2023年大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析.doc

之2023年12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析2023年12月大学英语四级全真预测试题四及答案解析一、选词填空题第1题：It seems you always forgetyour reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping. Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the2 sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to label items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in. It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device. A spokesman for the project said: A car mechanic for8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road. In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified. A allow B instance C blank D industrial E frustrating F items G indicating H highlight I user J complicated K white L annoying M successful N articles O simple 【参照答案】：略二、阅读理解第2题：What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from full-time duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home that ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Its easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take the family out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after a long, hard day. Also nowadays, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents with children to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorced mature people, live alone rather than as a part of a family unit and dont want to bother cooking for one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesnt require any dressing up, it offers a fun break in the daily routine, and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in the car-sometimes picked up at a drive-in window without even getting out-or on the run. Even if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of the handy disposable wrappings. Children, especially, love fast food because its finger food, no struggling with knives and forks, no annoying instructions from adults about table manners. 1. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because _. A it can be eaten in the car B it is much more tasty than home-made food C one only uses his fingers while eating it D it is time-saving and convenient 2. It can be inferred that children _. A want to have freedom at table B wash dishes after each meal C are not good at using forks and knives while eating D take eating time as a fun break 3. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home nowadays because _. A they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home B the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home C many of them live alone or dont like taking trouble to cook D American women refuse to cook at home due to womens liberation movement 4. According to the text, a drive-in window is a _. A car window from which you can see the driver B window in the restaurant from which you get your meal in the car C place where you check the mechanic condition of your car D entrance where you return the used plates after eating 5. The expression pitch in with (Line 2, Para. 2) probably means_. A complain B enjoy C help D deny 1小题、【对旳答案】：D2小题、【对旳答案】：C3小题、【对旳答案】：C4小题、【对旳答案】：B5小题、【对旳答案】：C【参照解析】：无第3题：InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration in countering the threat of cyber crime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said. With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directors that includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Bands, utilities, and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share information about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system free. A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks. A sanitized description of a hacking attempt or other incident-one that doesnt reveal the name or information about the victim-can be shared with the other members to spot trends. Then a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBIs computer crimes unit to interfere if there are grounds for an investigation. Cyber crime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial commerce and technology like Charlotte. Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers, said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBIs Charlotte office. Now any business with a modem is subject to attack. FBI agents investigate computer hacking that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon. com, CNN and Yahoo! several North Carolina victims have been identified this year. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks. Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of companies to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard chapters board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cyber crime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files. I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer, he said, the Net is a wonderful place, but its also a dangerous one. 1. From the first paragraph, we know _. A InfraGard is a protective measure against cyber crime B InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration C there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states D private business and the government are now committing cyber crime 2. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT _. A academic communities B public agencies C FBI D private industry 3. By saying too many corporations.speed and accessibility (Lines 34, Para. 3), the author means _. A too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers B criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility C its very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility D many companies suffer from computer hacking because they value speed and accessibility more than security 4. All the following are reasons for the rise in cyber crime EXCEPT _. A victims wont report intrusions by hackers B victims have no firewalls C the use of modem is increasing D companies dont pay enough attention to security 5. It can be concluded from the passage that _. A not all hacking attempts are worthy of investigation B information of the victims is inaccessible C InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September D Amazon was often disrupted by hacking 1小题、【对旳答案】：C2小题、【对旳答案】：C3小题、【对旳答案】：D4小题、【对旳答案】：B5小题、【对旳答案】：A【参照解析】：无三、完型填空第4题：Today, most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel1 the coast. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other2 of transport. These 3 make it possible for boats to travel 4 ports along the coast without being 5 to the dangers of the open. Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their6 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 7 on the coast; still other canals8 lands where there is too much water, help to 9 fields where there is not enough water, and 10 water power for factories and mills. The size of a canal11 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 12 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water13 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 14 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a15 of strange blue-green lines. These were called canals16 they looked the same as canals on earth 17 are viewed from an airplane. However, scientists are now 18 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 19 from space-ships have helped us to 20 the truth about the Martian canals. 1. A off B with C to D by 2. A way B means C method D approach 3. A waterways B waterfronts C channels D paths 4. A among B between C in D to 5. A revealed B exposed C opened D shown 6. A trip B journey C voyage D route 7. A lain B stationed C set D located 8. A escape B drain C dry D leak 9. A water B wet C soak D irrigate 10. A furnish B afford C offer D give 11. A focuses B bases C depends D takes 12. A cross B pass C move D advance 13. A down B beneath C below D off 14. A studied B researched C surveyed D observed 15. A plenty B number C deal D supply 16. A although B because C so D if 17. A that B where C when D as 18. A exact B definite C certain D decisive 19. A held B taken C got D developed 20. A find B expose C uncover D discover 1小题、【对旳答案】：C2小题、【对旳答案】：B3小题、【对旳答案】：A4小题、【对旳答案】：B5小题、【对旳答案】：B6小题、【对旳答案】：C7小题、【对旳答案】：D8小题、【对旳答案】：B9小题、【对旳答案】：D10小题、【对旳答案】：A11小题、【对旳答案】：C12小题、【对旳答案】：B13小题、【对旳答案】：C14小题、【对旳答案】：D15小题、【对旳答案】：B16小题、【对旳答案】：B17小题、【对旳答案】：A18小题、【对旳答案】：C19小题、【对旳答案】：B20小题、【对旳答案】：D【参照解析】：无四、阅读理解第5题：Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. To Save Trees, Fighting One Alien Insect with Others Rusty rhea sighs wistfully as he talks about the beauty and peace of standing amid a grove (小树林) of deep green hemlocks in Appalachia, some of them up to 160 feet (50 meters) tall and more than 500 years old. This is a very special tree, said Rhea, an entomologist for the U.S. Forest Services Forest Health Protection program in Asheville, North Carolina, I was brought up here, and I dont want to see another species go by the wayside. The evergreen trees, a hallmark of southern Appalachias national parks, are under attack by an invasive inse4ct barely visible to the eye but potent enough to fell the giants of the eastern United States old-growth forests. Already the tiny bug from Japan, known as the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), has killed upward of 95 percent of the hemlocks in Virginias Shenandoah National Park. Now they are making their way through the half-million-plus-acre (200,000-plus-hectare) Great Smoky Mountains National Park in North Carolina and Tennessee. The hemlocks shade streams, keeping water temperatures just right for brook trout (鲑鱼) and other fish. They also house birds such as the black-throated green warbler, solitary vireo, and northern goshawk, all three of which mainly shelter in stands of hemlock trees. Because of the insects broad impact on the entire ecosystem of southern Appalachia, HWA stands to cause wider damage than the American chestnut blight (枯萎病)of the early 1900s. That fungus from Europe killed off the once dominant chestnut trees from the northeast United States to the southern Appalachian Mountains. In addition, a species related to HWA, the balsam woolly adelgid, has already killed about 90 percent of the mature Fraser fir trees in the Smokies. Acting Quickly HWA arrived in the U.S. Pacific Northwest via nursery plants from Japan in 1924. By 1951 the tiny invader had been found in Virginia. Since then the insect has spread to more than 15 U.S. states. The key to killing the HWA is to catch it early and act quickly. Its already well established in the Great Smoky Mountains, where Rhea and others are trying to stem the spread of the bugs. HWA multiply quickly: All of the insects are females that reproduce asexually (无性地), laying several hundred eggs a year. When they get to the nymph, or crawler, stage, they are dormant from about June until October, after which they emerge and establish themselves on trees. Winds and birds and other animals spread the crawlers through the forest. HWA crawlers feed on the new growth of hemlocks by piercing the twigs that hold the branches, sucking the sap, and injecting toxic saliva. The needles turn from a deep green to a grayish green and eventually die, depriving the tree of nutrition from photosynthesis. An infected tree usually dies within five years of initial attack. Infection is signaled by either a white, cottonlike material that appears along a trees twigs or by the baldness of a trees upper branches. Plans of Attack In the Pacific Northwest the hemlocks seem to be tolerant of the creatures feed