国际音标速成教学Michael共8课48个.doc

音标教学：第一课（单元音）编写：孙瑜/Michael英语里有26个字母和48个音标。我们知道，在汉语里，学会拼音就可以拼出所有的汉字；同样，在英语里，只要学会了音标，就可以自己拼读所有的英语单词。是不是很神奇呢？下面我们一起来学习。首先，按气流的受阻与否英语音标可分为元音和辅音，根据音标组合的多少元音又分为单元音和双元音，根据发音对声带的震动影响辅音可分为清辅音和浊辅音。（如下图）今天，从元音音标的单元音学起。音标48个元音20个辅音28个单元音12双元音8清辅音8浊辅音20单元音：i，i:，e，：一、i1、发音特点：发音时，舌前部抵住下齿，舌尖稍抬高，舌中后部两侧抵住上齿两侧，口型成扁平状。2、例词：it , big , sit , hit , fish , is , sick , Jim3、例句：It is a big fish.Have a sit Jim, you are sick.4、反复练习（游戏等）二、i:1、发音特点：发音时，舌前部抵住下齿，舌尖尽量抬高，舌中后部抵住上颚及上齿两侧，口型成扁平状。2、例词：eat , bee , he , me , sea , see , feet 3、例句：He eats many peas. Dear me! I can see a big sea!4、反复练习三、e1、发音特点：发音时，舌尖抵住下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i/低，口型比/i/大。2、例词：bed , let , pen , wet , set , end , leg3、例句：Put the wet leg on the end of the bed.Jed, let Kelly use your pen.4、反复练习四、1、发音特点：发音时，舌尖抵住下齿，舌前中部抬起，牙床打开，腮部往后面收缩，舌位较低。2、例词：and , cat , hat , bag , bad , black , cap , bat , sat , rat , catch3、例句：I take a black hat and a bag with myself.Look, the cat is catching the rat under the bad.4、反复练习五、1、发音特点：发音时，舌身平放，舌尖上抬，口半开半合，发“厄”的短音。2、例词：above , ago , again , around , waiter , paper , danger , winter3、例句：Hi,waiter, bring me some paper not water.Its danger to skate fast in winter.4、反复练习六、：1、发音特点：发音时，舌尖上抬，唇自然张开，发“厄”的长音。2、例词：surf , burn , work , learn , dirty , term , her , word , fur3、例句：Hi, the worker is learning to surf.Her sister burned the dirty fur without one word.4、反复练习*练习游戏：群体练习（闪卡猜单词，我说你写，你说我写，一鼓作气等） 分组练习（看谁第一，对抗赛等）音标教学：第二课（单元音）a:，：，u，u:一、a:1、发音特点：发音时口张大，双唇张而不圆，舌身压低、舌尖后缩，微离下齿，舌后稍隆起，发“啊”的长音。2、例词：star , harm, dark, artist, hard, farm, garden, large, bar, car, sharp3、例句：The star is doing harm with a card in the dark.The artist works hard in a big farm, not a garden.4、反复练习二、1、发音特点：发音时，双唇平方，牙床半开，舌尖和舌端两侧轻轻接触下齿，舌后微升，开口与接近，发“啊”的短音。2、例词：bus, some, cup, duck, hut, cut, monkey, such, fun, luck, us, funny3、例句：The bus takes some cups and ducks to the hut.Such bread is cut by the monkey in such a funny way.4、反复练习三、1、发音特点：发音时，口型张开，双唇稍向外凸成圆形；舌身尽量降低并后缩，舌后抬起，舌尖不接触下齿；发“奥”的短音。2、例词：bomb, cock, not, doll, lock, forest, knock, rock, sock, lot, from3、例句：The cock takes a bomb from the forest, knocks at the rock with the sock,and bombs it.4、反复练习四、：1、发音特点：发音时，双唇收得更圆，并向前突出；舌身降低并收缩，舌后部抬得更高，发“奥”的长音。2、例词：call, Ford, horse, north, short, walk, floor, hall, law, form3、例句：A man called Ford ride a horse to the north.A short man is walking on the floor of the hall, writing the law in the form.She is short, and he is tall.4、反复练习五、u1、发音特点：发音时，双唇收圆，舌身后缩，舌尖不接触下齿，自然而不用力，发“屋”的短音。2、例词：look, took, book, cook, pull, full, put, good, foot, push, wood3、例句：Look, Jane is putting a cook book on her foot.Please push the wood away, Ill pull the boat here.4、反复练习六、u:1、发音特点：发音时，舌身后缩，舌尖不接触下齿，舌后部抬高；牙床自然张开，接近半合；双唇收圆；发“屋”的长音。2、例词：moon, food, cool, room, tool, pool, fool, noon, ruler, zoo3、例句：We eat the food in the cool room.Dont swim in the pool at noon, lets go to the zoo.4、反复练习音标教学：第三课（双元音）ei，ai，au，i，i，u一、ei1、发音特点：发音时，从/e/向/i/过渡，口型由半口张开到小口合拢，双唇呈扁平状，发音由“哎”向“一”过渡。2、例词：date, gate, lake, late, table, wait, wake, game, save, hate, name3、例句：Please wait at the gate near the lake.I hate the name of the game.4、反复练习二、ai1、发音特点：发音时，从/a/向/i/过渡，口型由大口张开到小口合齿，嘴唇不闭；舌尖后缩，舌后部稍抬起，发音由“阿”到“一”过渡。2、例词：like, hi, rice, my, night, light, bike, white, why, sight, kite, nice3、例句：Hi, do you like rice in my sight? Its a nice kite. Is it white?4、反复练习三、au1、发音特点：发音时，从/a/向/u/过渡，口型由大口张开到小口合圆，舌后部稍抬起，发音从“阿”到“屋”过渡。2、例词：house, now, loud, cow, mouth, mouse, about, out, flower, cloud, 3、例句：There are about four cows in the house now.Look, the mouse is putting a flower in the mouth!4、反复练习四、i1、发音特点：发音时，从/向/i/过渡，嘴唇由圆变扁，舌头由中部向下移动到下齿根部，由/音开始，到/i/音结束。2、例词：toy, boy, voice, noise, join, enjoy, 3、例句：4、反复练习五、i1、发音特点：发音时，由/i/向/滑动，牙齿不动，舌头后缩，并由下齿根处向上挑起，发音从“一”音向“厄”音过渡。2、例词：ear, here, deer, dear, beer, fear, near, real, beard3、例句：Oh,dear! The deer has only one ear.Dont fear, have some real beer.4、反复练习六、u1、发音特点：发音时，由/向/u/滑动，舌尖后缩，舌后部微升，口型在滑动过程中由半开变成小而圆。2、例词：oh, home, boat, no, so, toe, low, show, note, know, hello, load3、例句：Oh,no! My toes! Hello,joe. This is the note.Show me the boat, I wanna go home!4、反复练习音标教学：第四课（双元音+辅音）e，uj，w，f，v一、e1、发音特点：发音时，从/e/向/过渡，口型由半口张开到小口合拢，双唇呈扁平状，舌尖向上挑起，发音由“哎”向“厄”过渡。2、例词：air, hair, where, there, dare, care, bear, share, wear, fair, pair3、例句：Take care of your hair in the wet air.Where is the bear? He is there, wearing a hat. 4、反复练习二、u1、发音特点：发音时，从/u/向/过渡，口型由圆口变为扁口，双唇呈扁平状，舌尖稍向上，发音由“屋”向“厄”过渡。2、例词：poor, tourist, sure, pure3、例句：Jedy is a poor tourist.Sure, the furs pure.4、反复练习三、w1、发音特点：舌后软腭半元音；发音时，双唇向前突出，舌后部向软腭抬起，发音短促。2、例词：wear, waiter, wait, way, wet, will, west, we, well, wish, wood3、例句：Dont worry. The waiter will wait on the half way.So wet, weve to go to the west for some wood.4、反复练习四、j1、发音特点：舌前硬颚半元音；发音时，舌前部向硬腭抬起，舌尖轻抵下齿，双唇伸展成扁平状。2、例词：yes, year, you, your, yep, yesterday, young, yeah, 3、例句：You look as young as your bother this year, yes? Yeah,you are right!4、反复练习五、f1、发音特点：属舌齿音；发音时，上齿轻触下唇；气流从唇齿间流出，是清辅音，发声时声带不震动。2、例词：fine, fire, fall, life, leaf, knife, from, five, four, coffee, frog, fly, floor3、例句：The knife falls from the shelf with one leaf.The frog jumped on the cafes floor for four or five steps. 4、反复练习六、v1、发音特点：属唇齿摩擦音；发音时，上齿轻触下唇，气流从唇齿间流出，形成摩擦；是浊辅音，发声时声带震动。2、例词：very, five, live, leave, vase, village, violin, volleyball, vip, move3、例句：The vase /va:z/ is so big, lets move it to the village.He lived in the village and played violin in a cafe. 4、反复练习音标教学：第五课（辅音）b，p，t，d，g，k一、b1、发音特点：发音时，双唇紧闭，气流从口中冲出双唇，形成爆破音；是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。2、例词：bag, bad, bed, bye, big, bee, bill, book, back, but, bike, bird3、例句：Its a big bag, but its bad.Look! The bee was flying back like a bird, stopped on the book.4、反复练习二、p1、发音特点：发音时，双唇紧闭，气流从口中冲出双唇，形成爆破音；是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。2、例词：put, peach, peak, sport, speak, apple, yep, map, park, pick3、例句：Please put the peach on the map.Pick one red apple, and put it in the big cup.4、反复练习三、t1、发音特点：发音时，舌前部向上抵住软腭，舌根稍向上抵住后颚，气流突然从舌后上方向前冲出舌尖喷出，形成爆破音；清辅音，发音时声带不震动。2、例词：take, sit, teacher, table, teeth, meet, ten, tick, twelve, get, put3、例句：Please sit at the table.When shall we meet, at ten or twelve?4、反复练习四、d1、发音特点：发音时，舌前部向上抵住软腭，舌根稍向上抵住后颚，气流突然从舌后上方向前冲出舌尖喷出，形成爆破音；是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。2、例词：do, did, does, duck, deer, date, daddy, need, candy, bad, bed3、例句：Daddy, does a duck eat candy? / He did a good job! Stay in bed, you need some rest.4、反复练习五、g1、发音特点：发音时，舌前部向前凸出，舌根向上抵住后颚，气流突然从舌后方向前喷出，形成爆破音；是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。2、例词：get, go, get, bag, big, give, grow, group, gas, green, good, great3、例句：Lets go and get some big green apples.Give me a bag, the gas is not good.Great! We are good guys. 4、反复练习六、k1、发音特点：发音时，舌尖紧贴下巴内侧，舌后部向上抵住后颚，气流突然从舌后方向前喷出，形成爆破音；是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。2、例词：come, cap, cup, cow, card, clean, kite, kick, pick, make, lake,take3、例句：The cow comes up with a card and a cap.Dont take the cup and kite to the lake, unless you have a card.4、反复练习音标教学：第六课（辅音），s，z，一、1、发音特点：发音时，舌尖轻抵上齿，气流从舌齿间的缝隙流出，形成摩擦音；是清辅音，发声时声带不震动。2、例词：three, teeth, thanks, mouth, both, thing, cloth, thick, thin, tenth3、例句：There are three teeth in his mouth.Thanks for your cloth, whether its thick or thin! 4、反复练习二、1、发音特点：发音时，舌尖轻抵上齿，气流从舌齿间的缝隙流出，形成摩擦音；是浊辅音，发声时声带震动。2、例词：this, that, there, they, then, thus, either, neither, whether, though3、例句：This is a boy and these are girls, they are good friends.Neither of you will go, and either of them has to stay.4、反复练习三、s1、发音特点：发音时，嘴唇微开，上下齿近乎合拢；舌尖抵住下齿，气流经舌上方、上齿根，从齿缝间流出，形成摩擦音；是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。2、例词：ice, face, nice, rice, same, see, sing, sea, snake, save, song3、例句：Her nice face is covered with ice.He is singing the same song at the sea.The snake saved me once, long ago.4、反复练习四、z1、发音特点：发音时，嘴唇微开，上下齿近乎合拢；舌尖靠近上齿根，气流经舌上侧，从齿缝间流出，形成摩擦音；是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。2、例词：zoo, zero, eyes, size, vase, rose, clothes3、例句：There are many roses and vases in the zoo.Whats the size of your clothes? / Size eight.4、反复练习五、1、发音特点：发音时，嘴唇张开并向前突出；舌尖靠近上齿根后部，舌身抬起靠近上颚，气流经舌尖上端从齿缝间流出，形成摩擦音；是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。2、例词：sure, she, shake, sheep, shop, ship, share, shell, wash, cash3、例句：She makes sure the sheep is not in the shop.Lets share the shell on the ship.Get on the ship and have a wash.4、反复练习六、1、发音特点：发音时，嘴唇张开并向前突出；舌尖靠近上齿根后部，舌身抬起靠近上颚，气流经舌尖与上颚之间，从齿缝间流出，形成摩擦音；是浊辅音，发音时声带震动。2、例词：pleasure, usual, treasure, decision3、例句：Thanks! My pleasure.He made a decision, he would go for the treasure.4、反复练习音标教学：第七课（辅音）h，m，n，l，r一、h1、发音特点：发音时，口型半开，气流从声门后发出，在流经声门时发出轻微的摩擦；是清辅音，发音时声带不震动。2、例词：hi, head, hair, hat, hen, hand, her, here, hard,hold, help, hate3、例句：I have a hat on my head.Tell her to hand in the homework.4、反复练习二、m1、发音特点：发音时，双唇紧闭，舌平放，软腭下垂（不与后舌接触），气流从鼻腔流出。2、例词：me, map, make, many, much, mummy, man, some, arm, game3、例句：Mummy, give me a map.Show me your arm, lets play a game.4、反复练习三、n1、发音特点：发音时，双唇微开，舌尖轻抵上齿根，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔流出，形成摩擦音。2、例词：one, son, moon, noon, need, neck, now, near, no, nurse, man3、例句：The nurse shows the moon to the man.Will the moon come out at noon, son? No.4、反复练习四、1、发音特点：发音时，双唇微开，舌尖轻抵下齿根，气流从鼻腔流出，形成摩擦音。2、例词：sing, song, thing, king, bring, ring, finger, 3、例句：Hi,King, sing a song,please. The man brings a ring to the King.4、反复练习五、l1、发音特点：发音时，双唇稍微张开，舌尖轻抵上齿根部，舌前部向硬腭抬起，气流经舌两侧从口中流出。2、例词：tell, hold, cold, wolf, little, light, life, late, fly, play, black, like3、例句：Tell him to hold the wood, its a little bad to play in cold water.The wolf is playing with a little black cat.4、反复练习六、r1、发音特点：发音时，双唇小口张圆，向前突出；舌尖轻抵上齿根后部，舌两侧向上收拢，气流经舌两侧从舌尖与硬腭间流出，形成摩擦音。2、例词：ruler, red, rice, ready, rain, rest, rat, free, sorry, hooray, green3、例句：The rat is carrying a red ruler, running in the rain.Dont say “sorry”, lets say “hooray”.4、反复练习音标教学：第八课（单元音）tr，dr，ts，dz，t，d一、tr1、发音特点：发音时，双唇收圆，并向前突出；舌尖向上卷起，抵住上齿根；气流冲过舌尖和上齿根流出；是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。2、例词：tree, try, truck, treasure, trouble, true, trip, travel, trust,3、例句：Try to put the tree on the truck.Trust me during the trip, or youll get in trouble.4、反复练习二、dr1、发音特点：发音时，双唇收圆，并向前突出；舌尖向上卷起，抵住上齿根；气流冲过舌尖和上齿根流出；是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。2、例词：drink, drive, drop, dream, draw, dress, dry, drill, children3、例句：Dont drink and drop while driving.Please draw a dress for the children.4、反复练习三、ts1、发音特点：发音时，口微开，呈扁平状，舌尖抵住上齿根，气流冲出舌尖与上齿根的阻挡，发出气流与舌齿的摩擦音；是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。2、例词：cats, hats, meets, waits, rights, lights, 3、例句：The cats she meets are wearing hats.He just waits, but has no rights.4、反复练习四、dz1、发音特点：发音时，口微开，呈扁平状，舌尖抵住上齿根，气流冲出舌尖与上齿根的阻挡，发出气流与舌齿的摩擦音；是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。2、例词：hundreds, needs, kids, hands, 3、例句：We have hundreds of kids here.Hands up, and tell me your needs.It needs must be so. 必然如此（彦）。4、反复练习五、t1、发音特点：发音时，双唇收拢并向前突出；舌尖抵住上齿根后部，气流通过舌尖与上齿根接合处时，舌齿突然分开，口型稍变大；是清辅音，发音时声带不振动。2、例词：chair, watch, catch, children, chicken, cheap, cheese, choose3、例句：Please catch the watch and sit on the chair.Which do you like, children, chicken or cheese?4、反复练习六、d1、发音特点：发音时，双唇收拢并向前突出；舌尖抵住上齿根后部，气流通过舌尖与上齿根接合处时，舌齿突然分开，口型稍变大；是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。2、例词：Jane, Jack, joke, jeep, enjoy, orange, gym, bridge, fridge3、例句：Jane is playing a joke on Jack.Jack enjoys eating oranges (taken from fridge).4、反复练习音标教学：第九课（单元音）复习全部音标。音标教学：第十课（单元音）复习并测试。音标时间安排如下：日期星期时间内容地点7.16星期三下午6:447:30i，i:，：e，四楼：二、三、四年纪学生五楼：五、六、七年级学生7.17星期四a:，u，u:，：，7.18星期五ei，ai，au，i，i，u7.21星期一，uj，w，f，v7.22星期二b，p，t，d，g，k，7.23星期三，s，z，7.24星期四h，m，n，l，r，7.25星期五tr，dr，ts，dz，t，d7.28星期一复习前24个音标7.29星期二复习所有音标、测试音标班至此全部结束。