
1) n. 经历，阅历 [C]
an amusing experience 一次好笑的经历
an unpleasant experience 一次不愉快的经历
an unusual experience 一次不同寻常的经历
eg. He had many amusing experiences while traveling in France.
    当他在法国旅行时，有过许多有趣的经历。
eg. You must try some of her home-made wine. It's quite an experience.
    你一定要尝尝她家自酿的酒，那真是一饱口福啊。
2) n. 经验, 体验 [U]
eg. He hasn't had enough work experience.
他没有足够的工作经验。
eg. I know from experience that he will arrive late.
我从经验得出，他一定会迟到的。
3) v. 经历，感受
eg. Experience happiness and bitterness together.
同甘共苦。
    Go through thick and thin together.
（口）同甘共苦
experienced [ɪk'spɪəri:ənst] adj. 有经验的, 老练的, 经验丰富的
an experienced nurse 一个有经验的护士
inexperienced [ınık'spıərıənst] adj.无经验的,不熟练的
eg. He is inexperienced in looking after children.
他照看孩子没有经验。
wave
1) v. 指固定物体上下或往复摆动或摇动
a flag waving in the breeze 在微风中飘扬的一面旗子
2) vi. 挥手，招手
wave to sb/wave at sb 朝某人挥手
3) vt. 挥动
wave a hand 挥手
wave a flag 挥舞一面旗子
wave an umbrella 挥舞一把雨伞
wave sb goodbye/wave goodbye to sb 同某人挥手道别
4) n. 波浪,挥手
lift
1) vt. 举起，抬起
eg. The box is too heavy; I can't lift it.
这只箱子太沉，我抬不动。
lift one's hat 举起帽子（打招呼时的动作）
2) vi. （雾，云）消散，（雨，雪）停止
eg. The fog has lifted.
雾已经散了。
3) n. 电梯 elevator ['eliveitə] (Am)
4) n. 搭便车
eg. I'll give you a lift to work.
我会捎你去上班。
ask for a lift 要求搭车
hitch a lift 搭车 hitch [hitʃ]
5) n. （心情的）高涨，飞扬
eg. The victory gave our spirits a lift.
那场胜利使我们精神为之一振。
6) liftboy 电梯服务员 / elevator operator (Am)
reply vi. 回答，答复
eg. She has replied to my letter.
她已经回我信了。
reply to a question 回答一个问题
answer
1) vt. （用语言，行为的）回答，答复
eg. Did you answer her letter?
你回复她的信了吗？
eg. I answered his insult with a blow.
我对他的侮辱报之一拳。
2) vt. 应接，应答
answer the door 去开门
answer the telephone 接电话
3) answer back/ talk back 顶嘴
4) answer for 代表，对某事负责
eg. It will answer for our purpose.
那代表我们的目的。
respond vi.
1) 回答，应答
eg. She didn't respond to my question.
她没有回答我的问题。
eg. She didn't respond to my letter.
她没有给我回信。
2) 对…做出回答或反应
eg. He responded to the insult with a punch.
他对侮辱的反应是重重的一拳。
language
1) n. 语言
speak a language 讲一门语言
spoken language 口语
written language 书面语言
language teaching 语言教学
a foreign language 外语
the second foreign language 第二外语
one's native language 母语
2) n. 文字等以外的传达信号，人造语言
body language 肢体语言
sign language 手势语
journey n. 旅行，通常指长途陆路直接到达的旅行
a long train journey 长途火车旅行
go on one's last journey 去世
trip n. （美）包括乘短途交通工具以及徒步远足的所有旅行。
        （英）通常指短途的观光旅行
a bus trip 汽车旅行
a business trip 商务旅行
take a trip 去旅行
voyage n. 航海航行，乘船旅游
eg. Go on a voyage around the world.
or: Make a voyage around the world.
or: Take a voyage around the world.
做环游世界的旅行
eg. He is the now on the voyage home.
他正在回航途中。
trip v. 绊倒
eg. She tripped over the carpet and fell.
她在地毯上绊倒了。
二、关键句型 Key Structures
过去完成时：
过去完成时由had+过去分词构成，主要表示过去某时前或某动作发生之前已经发生的动作或情况，即过去的过去。
1) 在很多情况下没有明显的时间状语，时间由上下文表示出来，这时过去完成
时表示的动作在另一过去的动作之前发生，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时。
eg. They fulfilled the plan earlier than they had expected.
他们比所预料的时间提早完成计划.
eg. With their help, I realized that I had been wrong.
在他们的帮助下,我才意识到我错了.
2) 在包含when, as soon as, after, until, before等连词的复合句中，如果主句
句谓语和从句谓语表示的过去动作是在有不同时间发生的，那么先发生的动作通常用过去完成时。
eg. When I woke up it had already stopped raining.
当我醒来时雨已经停了.
eg. I hadn’t had any food before I came here.
我来这里前,没有吃了任何东西.
eg. She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work.
直到完成工作后她才去睡觉.
eg. As soon as the sun had set we returned to our hotel.
太阳一落山,我们就回到旅馆.
eg. The children ran away after they had broken the window.
孩子们打破玻璃后跑了.
Exercise A:
1. She wrote the letter. She went to post office.(After)
After she had witten the letter, she went to the post office.
2. He had dinner.He went to the cinema. (After)
After he had had dinner , he went to the cinema.
3. I fastened my seat belt. The plane took off. (when)
When I had fastened my seat belt, the plane took off.
Fasten your seat belt, I have something terrible to tell you.
4. We did not disturb him . He finished work .(until)
We did not disturb him until he had finished work .
Exercise B: 用正确的时态填空：
1. The moment he had said this ,he regretted it . (regret)
他一说完这话,就后悔了.
2. It had begun to rain before she took a taxi . (behin)
她打车之前已经下雨了.
三、课文讲解
【Text】
I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into
the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, "Do you speak English?' As I soon learnt, he was English himself!'
去年我有过一次有趣的经历. 在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后, 我继续驶往下一个城镇. 途中, 一个青年人向我招手. 我把车停下, 他向我提出要求搭车. 他一上车, 我就用法语向他问早上好, 他也同样用法语回答我. 除了个别几个单词外, 我根本不会法语. 旅途中我们谁也没讲话. 就要到达那个镇时, 那青年突然开了口, 慢慢地说道: “你会讲英语吗?”我很快了解到, 他自己就是个英国人!
1. I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on the next town.
去年我有过一次有趣的经历. 在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后, 我继续驶往下一个城镇.
leave
1) v. 离开
leave England for a tour of the world 离开英国去做一次环球旅行
leave for England 离开去英国
leave Shanghai 离开上海
leave for Shanghai 离开去上海
2) v. 辞去，退学
eg. He left his job for a better one.
他辞去工作目的是为了找个更好的。
eg. The boy left school. (Am)
这孩子退学了。
3) take French leave 不辞而别；擅自离开
excuse/pardon my French 原谅我说粗话(或冒犯的话)
leave it at that (语言行为等)就到此为止,别再说什么
south
south-南/ north-北/east-东/west-西
1) n. 南部，南
in the south of 在…南部（范围之内）
on the south of 在…以南（范围之外，接壤，相邻）
to the south of … 以南（隔海相望）
2) adj. 南面的
the south gate of a school 学校的南大门
3) adv. 向南地
eg. Those windows face south.
那些窗户朝南。
eg. Those windows face east.
那些窗户朝东。
eg. Those windows face west.
那些窗户朝西。
France
1) France [fræns] n. 法兰西,法国
2) French [frentʃ] adj. 法国的;法国人的;法语的 n.法语
Frenchman/Frenchwoman 法国人
in French 用法语
3) Franc [fræŋk] n. (法国、瑞士、比利时等国的货币单位)法郎
4) French chalk 滑石粉
take French leave 不辞而别
French doors 落地玻璃门
French windows (Am) 落地窗
French fries 炸薯条
chips 炸薯片
drive---drove---driven
on 有继续地，不停顿地
eg. Go on please.
请继续。
eg. Walk on.
继续走。
2. On the way, a young man waved to me.
途中, 一个青年人向我招手.
on the way 在路上
in the way 拦路或用这种方式
on the way to 在去某地的路上
by the way 顺便说，顺便提
in a way=in some way 在某种意义上
in this way 用这种方式
in that way 用那种方式
get one's own way 随心所欲
3. I stopped and he asked me for a lift.
我把车停下, 他向我提出要求搭车.
ask sb for sth 向…要求…
eg. He asked his mother for a kiss.
他要妈妈吻他。
eg. He asked me for a lift.
他向我要求搭车。
ask 问
eg. He asked me a question after the lesson.
课后他问了我一个问题。
4. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.
他一上车, 我就用法语向他问早上好, 他也同样用法语回答我.
get on 上车
get off 下车
get into 上车（强调进入车里）
get out of 下车（强调从车里出去）
say sth to sb 对…说…
say good morning to sb 对…道早安
say hello to sb 向…打招呼
in French 用法语
in Chinese 用汉语
in English 用英语
in Japanese 用日语
in Spanish 用西班牙语
in German 用德语( Germany 德国)
5. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
除了个别几个单词外, 我根本不会法语.
apart from 除了
except prep. 除了
except for 除了…以外
except sth/except doing sth. 除了某事/除了做某事外
except that 除了…..
besides 除…之外，（而且，还有）
except for 置于句首,表示除去微不足道的瑕疵的东西,不影响大局的
except/except for 皆表示从总体中除掉、去掉的含义。
but "除了"常用于 nobody, none, nowhere, who, all, everyone, anyone等不定代词之后。
apart from 一种表示"除掉"相当于 except for；另外一种表示"除了，也"相当于besides。
eg. Apart from / Except for his nose, he is quite good-looking.
除了鼻子之外,他很好看.
eg. I'm a good girl except for my inexperience.
除了缺乏经验外,我是一个好姑娘.
eg. Your composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
除了一些拼写错误外,你的作文不错.
eg. Besides / Apart from his right arm, he broke his two legs, too.
除了他的右胳膊外,他的两条腿也断了.
eg. I invited everyone to my party except / but John.
    除没邀请约翰外，我邀请了大家来参加我的宴会。
eg. I invited everyone to my party besides John.
    除约翰外，我还邀请了每个人来参加我的宴会。
eg. Except for / But 5 pence, I have nothing about me.
除掉5分钱之外，我什么都没有。
eg. I haven't told anybody but you.
除了你我没有告诉任何人.
eg. Who but a fool would do such a thing?
除了傻子之外谁会这样做.
eg. You'll have nobody but yourself to blame.
除了你自己外，没有人该受你责备。
6. Neither of us spoke during the journey.
旅途中我们谁也没讲话.
not at all 根本不
eg. Thank you so much.
    Not at all. (You are welcome.)
eg. I'm terribly sorry.
    Not at all. ( Forget it.)
eg. I don't know any French at all./ I know no French at all.
eg. I don't like him at all.
neither 都不，用于两个人或两件事
which of 哪一个
eg. Which of the two do you want?
两个中你想要哪一个.
either of 两者之一
eg. Either of them will do.
两个中任一个都行。
neither of 两者都不
eg. I like neither of them.
两个我都不喜欢。
both of 两者都
eg. I bought both of them.
我两个都买了.
7. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, 'Do you speak English?'
就要到达那个镇时, 那青年突然开了口, 慢慢地说道: “你会讲英语吗?”
reach 到达
get to 到达
arrive in + 大地方 到达
arrive at + 小地方 到达
come to 到达
8. As I soon learnt, he was English himself!
我很快了解到, 他自己就是个英国人!
as 正像，正如 (引导非限定性定语从句)
难点 Special Difficulties
ask 问
ask for sth 要求某样东西
eg. After the lesson, he asked me a question.
课后，他问了我一个问题。
eg. He asked for an apple.
他要一个苹果。
except 除了…之外
except for 除了…之外
but 除了…之外
apart from 除了…之外/除了..之外,还
besides 除了…之外,还
which of 哪一个
either of 两个中任何一个
neither of 两个都不
both of 两个
Exercises:
1. Except for a slight headache, I feel all right now. 
(Except / Except for)
2. I like them very much so I bought both of them.
(neither of / both of)
3. Apart from being a bit too long, the play was very good.
(Except / Apart from)
4. I asked a question. I did not ask for an answer.  
(asked / asked for)
5. He could not answer either of the questions I asked.
  (neither of / either of, asked / asked for)
四、练习 Exercises
1. I speak a few words of French. I don't know _B French.
A. many B. much C. plenty of D. a little
分析：
French 不可数, 不能用many
plenty of 足够多的；not…plenty of 不够多
not much = a little 一些
not a little = much 很多
A. 许多； C. 充足的 都不能用来修饰某种语言
B和D 都可以用来修饰某种语言 但a little 不能用在否定句中，不可以说
I don’t know a little French.
2. The young man waved to the writer. He_C_him.
A．saluted B. greeted C. signaled to D. nodded
分析：
A． 向…致敬，向…敬礼；
B． 问候，向…打招呼
C. 用手势等动作向…示意
D. 点头，表示同意或打招呼
3. He replied in French. He B the writer in French.
A. responded B. answered C. returned D. remarked
分析： responded和replied用法一样，replied后面加宾语一定要加to， answer可以直接加宾语
A. 回答，答复，作及物动词时后面要用that引导的宾语从句，如果表示对人或某种建议作出答复，则要用to;
B. 回答
C. 回到，返回
D. 评论，议论，注意到
4. His tales, together with his comical actions _B_us tremendously.
A. shocked B. amused C. offended D. disturbed
分析：
A. 使震惊，使震动，使休克
B. 使发笑，使愉快
C. 得罪，使不愉快
D. 打乱，打搅，扰乱
五、复习Review
1. 过去完成时：had+过去分词(p.p.)
eg. After he had finished work he went home.
他完成工作后就回家了.
eg. As soon as the sun had set we returned to our hotel.
太阳一落山我们就回旅馆了.
eg. When he had finished lunch he asked for a glass of water.
吃完午饭后他要了一杯水.
eg. I had not understood the problem until he explained it.
直到他解释我才明白这个问题.
2. 要点Main points
be amused at 表示对…感到好笑
be amused by 表示对…感到好笑
be amused to do sth 做某事来取乐
an amusing experience 一次有趣的经历
experience 表示经历，阅历，做动词表示经历某事。
experienced 有经验的
be experienced in 在某方面有经验的
wave at sb 对谁挥手
wave goodbye to sb 对某人挥手告别
ask for a lift 要求搭车
reply to 回答，答复某问题
speak a language 讲一门语言
speak a foreign language 讲外语
body language 肢体语言
during the journey 在旅途中
take a trip 进行旅行
make a trip 进行旅行
on the voyage 在航行过程中
leave for 离开去某地
take French leave 不告而别
in the south of France 在法国南部 (in+方位)
in French 用法语 (in+某种语言)
say good morning to sb 对谁说早上好
apart from 除了
neither of 两都之间任何都不
both of 两者都
either of 两都中或者这个或那个
六、补充内容
量词
1. a plot of 一小块（土地）
eg. There are several plots of land for sale.
有几小块地待售。
2. a pool of 一批
1) 一小片，一片，一滩（液体）；一小片（光亮）
eg. After the heavy rain the fields were filled with pools of water.
大雨过后，田野里尽是一个个小水坑。
2) 一群（人）；一些（钱）；一批，一些（物）
a pool of workers 一群工人
a pool of applicants 一批申请者