初二人教版八年级下英语期中复习知识点讲义unit1unit5.doc

Unit1：Whats the matter?一 语法重点1. 情态动词should的用法2. 反身代词二作文话题：谈论健康三重要词汇句型1. have a +疾病名词（得了.病）2. 询问病人病情的句型（也可用于发生了什么事） Whats wrong? Whats wrong with you? Whats your trouble? Whats the trouble with you? Whats wrong?3. lie v.躺；位于,平放lie-lay-lain-lyingShe should lie down.lie v. 说谎lie-lied-lied-lyingShe lied again.lay v.放置，产卵lay-laid-laid-layingThe hen is laying an egg.4. If引导的条件状语从句（主将从现）5. surprise：(1)surprise sb.吓到某人 (2)be surprised at对.感到吃惊 (3)be surprised to do sth.做某事令人感到吃惊 (4)in surprise惊奇地6. agree：(1)agree to do sth. 同意做某事 (2)agree with sb. 同意某人 (3)agree on sth.双方就某事达成一致 (4)agree that+that从句 同意.7. trouble：(1)get into trouble陷入困境 (2)be in trouble处于困境 (3)get sb. into trouble使某人陷入困境 (4)have trouble with sth.在某事方面有困难 (5)have trouble (in) doing sth.在做某事方面有困难8. use(1)be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 (2)used to do sth.过去常常做某事 (3) sth. be used to do.某物被用来做（表被动关系）. (4)sth. be used for doing sth.某物用于/被用于做某事（强调用途）9. take a risk/take risks冒险at risk在危险中 at the risk of doing sth.冒生命危险做某事 10. run out（花光：物作主语） run out of（人作主语）=use up11. mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事12. important(adj.)-unimportant(adj.不重要的)-importance(n.)13. be in control of 掌管，控制14. cut词组：1. cut out删除；删去2. cut up切碎 3. cut off切掉；停止 4. cut down砍到；降低 5. cut in插嘴；超车；插队Unit2: Ill help to clean up the city parks.一 语法重点1. 动词不定式2. 动词短语二作文话题：提供帮助，义务活动三重要词汇句型1. volunteer：v.自愿（做某事） volunteer to do sth. volunteer for sth. n. 志愿者 adj. 志愿的；自愿的 a volunteer job2. 疑问词+动词不定式=宾语从句 I really cant decide where I should go.=I really cant decide where to go.3. such+a(n) +形容词+名词=so+形容词+a(n)+名词 She is such a beautiful girl.=She is so beautiful a girl.4. satisfaction(n.满意)-satisfy(v.使满意)-satisfied(adj.满意的)-satisfying(令人满意的) to ones satisfaction使/令某人满意/满足 be satisfied with对.感到满意 be satisfied to do sth. 对做某事感到满意5. raise.for.为.筹集.6. look like外表上看起来像 take after指因血缘关系在性格，性格，行为上相像7. make/think/find/believe/feel it +形容词+to do sth. 使/觉得/发现/相信/感觉做某事.8. make a difference to对.产生影响9. imagine: (1)imagine doing sth.想象做某事 (2)imagine sb. to do sth.想象某人做某事 (3)imagine that/what 想象.10. train: v. 训练 n. 火车 training n.训练；培训 (1)train sb./sth. to do sth.训练某人/某物去做某事 (2)train sb. in sth. 在某方面训练/培养某人11. understand=follow=catch理解；听懂 understanding adj.善解人意的；体谅人的12. change v. 改变；变化 change ones life change.into. n. 零钱（不可数名词） 改变（可数名词changes）13. 短语：cheer up （使）变得高兴；振奋起来 give out分发；散发come up with想出；提出put off推迟hand out分发call up打电话给某人；征召care for照顾；非常喜欢try out 参加.选拔；试用fix up修理；装饰give away赠送；捐赠take after（外貌或行为）像Unit3：Could you please clean your room?一 语法重点1. 情态动词could用法（请求和征求许可）二作文话题：对某事某物的看法（议论文）三重要词汇句型1. in a mess乱糟糟；一团糟 make a mess of (doing) sth. 把(做)某事搞得一团糟2. so +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 (也) neither助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 (也不)He will go to Hangzhou for a holiday tomorrow. So will I.3. pass v. 经过；穿过 pass the supermarket 通过（考试；会议）；合格或者及格 pass the final exam （时间的）过去，流逝 A year passed quickly.4. borrow sth. borrow sth. from sb. （借进：说话人向别人借东西） lend sb. sth. lend sth. to sb. （借出：说话人把自己的东西借给别人 keep“借”或“保留”多长时间，与一段时间连用5. make：(1)make sb. do sth. I made my mother laugh. (2)make+宾语+形容词（宾语补足语） I made my mother sad.6. waste: a waste of 浪费 a waste of money waste sth.浪费某物 waste sth. in doing sth.浪费.做某事7. provide 提供；供应 provide sb. with sth.= provide sth for sb. supply sb. with sth.=supply sb. with sth. offer sb. sth=offer to do sth.8. develop(v.发展)-developed(adj.发达的)-developing(adj.发展中的)-development(n.发展）develop ones interest in培养某人对.的兴趣9. drop与fall 落下；掉下；降下（作不及物动词时，一般可互换） drop还可作及物动词，而fall 不可10. 短语： depend on依靠；依赖 take care of 照顾；处理Unit4: Why dont you talk to your parents?一 语法重点1. 提建议和回答提建议的表达方式2. until, so that及although引导的状语从句二作文话题：就某一现象提建议三重点词汇句型1. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事2. find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 find sb. to do sth. 发现某人做了某事3. get on (well/badly)with sb. 与某人相处的好/坏4. argue with sb. about sth. 为某事与某人争论5. instead与instead ofinstead：代替；相反副词，通常放在句首或句末，表示前面的事情没有做，而做了后面的事He didnt answer; instead, he asked his father.instead of：代替；而不是介词短语，后面可跟与前面的并列成分相对应的名词、代词、动名词形式You should be working instead of lying in bed.6. 特殊疑问词+ever=no matter+特殊疑问词 however=no matter how7. offer to do sth.主动提出做某事 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.给某人提供某物8. communicate with sb.与某人沟通，交流 communicate sth. to sb.把.通知/传达给某人9. return sb. sth= return sth. to sb.=give back10. not .any more（不再）=no more not.any longer=no longer（不再）11. put pressure on sb.向某人施压12. compete with/against sb.和某人竞争13. continue/go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 continue/go on to do sth.继续做某事（不是同一件事）14. compare A with B把A与B做对比/比较（用来比较相似事物的不同点）compare A to B把A比作B（用来比较不同事物间的相同点）16. cause sb. to do sth.促使某人做某事cause sth. (to/for sb.)（给某人）带来.17. 词组：look through快速查看；浏览work out成功的发展；解决get on with和睦相处；关系良好cut out删除；删去compare.with比较；对比Unit5: What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一 语法重点1. 过去进行时2. when与while的区别二作文话题：描述过去发生的某件事三重点词汇句型1. light: 1）n. 光；光线（不可数名词） 2）n. 电灯；光源（可数名词） 3）adj.轻的；浅色的 4）v. 点燃；照亮 light-lighted/lit-light/lit2. report v.报告 n. 报告 reporter n. 记者3. wood n. 木头；木（不可数名词） 小树林（可数名词，常用复数） wooden adj.木制的4. beat 1)v. 击打 2)心脏等跳动 3)打败；战胜（后接人或由人组成的队）5. against 1)反对 for支持 We are against war and for peace. 2)靠着，倚着 The boy stood against the door.6. rise与raiserise增加；提高；增强；上升；升起不及物动词，主语常为物The river rose after the heavy rain.raise使升起来；提高；举起及物动词，主语常为人He raised his hands.7. realize v. 1)意识到；认识到 2)实现（梦想、愿望） realize ones dream=make ones dream come true=achieve ones dream8. make ones way to.在某人去.的路上，前往.途中9. 短语：at first 起初；起先 fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失make ones way前往；费力地前进take down拆除，往下拽；记录go off水电断掉；离开；爆炸；食物变坏