对外经济贸易大学英语学院《761基础英语》历年考研真题及详解.pdf

目录2001年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2002年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2003年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2004年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2005年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2006年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2007年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2008年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2009年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2010年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2011年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2012年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2013年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2014年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2015年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解2001年对外经济贸易大学英语学院761基础英语考研真题及详解Part O e:VocabularyI.Check the word or phrase you believe is closest in meaning to the keyword.(7.5%)l.RavageA.to enrageB.to plunderC.to devourD.to wear away【答案】B【解析】ravage毁坏，掠夺。plunder抢劫，掠夺。devour（火灾等）毁灭，破坏。wear away磨损，（时间）消逝。2EdifyA.to scoldB.to praiseC.to improve and enlightenD.to have exceptional pleasure from【答案】C【解析】edify教导，启发。enlighten启发，启蒙。scold责骂，斥责。praise称赞，歌颂。exceptional例外的，特殊的。3HaggleA.to wrangle or disputeB.to scoldC.to lieD.to beg【答案】A【解析】haggle（就价格、条件等）争论，讨价还价。wrangle争论，争吵；dispute辩论，争执。scold责骂，斥责。4CurtailA.to curl or intertwineB.to deprive ofC.to confuseD.to cut short【答案】D【解析】curtail缩减，减少。cut short缩减，截短。curl（使）卷曲。intertwine（使）缠绕。deprive of剥夺，使丧失。5SupplicateA.to strangleB.to grow weakC.to beg humbleD.to curse【答案】C【解析】supplicate哀求，祈求。beg humble谦卑地请求。strangle勒死，绞杀。curse诅咒，咒骂。6ExtolA.to announceB.to collectC.to scold or harassD.to praise【答案】D【解析】extol赞美。praise称赞，歌颂。announce宣布。scold责骂；harass烦恼。7FacilitateA.to teaseB.to make easyC.to pretendD.to congratulate【答案】B【解析】facilitate使容易，使便利。make easy使轻松，变得容易。tease取笑，欺负。pretend假装，装扮。congratulate祝贺，庆祝。8CavortA.to prance aroundB.to flingC.to find fault withD.to enjoy in a carefree manner【答案】A【解析】cavort腾跃。prance腾跃，欢跃。fling猛投，抛，掷。find faultwith挑剔，找的毛病。carefree轻松愉快的，不负责的。9SullyA.to keep hidden;make secretB.to hinderC.to defile;soilD.to put the blame on someone【答案】C【解析】sully弄脏，玷污（名誉等）。defile玷污，亵渎；soil弄脏，污辱。hinder妨碍，阻止。put the blame on someone把责任推到别人的头上。10UsurpA.to charge high interest ratesB.to intrude uponC.to disturbD.to seize power or position【答案】D【解析】usurp篡夺，侵占。charge high interest rates 以高利率计费。intrude upon打扰，侵入。disturb扰乱，妨碍。11GoadA.to annoyB.to incite or spurC.to argueD.to beg【答案】B【解析】goad驱策，激励。incite激励，煽动；spur鞭策，刺激。annoy招惹，使烦恼。argue争论，说服。12AugmentA.to urgeB.to disputeC.to promiseD.to increase;add to【答案】D【解析】augment增加，增大。urge 催促，力劝。dispute争论，反对。13InundateA.to flood;delugeB.to break downC.to retreatD.to enter into an agreement【答案】A【解析】inundate淹没，泛滥。deluge淹，浸。break down失败，毁坏。retreat撤退，退却。enter into an agreement达成一致，订约。14WaiveA.to forgoB.to demandC.to look forD.to be irresolute【答案】A【解析】waive放弃。forgo作罢，放弃。irresolute犹豫不决的。15ConfoundA.to impressB.to bring togetherC.to frustrateD.to confuse;perplex【答案】D【解析】confound混淆，使迷惑。confuse迷惑，使糊涂；perplex困惑。impress使铭记，留下印象。bring together使和解。frustrate挫败，使泄气。II.Check the word or phrase you believe is best to fin in the blank in eachsentence.(7.5%)1The teacher _ the dozing student to pay attention.A.admonishedB.administeredC.adjudicatedD.adjusted【答案】A【解析】admonish训诫，警告。administer管理，执行。adjudicate判决，裁定。adjust调整，校准。2His explanation did not _ of any misunderstanding.A.permeateB.permitC.perplexD.perpetrate【答案】B【解析】permit允许，容许。permeate透入。perplex困惑。perpetrate犯（罪，错误），行诈。3He followed his _ and gave the stranger a lift.A.impulsionB.impulseC.conscientiousD.conscious【答案】C【解析】句意：他本着良心，对陌生人施以援手。conscientious有（凭）良心的，诚心诚意的。impulsion冲动。impulse冲动，推动力。conscious有意识的，有知觉的。4Many alcoholics are _ drinkers.A.compatibleB.competentC.competitiveD.compulsive【答案】D【解析】compulsive强迫（性）的，不由自主的。compatible 协调的，一致的。competent有能力的，胜任的。competitive竞争的。5The computer was _ a low buzz.A.dismissingB.emittingC.admittingD.omitting【答案】B【解析】emit发出，辐射。dismiss解散，让离开。admit容许，承认。omit省略，疏忽。6She has a friendly,_ personality.A.genuineB.genitiveC.generativeD.genial【答案】D【解析】genial亲切的。genuine真实的，诚恳的。genitive领属关系的。generative生产的，再生的。7The wounded man clung to life _.A.tenaciouslyB.tantalizinglyC.tenablyD.tendentiously【答案】A【解析】tenaciously顽强地。tantalizingly得令人着急。tenably合理地，可维持地。tendentiously有倾向地，有偏见地。8I dont see how your statement _ to my question.A.retainsB.detainsC.pertainsD.abstains【答案】C【解析】pertain适合，属于。retain保持，保留。detain拘留，留住。abstain戒除，放弃。9Anne loudly _ her beliefs into every conversation.A.obtrudesB.obsessesC.obviatesD.obtains【答案】A【解析】obtrude强行，强加。obsess迷住，使困扰。obviate消除，排除。obtain获得。10Tom brags about his work,but his boss considers him a _.A.nonsenseB.noneventC.nonentityD.nonchalant【答案】C【解析】nonentity不存在的东西，无足轻重的人。nonsense谬论，无意义的事。nonevent大肆宣扬即将来临而并未发生的事。nonchalant冷淡的，若无其事的。11Eds wife has a way of breaking into serious conversations with_ small talk.A.impertinentB.pertinaciousC.pertinentD.impertinacious【答案】A【解析】句意：Ed的妻子有一种习惯，就是用不相关的闲聊来打断严肃的谈话。impertinent无关的，不恰当的。pertinacious固执的，难消除的。pertinent有关的，中肯的。impertinacious为生造词。12The power to confirm presidential appointments _ in theSenate.A.reseatsB.reservesC.residesD.resits【答案】C【解析】句意：对总统的任命给予批准的权力归属于参议院。reside（权力等）属于。reseat使复位，使再坐。reserve储备，保存。resit（考试不及格后）再考，重考。13The Nile River _ silt over the ages to form a delta.A.depositedB.demotedC.deportedD.depraved【答案】A【解析】句意：尼罗河常年的泥沙沉淀形成了三角洲。deposit沉淀，堆积。demote使降级。deport将驱逐出境。deprave使堕落，使腐败。14He was elected by a _ of the two political parties.A.infusionB.fusionC.confusionD.injunction【答案】B【解析】fusion（政党的）联合。infusion注入，灌输。confusion混乱，混淆。injunction禁令。15He had written a _ of a symphony before his death.A.fragmentB.fractionC.fictionD.diction【答案】A【解析】fragment碎片，片断，(文艺作品等)未完成的部分。fraction小部分，分数。fiction虚构，小说。diction措辞，用语。Part Two:UsageI.In each of the sentences below,choose the word in parentheses that iscorrector preferred usage.(15%)1The weather forecast says it is(apt,likely,liable)to rain today.【答案】likely【解析】句意：天气预报说今天可能会下雨。2She is an(alumnus,alumni,alumna,alumnae)of the local college.【答案】alumna【解析】alumna女毕业生，女校友。句意：她是一名当地学院的毕业生。3The word red has an unpleasant(connotation,denotation)for manypeople.【答案】connotation【解析】句意：“Red”这个词对很多人来说包含令人不愉快的内涵。4(Because of,Due to)the bad weather,we arrived late.【答案】Due to【解析】句意：都因为这糟糕的天气，我们迟到了。due to因为，由于。常指这个原因会造成不好的结果。5One could say that all cats are(egoists,egotists).【答案】egoists【解析】句意：可以说所有的猫都是自我主义者。6The audience yawned and seemed(disinterested,uninterested)in thespeech.【答案】uninterested【解析】句意：听众开始大哈欠了，看起来他们对这演讲不感兴趣。7My little son is(anxiously,eagerly)looking forward to Christmas.【答案】eagerly【解析】句意：我的小儿子急切地盼望圣诞节的到来。8He has a(contemptible,contemptuous)attitude toward sloppy work.【答案】contemptuous【解析】句意：他对无聊的工作表现出轻蔑的态度。contemptuous轻蔑的。contemptible可鄙的。9The Grand Canyon is of(incomparable,uncomparable)beauty.【答案】incomparable【解析】句意：大峡谷的壮美无与伦比。10My(ophthalmologist,optometrist)will soon be operating on the cataractin my left eye.【答案】ophthalmologist【解析】句意：我的眼科医师马上会为我的左眼做白内障手术。ophthalmologist眼科医师。optometrist验光师。11Golf is the(vocation,avocation)of a professional golfer.【答案】vocation【解析】vocation职业，行业。avocation（个人）副业，业余爱好。12Your work for the committee has been most(credible,creditable,credulous).【答案】creditable【解析】句意：你为委员会所做的工作是最值得称赞的。creditable值得赞扬的，应予肯定的。credible可靠的。credulous轻信的。13This is the most(historic,historical)building in the town.【答案】historic【解析】句意：这是这座城镇里历史上最为有名的建筑。historic历史上著名的，有历史性的。historical与历史有关的，历史（上）的。14I cant stand your(continual,continuous)interruption.【答案】continual【解析】句意：我不能忍受你反复打断我的讲话。continuous和continual的区别：(1)搭配区别：continuous可以做表语或定语be continuous或continuous+名词；continual只做定语continual+名词；(2)词意的不同：continual反复，不停止（happen repeatedly），如continual knocks on thedoor反复的敲门声；continuous连续性的=unbroken(lack of interruption)，如a continuous line一条不间断的线。15If you have a cough accompanied(by,with)a fever,see a doctor.【答案】with【解析】句意：如果你咳嗽伴有发烧，就要去看医生。这里accompany在被动语态中，当指的是人时，用在它后的介词是by，指伴随他人。如：She went to Europe accompanied by her colleague.她和她的同事一道去欧洲。不是指人的情况则用with，如：The salmon was accompaniedwith a delicious lettuce salad.伴有可口的生菜沙拉的鲑鱼。II.Fill in the missing words:(20%)ITake for instance the evening of December 31,1994,when I began myassignment(1)the foreign affairs columnist for The New York Times.Istarted the column(2)writing from Tokyo,and when I arrived at theOkura Hotel(3)a long transpacific flight,I called room service(4)one simple request:“Could you please send me(5)four oranges.”I amaddicted(6)citrus and I needed a fix.It seemed to me a simple(7)order when I telephoned it in,and the person on the other end(8)tounderstand.About twenty minutes(9)there was a knock at my door.Aroom service waiter was standing there(10)his perfectly creaseduniform.In front of him was a cart(11)by a starched white tablecloth.(12)the tablecloth were four tall(13)of fresh-squeezed orange juice,(14)glass set regally(15)a small silver bowl of ice.【答案】(1)as(2)by(3)after(4)with(5)up(6)to(7)enough(8)seemed(9)later(10)in(11)covered(12)on(13)glasses(14)each(15)inIII believe that(16)you want to understand the post-Cold War world you(17)to start by understanding that a new international system(18)succeeded itglobalization.(19)is“The One Big Thing”people shouldfocus on.Globalization is not the only thing(20)events in the worldtoday,but to the(21)that there is a North Star and a worldwide shaping(22),it is this system.What is new is the(23);what is(24)ispower politics,chaos,clashing civilizations(25)liberalism.(26)whatis the drama of the post-Cold War world is the interaction(27)this newsystem(28)all these old passions and aspirations.It is a complex drama,(29)the final act still not written.【答案】(16)if(17)have(18)has(19)That(20)influencing(21)extent(22)force(23)systems(24)old(25)and(26)and(27)between(28)and(29)withIIIElections alone will never be enough to ensure(30)governance;Russiaand Pakistan are proof(31)of that.At the same(32),just installingmodern operating(33)and software in a country,(34)holding regularelections that can(35)corrupt leaders,will never be(36)either.Thatis why the Wisest(37)in developing countries will be(38)whounderstand quickest that without the herd there will be no(39),andwithout better so,ware and(40)systems there will be no herd.【答案】(30)good(31)enough(32)time(33)system(34)without(35)remove(36)enough(37)leaders(38)those(39)growth(40)operatingPart Three:Reading and WritingI.Read the following essay and answer the questions briefly.(25%)In recent years it seems that language as it relates to software programminghas come to be worth more in the job market than a mastery of English orChinese.But natural language isnt just the gift of the gab.Its also a talentnecessary for communication,which is distinct from mere conversation.Communication can be verbal or written.In the working world,the ability tocommunicate well is known as a soft skill.Soft skills have always beencritical to professions like journalism,advertising or medicine.Now theyreproving to be just as important to high-tech industries and businesses.Effective communication isnt the only soft skill employers crave.Inter-personal skills,like the ability to create and maintain a rapport with others,are high on the list,too.Time management,initiative,working well underpressure,and image or appearance-especially as it bears on non-verbalcommunication-are also essential.Technology has meant the blurring of traditional lines between workers anddepartments at many companies,particularly small,information technologystart-ups.Businesses are less departmentalized.E-mail,for example,nowallows all kinds of workers and managers to communicate directly with oneanother.Technical support staff who once worked in obscurity many nowinteract daily with sales and marketing staff,and with customers and clients.Obviously,employers want programmers or developers who are at the top oftheir technical game.But increasingly,they also want employees who canarticulate their goals clearly,write evocatively,work well with others andbuild relationships,take initiative,and represent a companys image of itself.Soft skills-or,as they might have been called in another era,people skills.Yet what does“effective communication”mean?First,understand that it canhe verbal,non-verbal or written.Communication can include telephone links,telecommunication exchanges,E-mail,the Internet or writing reports.Thus,communication and conversation are not the same animal.But at the sametime,language experts say conversation is often more than 90 percent non-verbal.Words alone make up only a tiny portion of the messages people sendone another.In his Dictionary of Cybernetics,Klaus Krippendorff,of the AnnenbergSchool of Communications at the University of Pennsylvania,writes thatnon-verbal communication is:processes of communication without the use oflanguage proper.”“Body movements,gesture,smells but also such extra-linguistic features ofspeech as intonation,speed,pause,”Krippendorff said.“Non-verbalcommunication is expressive and manifest as opposed to being aboutsomething outside the communicator.Non-verbal communication tends toprovide the context of verbal communication and has the power todisambiguate(but also to invalidate)the content of linguistic expressions.So the way we talk-ore speech patterns,our expressions,our eye movements-are critical to providing the context and clarity that words alone cannot.Buthow does the average worker learn to do this well?Unfortunately,most of the large,popular career and job sites on the WorldWide Web are devoted to finding,applying for and winning a new job.Mostdo not tell workers who already have a job how to improve their soft skills.Smaller,and more obscure,subject-specific sites exist,but you have to huntfor them.Leading Edge Communications,for example has a site devoted topromoting publications and seminars on effective business communication.But is also offers an intriguing page of written exercises designed to teachpeople to communicate better.The Writing Center also offers books andseminars on writing better at work,and Summer Institute for Languagesoffers a tutorial on what constitutes written communication.What else can a worker do?First,seek out a mentor among project leaders,managers or other more seniors,more experienced colleagues.Second,manybusinesses offer communications,assertiveness and team-building trainingcourses.In addition,some career and recruiting experts advise clients to takepublic speaking classes,sign up for writing courses through universityextension programs,and even try out for community-theater.Also,thoughmany people who already have jobs think an employment agency or careercounselor has nothing to offer them,such consultants often advise oncommunication,interpersonal and image strategies.Image?Appearance can be an important part of soft skills.Remember thatmost communication is non-verbal.That can certainly be true during a jobinterview.An interviewer may become your new boss or colleague,and,aseveryone knows,comes to an opinion about you based in part on appearance.Interviewers want to hire applicants with the best shot of fitting into thecompanys culture-and most workplaces have a distinct culture.Appearance,from the way a candidate dresses to his body language,can tell aninterviewer a lot about an applicants background,education,personality andoutlook.In fact soft skills may be a deciding factor at a job interview,which is often