焊接缺陷中英文对照.doc

焊接缺陷
1. 裂缝：crack （焊缝/弧坑/热影响区裂纹:weld metal/crater/ heat-affected Zone (HAZ) crack）
2. 焊瘤:overlap
3. 冷隔：cold lap
4. 未焊满: under fill / incompletely filled groove
5. 咬边: undercut
6. 道间没有圆滑过渡/焊缝凹陷：bum effect / Excessive concave
7. 未溶合: lack of fusion / incomplete fusion
8. 气孔:gas pore / blowhole (针尖状气孔:pinhole; 密集气孔:porosity; 条虫状气孔:wormhole)
9. 夹渣: slag inclusion (夹钨:tungsten inclusion; 夹杂物:inclusion)
10. 未焊透:incomplete penetration / lack of penetration
11. 过度焊缝加强高：excessive reinforce / Excessive weld metal
12. 电弧烧伤：Arc strike / Arc burn
13. 焊接变形: welding deformation
14. 烧穿:burn through
15. 塌陷: excessive penetration
16. 凹坑:pit / dent
17. 过度打磨：excessive grinding
18. 焊疤：scar
19. 飞溅：spatter
20. 焊缝成行不好：poor profile
21. 焊角不足：lack of weld leg

附录 attachment
焊接工艺方法

1. 熔焊:fusion welding 压焊:pressure welding 钎焊:brazing welding
2. 焊缝倾角:weld slope, inclination of weld axis.
3. 焊缝转角:weld rotation, angle of rotation
4. 平焊:flat position of welding, downhand welding 横焊:Horizontal position welding.
5. 立焊:vertical position welding 仰焊:overhead position welding.
6. 向下立焊:vertical down welding, downward welding in the vertical position.
7. 向上立焊:vertical up welding, upward welding in the vertical position.
8. 倾斜焊;inclined position welding
9. 上坡焊: upward welding in the inclined position
10. 下坡焊: downward welding in the inclined position
11. 对接焊:butt welding 角焊:fillet welding 搭接焊:lap welding
12. 船形焊: fillet welding in the downhand / flat position
13. 坡口焊:groove welding
14. I 形坡口对接焊:square groove welding
15. Y形坡口对接焊:flare groove welding
16. 纵缝焊接:welding of longitudinal seam. 横缝焊接:welding of transverse seam.
17. 环缝焊接:girth welding, circumferential welding
18. 螺旋缝焊接:welding of spiral seam, welding of helical seam.
19. 环缝对接焊:Butt welding of circumferential seam.
20. 单面焊:welding by one side 双面焊:welding by both sides
21. 单道焊:single-pass welding, single-run welding 多道焊: multi-pass welding..
22. 单层焊:single layer welding 多层焊:multi-layer welding
23. 分段多层焊:block sequence, block welding
24. 连续焊:continuous welding 打底焊:backing welding 封底焊:back sealing weld
25. 自动焊:automatic welding 半自动焊:semi-automatic welding
26. 手工焊:manual welding, hand welding
27. 车间焊接:shop welding 工地焊接:site welding, field welding
28. 堆焊:surfacing welding, building up welding, overlaying welding.
29. 衬垫焊:welding with backing.
30. 焊剂垫焊:welding with flux backing
31. 电弧点焊:arc spot welding.
32. 套环:ferrule 试板test piece 随机检查random check
33. 单面/双面串联点焊:direct/indirect serial spots welding.
34. 机械性能试验mechanical properties test
35. 简历curriculum vitae
36. 分类category
37. 风险评估risk assessment
38. 第三方notified body
39. 基准modules

坡口, 焊缝
1. 焊接工艺参数:welding parameter
2. 坡口: groove 钝边:root face
3. 坡口面角度: angle of bevel, bevel angle.
4. 坡口角度: Included angle, groove angle.
5. 坡口高度:groove depth
6. 开坡口:beveling of the edge, chamfering.
7. single-V/U groove (with root face)
8. 焊缝区:weld metal zone 热影响区:heat-affected Zone (HAZ)
9. 工艺/使用/热/焊接性:fabrication/service/thermal weldability.
10. 碳弧气刨:carbon arc air gouging. 火焰气刨:flame gouging
11. 等离子切割:plasma arc cutting(PAC) 激光切割: laser cutting (LC)
12. 喷沙: sand blast 清渣:slag removal 清根: back chipping
13. 碳/铬/镍当量:carbon/chromium/nickel equivalent.

电弧焊
1. 手工电弧焊:manual metal arc welding
2. 直流电弧焊:direct current arc welding
3. 交流电弧焊:alternating current arc welding
4. 三相电弧焊:three phases current arc welding
5. 熔化极电弧焊: arc welding with consumable electrode
6. 金属极电弧焊:metal arc welding 电弧堆焊:arc surfacing
7. 碳弧焊:carbon arc welding 自动堆焊:automatic surfacing
8. 埋弧焊:submerged-arc welding (SAW)
9. 自动埋弧焊:automatic submerged-arc welding (SAW)
10. 半自动埋弧焊:semi-automatic submerged-arc welding (SAW)
11. 气体保护焊:gas shielded arc welding
12. 惰性气体保护焊:inert-gas arc welding
13. 氩弧焊:argon arc welding
14. 钨极惰性气体保护焊:tungsten inert-gas arc welding
15. 活性气体保护焊:metal active gas arc welding
16. Co2气体保护焊:carbon-dioxide arc welding.
17. 电渣焊:electro-slag welding (ESW) 电阻焊:resistance welding (RW)
18. 点焊:spot welding 摩擦焊:friction welding (FW) 爆炸焊: explosive welding (EW)
19. 热切割: thermal cutting (TC) 气割: gas cutting
20. 塑性/脆性:plastic/brittle
21. 焊缝\环焊缝\打磨:welding seam\circumference seam\grind
22. 发证:certification issue

焊接检验
1. 试件/试样: test piece/specimen
2. 直射/斜射/水浸超声探伤:straight/angle beam/immersed ultrasonic inspection
3. 射线探伤:radiographic inspection 超声探伤:ultrasonic inspection
4. 磁粉探伤:magnetic particle examination 渗透探伤: penetration inspection
5. 荧光检验:fluorescent penetration inspection
6. 着色检验:dye penetration inspection
7. 电磁法探伤:electromagnetic test
8. 密封性检验:leak test 气密性检验: airtight test
10. 破坏检验:destructive test
9. 耐压检验:pressure test 水压试验:hydraulic test 气压试验:pneumatic test
10. 声发射:acoustic emersion
11. 淬火：quenching 回火：tempering退火：annealing 熔炼：smelting
12. 强制检验:mandatory inspection
13. 拉伸试验\弯曲试验\冲击试验:tension test\bend test\impact test
14. 金相检查:metallographic exam
15. 面弯\背弯\侧弯\断口\弯曲条件:face bend\root bend\side bend\break\condition of bend
16. 合格级别\评定级别\底片编号acceptable grade\interpretation level\radiograph no
17. 铱同位素:iridium isotope

· welding inspection clearance groove, assembly space whether it meets the requirements, positioning it firmly welding, weld around is not oil, rust;
清理焊口：焊前检查坡口、组装间隙是否符合要求，定位焊是否牢固，焊缝周围不得有油污、锈物；

· 开孔前要按照图纸给定的方位、标高，结合排版图进行放样、测量、号孔、划线。
· Openings in accordance with the drawings before a given position, elevation, combined with layout plans for setting out, measurement, and its hole, crossed.
· 如果发现压力下降是因为某处泄漏而造成的，系统应降压，修理，并重新试验。
· If pressure drop is found during the test due to leakage at some joints, the system shall be depressed , repaired and re-testing shall be done.