北京外国语大学241二外英语历年考研真题汇编（含部分答案）.pdf

目录2010年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题及详解2003年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题及详解2002年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题及详解2001年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题（含参考答案）2000年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题（含参考答案）1999年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题1998年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题1997年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题2010年北京外国语大学241二外英语考研真题及详解I.Choose the most appropriate word to complete each of the followingsentences.1Many“New Age”therapists simply _ the hopes and fears of sickpeople who would be better off going to their own doctor.A exploitB explodeC overcomeD pursue【答案】A【解析】句意：许多“新时代”的治疗师只是利用病人的希望和恐惧，这些病人若是去看自己的医生，他们的情况会有所好转。exploit利用，开采。explode激增，爆炸。overcome战胜，克服。pursue 追求，追赶。因此，本题的正确答案为A。2Without a _ of a doubt,hes the most talented player we have.A shadeB shadowC shameD shield【答案】A【解析】句意：不用怀疑，他就是我们的最有才能的演员。a shade of是固定搭配，表“微微，少许”的意思。因此，本题的正确答案为A。3UN representatives are trying to _ a ceasefire.A criticizeB focusC negotiateD instruct【答案】C【解析】句意：联合国代表正试图协商停火。criticize批评。focus后多跟on，表“集中注意力于某事”。negotiate协商。instruct指导。因此，本题的正确答案为C。4Motorola is one of the leaders in the global technology _.A crisisB decreaseC deficitD boom【答案】D【解析】句意：摩托罗拉是全球科技繁荣的领头者之一。crisis危机。decrease下降，减少。deficit赤字，亏损。boom激增，繁荣。因此，本题的正确答案为D。5In buildings of more than two storeys,wait for the fire brigade,and jumponly as a last _.A approachB resortC appealD solution【答案】B【解析】句意：在两层以上的建筑内，等待消防队，不到万不得已不要跳楼。as a last resort万不得已（作为最后手段）。为固定用法。因此，本题的正确答案为B。6In the ROTC program,students _ a service commitment after college,in return for a scholarship from the Army or Navy.A obtainB findC fulfillD capture【答案】C【解析】句意：在美国后备军官训练队计划中，学生履行服役承诺，军队或是船队授予奖学金作为回报。fulfill ones commitment为固定用法，表示“履行承诺，责任”。因此，本题的正确答案为C。7A few weeks in a tiny damp room soon _ his illusions aboutuniversity life.A thrilledB brokeC shatteredD embarrassed【答案】C【解析】句意：在一间狭小潮湿的屋子里待了几周，不久便打破了他关于大学生活的幻想。thrill使激动，使兴奋。break打破。shatter使（情感、信念、希望等）破灭。embarrass使尴尬。因此，本题的正确答案为C。8We aim to help clients make financially _ choices.A sensitiveB sensibleC sensoryD sensational【答案】B【解析】句意：我们致力于帮助客户在金融上做出明智的选择。sensitive敏感的，易受影响的。sensible明智的，合乎情理的。sensory感觉的，感官的。sensational耸人听闻的，轰动的。因此，本题的正确答案为B。9Immigrants presumably want to migrate because it is _ for them to doso.A fruitfulB effectiveC advantageousD valid【答案】C【解析】句意：想来，移民的人们想要移民是因为这样做对他们来说是有利的。fruitful果实累累的，效果好的。effective有效的。advantageous有好处的，有利的。valid有法律效力的。因此，本题的正确答案为C。10I talked to Susie about it,and shes all in _ of going.A termsB generalC viewD favor【答案】D【解析】句意：我和苏茜说过了，而且她同意去。in terms of根据，就而言。in general一般，大体上。in view of由于，基于。in favorof支持，赞成。因此，本题的正确答案为D。11His opponents have tried to characterize him as _ to the concerns ofthe working class.A unrelatedB intolerantC isolatedD indifferent【答案】D【解析】句意：他的对手把他描述成一个对工人阶级漠不关心的人。unrelated无关的。intolerant不能容忍的。isolated隔绝的。indifferent冷漠的。因此，本题的正确答案为D。12Punishment must be fitted,closely tailored to the state of the spirit,_to the need of the soul.A adaptedB adoptedC adeptD addicted【答案】A【解析】句意：惩罚必须与国家精神相适应、紧密契合，要与人的需要相适应。be adapted to调整使适应。惩罚是被调整的，因此用被动形式。adopt采用，收养。adept精于，擅长。be addicted to沉迷于，对上瘾。因此，本题的正确答案为A。13And within a few years after Keynes,the level of production became the_ factor in war mobilization.A abstractB criticalC obviousD ambitious【答案】B【解析】句意：在凯恩斯经济之后的几年里，生产水平成为了战争动员的关键因素。abstract抽象的。critical关键的。obvious明显的。ambitious有野心的。因此，本题的正确答案为B。14She later claimed that she did not realize she was _ an offense.A admittingB causingC submittingD committing【答案】D【解析】句意：后来，她说她没有意识到她是在犯罪。commit anoffense是固定用法，表“犯罪”。因此，本题的正确答案为D。15Ramon Mitra has proved to be a _ Speaker in the House ofRepresentatives.A competitiveB competentC appetiteD repetitive【答案】B【解析】句意：事实证明，Ramon Mitra是众议院一名能干的发言人。competitive有竞争力的。competent有能力的，能干的，胜任的。appetite食欲，胃口。repetitive重复的。因此，本题的正确答案为B。16But he is vague about how to enforce this;essentially he would trust theindustry to _ itself.A renderB modifyC regulateD control【答案】C【解析】句意：但他不知道如何去强化这个东西；从根本上说，他相信这个行业会进行自我调整。render给予，使成为。modify调整（小范围的，程度较轻）。regulate调节，调整。control控制。因此，本题的正确答案为C。17In an age when information is power,there are clear _ for archiving.A motivesB motionsC movesD purposes【答案】A【解析】句意：在这个时代，信息就是力量。存档是有明确的动机的。motive动机，目的。motion运动。move移动，行动。purpose目的，意志。因此，本题的正确答案为A。18Effects on family life probably include contrary tendencies_ ordelaying decisions to start families,for example.A replacingB acceleratingC reproducingD deteriorating【答案】B【解析】句意：在家庭生活上的影响可能包括相反的趋势比如，加速或是推迟组建家庭的决定。根据句意可知，跟推迟相反的趋势只有提前或是加速。只有B选项有这层含义。因此，本题的正确答案为B。19There are four major initiatives a Government can _.A embraceB resolveC undertakeD proceed【答案】C【解析】句意：政府实施可实施四大重要举措。undertake initiatives是固定搭配。因此，本题的正确答案为C。20People believe that behavior is best left to natural,_ expression.A preciseB blankC boldD spontaneous【答案】D【解析】句意：人们认为，最好的行为应该是自然自发的表达。precise精确的。blank空白的。bold无畏的，醒目的。spontaneous自发的。因此，本题的正确答案为D。II.There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there arefour choices marked A B C D.Choose the one answer that bestcompletes the sentence.21These shoes are comfortable _ pretty.A other thanB more thanC as toD rather than【答案】D【解析】句意：这些鞋穿着舒服但算不上好看。other than除了。morethan超过。as to关于，至于。rather than而不是。因此，本题的正确答案为D。22_ difficulties you meet,you have to go on.A WhateverB HoweverC WheneverD Wherever【答案】A【解析】句意：不管你遇到了什么困难，你必须前行。whatever无论什么。however然而。whenever无论何时。wherever无论在哪。因此，本题的正确答案为A。23He didnt know anyone at the wedding _ than the bride and groomA ratherB moreC exceptD other【答案】D【解析】句意：除了新娘和新郎，婚礼上的人他都不认识。rather than而不是。more than超过。except后不跟than。other than除了。因此，本题的正确答案为D。24The hospital is carrying _ tests to find out whats wrong with her.A onB outC offD through【答案】B【解析】句意：医院正在进行检测以找出她患病的原因。carry on继续。carry out执行，进行。carry off抢走，赢得。carry through完成，帮助渡过难关。因此，本题的正确答案为B。25They _ to help but couldnt get there in time.A had intendedB intendedC have intendedD intend【答案】A【解析】句意：他们本想帮忙，但没能准时到达那里。本打算做某事这一动作发生在没能到达的动作之前，所以用过去完成时。因此，本题的正确答案为A。26This system is identical _ the one used in France.A ofBtoC forDat【答案】B【解析】句意：这个系统和过去在法国使用的那个系统一样。beidentical to是固定用法，表“与相同”的意思。因此，本题的正确答案为B。27Mary and her father are _ in many ways.A likingB likelyC likableD alike【答案】D【解析】句意：玛丽和她的父亲在许多方面都很像。liking嗜好，兴趣。likely可能的。likable可爱的。alike同样的，相似的。因此，本题的正确答案为D。28Much _ I love him,I cant forgive his action.A likeB thatC asD of【答案】C【解析】句意：虽然我爱他，我也不能原谅他的所作所为。as意为“尽管”，表让步。“形容词+as+句子”为固定句型。因此，本题的正确答案为C。29I am sure Harry will remember,but why not give him a ring _ heforgets?A in case thatB in case ofC in caseD in the case of【答案】C【解析】句意：我确定哈利会记得，但万一他忘了，为何不给他打个电话呢？in case+从句表示“万一”。in case of+名词或相当于名词的词，故排除。in case that的说法不存在。in the case of“在的案例中”。因此，本题的正确答案为C。30Australia was the first Western country _ Approved DestinationStatus by the Chinese government.A being grantedB to be grantedC having been grantedD be granted【答案】B【解析】句意：澳大利亚是西方国家中最早被中国政府授予“旅游签证”资格的国家。the+序数词+n.to do sth表示“第几个做某事”。因此，本题的正确答案为B。31What you have done is _ the doctors advice.A responsible toB attached toC resistant toD contrary to【答案】D【解析】句意：你所做的和医生的建议相反。be responsible for“对负有责任”。be attached to附在上。be resistant to对抵抗。becontrary to与相反。因此，本题的正确答案为D。32It is necessary that _ the dictionary immediatelyA he returnedB he returnC he will returnD he has to return【答案】B【解析】句意：他必须立刻把那本词典还回来。It is necessary that动词原形/should+动词原形表虚拟。因此，本题的正确答案为B。33The nurses do all they can to make the patients feel _.A at stakeB at easeC at handD at random【答案】B【解析】句意：护士们尽她们所能让病人感觉舒适。at stake处于危险中。at ease舒适，安逸。at hand临近，手边的。at random任意地，随便地。因此，本题的正确答案为B。34_,the object here is to develop farm machinery.A Land being abundantB Were land abundantC To be abundant landD Land to be abundant【答案】A【解析】句意：土地肥沃，在这里的目的就是要发展农业机械。土壤肥沃是事实，无须用虚拟（B选项），也无需表目的（C、D选项）。A为独立主格结构，符合题意。因此，本题的正确答案为A。35Little _ explain so much about the matter.A did I needB need I toC I need toD need I【答案】D【解析】句意：我不需要在那件事上解释太多。否定词位于句首，主句要进行倒装。need可做助动词进行倒装，其后直接跟动词原形。若need是实义动词，则to不能省略。因此，本题的正确答案为D。36The book has been well reviewed,but _ actual sales it hasnt beensuccessful.A in terms ofB in need ofC in contrast toD in place of【答案】A【解析】句意：这本书经过了精心审核，但根据其实际销售情况看，这本书并不算成功。in terms of就而言，根据。in need of需要。incontrast to与对比。in place of代替。因此，本题的正确答案为A。37Actually,granting loans to students is less risky than loaning toenterprises,_ end up in the red.A so manyB manyC many of themD many of which【答案】D【解析】句意：事实上，比起贷款给企业来说，贷款给学生的风险更小，在向企业贷款的案例中很多都以赤字（亏损）告终。根据题意可知，前后实际为一句话，只有D选项用which指代loaning to enterprises，引导定语从句。因此，本题的正确答案为D。38It is about the time that the government _ strong actions againstpollution.A should takeB has takenC tookD takes【答案】A【解析】句意：这些鞋穿着舒服但算不上好看。It is high/about timethat正是做的时候了。high/about只是对time的强调，从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。由题意可知，此句偏向表明一种情感或态度，因此用should take更为恰当。因此，本题的正确答案为A。39Children all over the world love to have stories _ to them.A to be readB being readC readD to read【答案】C【解析】句意：全世界的孩子都喜欢有人给他们讲故事。have+sth.（宾语）+过去分词（宾语补足语）意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth.后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth.与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。故事是被读的。因此，本题的正确答案为C。40Not to boast,he is _ a composer.A someone asB something asC someone ofD something of【答案】D【解析】句意：不夸赞的说，他是个作曲家。be something of.像的东西；像的人（of后面跟的是人名或描述人的词）。该词组为固定搭配。因此，本题的正确答案为D。III.Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blankthere are four choices marked A B C and D below the passage.Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.What is your favorite color?Do you like yellow,orange or red?If you do,you must be an optimist,a leader,an active person who enjoys life,peopleand(41).Do you prefer grays and blues?Then you are probably(42)shy,and you would rather(43)than lead.You(44)to be a pessimist.At(45),thisis what psychologists tell us,and they(46)know because they have been(47)studying the meaning of color preference as well as the effect that colors have(48)human beings.They tell us,among other facts,that we do not(49)ourfavorite color as we grow(50)since we are born with our(51).If you happento love brown,you did so,as soon as you opened your eyes,or at least assoon as you could see clearly.Colors do influence our(52).There is no doubt about it.A yellow roommakes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark greenone;and a red dress brings warmth and(53)to the saddest winter day.On theother hand,black is depressing.A black bridge over the Thames River,nearLondon,(54)to be the scene of more suicides than any other(55)in the areauntil it was repainted green.The number of suicide(56)immediately fell(57);perhaps it would have(58)even more if the bridge had been done inpink or baby blue.Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more(59).It is anestablished fact that factory workers work better,harder,and have fewer(60)when their machines are painted orange rather than black or gray.41A)pleasureB)excitementC)stimulationD)plant42A)calmB)peacefulC)quietD)silent43A)followB)pursueC)trackD)chase44A)likeB)intendC)inclineD)tend45A)mostB)lastC)leastD)slightest46A)mustB)shouldC)couldD)would47A)seriouslyB)criticallyC)slightlyD)gravely48A)overB)onC)toD)for49A)preferB)desireC)chooseD)decide50A)upB)continuouslyC)downD)along51A)fondnessB)preferenceC)favoriteD)choice52A)feelingsB)temperC)moodsD)thought53A)comfortB)sadnessC)happinessD)cheer54A)usingB)useC)usedD)uses55A)buildingB)bridgeC)streetD)river56A)attemptsB)ideasC)effortD)try57A)directlyB)straightlyC)sharplyD)deeply58A)increasedB)collapsedC)descendedD)fallen59A)pessimisticB)passiveC)energeticD)inactive60A)eventsB)incidentsC)accidentsD)issues【答案与解析】41B 由题意可知，喜欢的颜色和个人的性格有关。喜欢黄色、橙色、红色的人很可能是乐观的、领导他人的、或是一个积极的人，乐观的人享受生活，领导者享受与他人相处，积极的活跃的人享受兴奋。因此，此处填excitement更合适。故选B。42C 由题意可知，喜欢蓝色或灰色的人可能是且害羞的。与害羞并列，quiet显然更合适，故选C。43A 由题意可知，安静、害羞的人更喜欢而不是领导。与“领导”相反的词应当是跟随、跟从。故选A。44D 安静、害羞的人倾向于成为一个悲观者。tend to为固定搭配，表示“倾向于做某事（一种习惯）”，be inclined to也有这层意思，但题中时态不符且该短语表示的是一次性的动作，故排除。本题选D。45C 前文的例子都来源于心理学家的研究，“至少，这是心理学家告诉我们的”。at least为固定搭配，表示“至少”，故选C。46B 心理学家做过不少相关研究，因此他们“应该”知道喜欢的颜色和性格有关。故选B。47A 心理学家做研究应当是十分严谨谨慎的，故选A（seriously）。48B 颜色对人有影响。sth.has an effect on sb.为固定搭配，表示“某事物对某人有影响”。故选B。49C 根据后文“we are born with”可知，喜欢的颜色是天生的，长大了便不会再做选择了，故选C。50A “grow up”为固定搭配，表示“长大”，故选A。51B 根据题意，“我们生来就对颜色有所偏好”，故选B。52C 由后文的“cheerful”、“saddest”、“depressing”等词可知，该段主要讲颜色和情绪的关系。故选C（moods）。53D 根据文意“红色的裙子能在最悲伤的冬日里带来温暖和”。此处应当填写和温暖的感情色彩相一致的词语。cheer（使高兴，使兴奋），比happiness程度更高，也与saddest相对应。故选D。54C 根据文意，黑色会使人压抑。“靠近伦敦的泰晤士河上有一架黑桥，这架桥上过去常常有很多自杀的景象”。used to do sth.过去常常。故选C。55B 由前文可知，这架黑桥上的自杀事件比该地区其他的桥上所发生的事件都要多。同类比较应该选bridge。故选B。56A 根据原文，“当这架桥被涂成绿色之后，自杀事件的数量便立刻减少了”。故选A（企图自杀的事件或案例）。57C 根据原文，“桥的颜色改变，使得自杀案例的数量急剧减少”。急剧减少通常用“sharply”表示，故选C。58D 根据原文，“如果把桥涂成粉色或是蓝色的话，自杀事件的数量会减少的更多”。与前文一致，选fallen。故选D。59C 总结全文。“浅色或亮色不仅能使人开心，而且会让人更加”。故该处应填和开心感情色彩一致且程度更深的词语。只有energetic（有活力的）符合题意，故选C。60C 根据前文可知：相应的，如果工厂内的机器涂成橙色，那比起黑色或灰色，工人们工作的表现将会跟好，工人们会更加努力，而且发生的事故也会更少。故选C。IV.Read the passages below and choose the best answer to each questionfrom the four choices given.Passage 1To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,“all that is needed forthe triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.”One suchcause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory thatanimals have rights ruling out their use in research.Scientists need to respondforcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing thepublic and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because itdepends on public funding,and few people understand the process of healthcare research.Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings,many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at arecent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not touse anything that opposed immunizations;she wanted to know if vaccinescome from animal research.When assured that they do,she replied,“Then Iwould have to say yes.”Asked what will happen when epidemics return,shesaid:“Dont worry,scientists will find some way of using computers.”Suchwell-meaning people just dont understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate,understandable way in human terms,not in the language of molecularbiology.We need to make dear the connection between animal research and agrandmothers hip replacement,a fathers bypass operation,a babysvaccinations,and even a pets shots.To those who are unaware that animalresearch was needed to produce these treatments,as well as new treatmentsand vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worstMuch can be done.Scientists could“adopt”middle school classes andpresent their own research.They should be quick to respond to letters to theeditor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire adeceptive appearance of truth.Research institutions could be opened to tours,to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally,because theultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community shouldactively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such asStephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value ofanimal research,but all who receive medical treatment.If good people donothing there is a re