8BUnit6复习提纲.doc

8B Unit6 复习提纲
一.重点单词
1. train vt./vi. 培训，接受训练
He kept training hard with the help of the coach.
train for 为......而训练，为......而接受训练
e.g. They are training for the events. (正在为比赛项目训练)
train sb. as / to be 训练成为......
e.g. He is trained as/ to be a doctor. (受训成为医生)
train sb./ sth. to do sth. 训练...做某事
e.g. We should train students to form good habits.
Elephants were trained to carry wood for people a long time ago.(carry)
trainer n. 软底运动鞋，训练师
e.g. Would you like to buy a pair of colourful trainers?
train (c.n.) 火车 get on /off the train
training (u.n.) 训练 You need more training. (需要更多的训练)
training center 培训中心, receive training 接受训练
2. support vt. 支持
e.g. I will support Jim if he takes part in the singing competition. (support)
support (u.n.) 支持，拥护
e.g. He needs our support. (他需要我们的支持)
With the support of the football fans, our country football team won the final at last.
supporter (c.n.) 支持者，拥护者
e.g. He needs lots of supporters to help him win the match.
3. meaningful adj. 有意义的 反义词 meaningless 无意义的 ，在句子中可作表语或定语
(1)It’s meaningful to do something for the Olympics.
(2)Spending much time watching such boring ads is far more meaningless. (mean)
4. the blind 盲人 the deaf 聋哑人 the disabled 残疾人 the elderly/old 老年人 the young 年轻人 (指这一类人，v. 谓语用复数)
e.g. The old are taken good care of at the room for the elderly. (take)
5. able adj. 能够的，有能力的 反义词 unable
disabled adj. 残疾的
ability n. 能力 (pl.) abilities 反义词 disability 残疾，障碍(pl.) disabilities
(1)Were you able to swim at the age of ten ? Yes, I was.
(2)He found that he was not able to move when he woke up.
=He found himself unable to move when he woke up.
(3)We should help the people in trouble, especially those disabled presons.
(4)Different people have different abilities. (able)
(5)He was born with intellectual disabilities.
6. expect vt. 期待，指望，预料
expect +n./ pron./to do sth./ that 从句
expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
(1)You cannot expect to learn a foreign language in a few months. (learn)
(2)When do you expect our foreign friends to visit our school?
(3)I expect that he can realize his dream soon.
(4)He didn’t know what to expect. (expect)
(5)They waited outside ,expecting to share good news with each other.(expect)
7. volunteer vi. 志愿做 （c.n.）志愿者
volunteer to do 志愿做
e.g.When I grow up , I will volunteer to work in a mountain area.(work)
“It’s fantastic to work as a volunteer.” he said to me.
voluntary adj. 志愿的，自愿的 do voluntary work 做志愿工作
8. chance (c.n.) 机会，强调偶然性
have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
e.g. He wishes he would have one more chance /another one chance to go abroad.
They will be given a chance to show their skills to the world.
9. event n. 比赛项目， 大事 an event
How many events are there at your school sports meeting? 有多少比赛项目
It’s a big event in history. 那是历史上的一件大事。
10.similar adj. 类似的
be similar to 与......类似, to 为介词，其后接名词或代词
e.g. (1)They include many events that are similar to those in the Olympics.
(2) --Can you tell the differences between the twins?--Oh, no. They look quite similar. (类似的)
11.coach n. 教练， 长途汽车 pl. coaches
get the coach to change his mind 使教练改变了他的主意
I hate travelling by coach. (乘长途车)
12.confident adj. 自信的 可作表语或定语 n. confidence
e.g. Tom is confident enough to face difficulties.
=Tom has enough confidence to face difficulties.
be confident of sth. = have confidence in sth. be confident 后可接that 从句
Mary 有信心能通过考试。
Mary is confident of passing the exam.= Mary has confidence in passing the exam.
=Mary is confident that she can pass the exam.
He tried his best and finished second, he felt more confident than before.
13.
closely
adv.
密切地
表示抽象性的“接近”
close
adv.
接近的，不远
表示场所、位置的“接近”
adj.
邻近的，亲密的
表示位置、关系的“近”
(1)It’s dangerous for us to take a close look at the tiger in the zoo.
(2)This problem is closely connected with that one.
(3)My close friend’s house is close to the school.
(4)They live quite close to each other.
(5)The teacher noticed that student closely.
14.get to do sth. 有机会做某事，得到做某事的机会
e.g. He got to take part in the Olympics. 他得到了参加奥运会的机会。
15.achieve v. 实现，达到 ，主语多为人，常用来表示“取得成就，达到目的”
Mary hopes to achieve her dream. (希望实现她的梦想)
come true 实现，其主语是梦想之类的事物
I think your dream will come true.=I think you will realize/achieve your dream.
achievement n. 成就 (pl.) achievements
e.g. 用 achieve 的适当形式填空
(1)To achieve good marks in the coming exam, the students are busy going over their lessons.
(2)People wondered what problems the scientist had achieving a balance between achievements and family.
(3) Jackie Chan’s achievements are far more than that.
(4) Hepburn’s achievements went beyond the film industry.
16.What......for? 意为“为什么......”
e.g.-- What are you here for? --To meet my uncle. （meet）
辨析 what......for 和why
What for
用于询问目的或用途，一般用动词不定式或for介词短语等回答
why
侧重询问原因，一般用because 回答
e.g. –Why were you late for school? --Because I missed the early bus.
17.blood (u.n.) 血 v. bleed bled, bled (过去式，过去分词) bleeding (现在分词)
bleed to death 失血过多死亡 donate blood 献血 blood cells 血细胞
because of losing so much blood (多) have blood cancer 患了血癌
18.give up 放弃 give up +n./doing , give it up 放弃它
Never give up trying, and you’ll succeed. (try)
pick it up , put it up, look it up , wake it up, drink it up, eat it up, burn it up , cheer you up,
clear it up, tidy it up, set it up
19. donate vt. 捐赠 donation n. (pl.) donations
donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物 e.g. donate money to Project Hope
raise sth. for sb. 为某人筹集某物 e.g. raise stationery for the poor children
It is helpful to donate money to charities.
They were glad to receive donations from the government.(donate)
20.operate v. 手术 operation n. (pl.) operations
给某人做手术 operate on sb. = do /perform an operation on sb.
需要做手术sb. need an operation, sb. need operating on= need to be operated on
二.重点词组
1.训练成为一名奥运会的志愿者 train to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games
2.写信给当地政府 write to the local government
3.为无家可归的人提供地方呆 provide special places for homeless people to stay
4.知道期待什么 know what to expect
5.给他们一个向世界展示技能的机会 give them a chance to show their skills to the world
6.包括很多与奥运会类似的比赛项目 include many events similar to those in the Olympics
7.为了奥运会放弃了他们的空闲时间 give up their spare time for the Olympics
8.在进行任务前接受培训 receive training before doing the tasks
9.向运动员提供支持 provide athletes with support
10.使本届运动会取得巨大成功 help make the event a great success
11.先天智力残疾 be born with intellectual disabilities
12.尽力并取得第四名 try his best and finish fourth
13.感到对自己更加有信心 feel more confident of oneself
14.想要做某事 feel like doing sth.=want to do sth.=would like to do sth.
15.有机会帮助他们实现梦想 get to help them achieve their dreams
16.献血给需要帮助的人们 donate blood to people in need
17.伸出援助之手 give a helping hand
18.生病住院 be ill in hospital
19.接受手术，进行手术 take/have an operation, perform/do an operation
20.对某人进行手术 operate on sb.
21.得了严重疾病的人 someone with a serious disease
22.地震幸存者 earthquake survivors
23.进行一对一的工作 do their work one-to-one
24.来自不同背景的运动员 athletes from different backgrounds
三.重点句型
1.对于李海来说，最重要的事情不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。
To Li Hai,the most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.
2.It’s impossible for them to do their work one-to-one without the help of volunteers.
It’s helpful of them to teach in South-west China.
A.句型为：It’s +adj.+(for sb.)+ to do sth.
意思是做某事对于某人来说怎么样，用for 是因为前面的adj是来描述do后面的sth.即形容词仅仅是描述事物,不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价,用for sb.
这类adj.为possible,impossible,interesting,boring,difficult,important,necessary, wonderful,fantastic等
B.句型为：It’s +adj.+of sb.+ to do sth.
用of 的话,adj就用来形容sb的.即形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的,如right,kind,good,bad,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish,careful,helpfulbrave等,用of sb..故可以换成 sb is adj. to do  比如：It’s nice of you to help me.=You are nice to help me.
e.g. It’s fantastic for me to work with these special people.
It’s wrong of the people to drop litter everywhere.
3. --Why is she going there? –For a volunteer project./For a training plan.
4.--How can they keep in touch?—By writing emails./By talking on the phone.
or --(They can write emails/talk on the phone.)
四.书面表达(Giving a helping hand:useful expressions)
...need our help, We must do something to help...... It will cost...to...
...do/does not have enough money for...... It’s important/dangerous/... for sb. to do ...
If all of us can give a helping hand,...may... Many hands make light work.
Thank you for your help/support.
Introduction
Who needs help?
Main body
Information about the person or group in need
What kind of help do they need?
How can we help?
Conclusion
Thanks for help