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定语从句讲解练习定语从句讲解练习第1页概 念什么是定语从句:什么是定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句。其作用是修饰主句中某一名叫定语从句。其作用是修饰主句中某一名词或代词,修饰名词或代词叫先行词。词或代词,修饰名词或代词叫先行词。e.g.Doyouknowtheman(whocametoseeXiaowangthismorning?)第2页名 词定语从句先行词=e.g.Thereissomebodyhere(whowantstospeaktoyou.)这里有些人要和你说话。这里有些人要和你说话。代词第3页定语从句放在先行词之后,先行词由定语从句放在先行词之后,先行词由关系代关系代词或关系副词词或关系副词引导,关系词放在它们中间。引导,关系词放在它们中间。关系代词:关系代词:who,whom,that,which,whose关系副词:关系副词:when,where,whye.g.1.Heisamanwhomweshouldalllearnfrom.他是一个我们都应该学习人他是一个我们都应该学习人2.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcameto定语从句翻译。定语从句翻译。要要点:点:注注 意:意:第4页用用 法:法:1.定语从句修饰人,用定语从句修饰人,用whothat,(,(who和和that普通可交换,有时可省去)普通可交换,有时可省去)如人如人后有介词,则必须用后有介词,则必须用whom.e.g.Thepeople(whothat)youweretalkingtowereJapanese.Isshethegirlthatsellsflowers?第5页Heisamanthatyoucansafelydependon.他是一个你能依靠人。他是一个你能依靠人。ThegirltowhomIspokenismycousin.ThegirlwhothatIspokentoismycousin.第6页区分相同关系词区分相同关系词由由who,whom和和whose引导定语从句引导定语从句who在从句中作主语,在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作在从句中作宾语,宾语,whose在从句中作定语。在从句中作定语。e.g.1.Thisisthethiefwhostolemybike.这就是偷我自行车那个贼。这就是偷我自行车那个贼。2.Heistheboywhomyouwantedtofind.他就是你想要找那个男孩。他就是你想要找那个男孩。第7页3.Thegirlwhosemotherisadoctoriswaitingforyououtside.妈妈是个医生那个女孩在外面等你。妈妈是个医生那个女孩在外面等你。第8页 2.修饰物用修饰物用whichthat.e.g.Thetrainwhichthathasjustisforxian.Thepenthatwhichyougavemeisverynice.Thisisthe questionthatwevehadsomuchdiscussionabout.Thisisthe questionaboutwhichwevehadsomuchdiscussion用用 法:法:第9页3.when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语(1)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.(2)Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.第10页4.where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语(1)ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.(2)ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.5.why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语(1)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.(2)Idontknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.第11页判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词重点重点关系词选择依据在从句中所做成份,先行关系词选择依据在从句中所做成份,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(代词(who,whom,that,which,whose););先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词词(where地点状语,地点状语,when时间状语,时间状语,why原因状语)原因状语)。第12页判断改错:判断改错:ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.Illneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.第13页巩固练习巩固练习1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneDA第14页解释:解释:1:thismuseum作主语,作主语,theone代替主语作先代替主语作先行词,且作宾语,省去行词,且作宾语,省去which.2:themuseum作状语。作状语。判断改错(用横线表示犯错误并更正。)判断改错(用横线表示犯错误并更正。)1.ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.2.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecity.第15页改改1:where改成改成which,因为,因为themountainvillage作宾语。作宾语。2:when改成改成which,因为,因为thedays作宾语。作宾语。第16页介词介词+关系代词引导定语从句关系代词关系代词引导定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时从句常由介词在定语从句中做介词宾语时从句常由介词+关系代词引导关系代词引导(1)Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.注注意意第17页 (2)TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(3)Wellgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.Wellgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.第18页只能用只能用that作为定语从句关系代词情况作为定语从句关系代词情况A)在在therebe句型中,只用句型中,只用that,不用,不用which。B)在不定代词,如:在不定代词,如:anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,等作先行词时,只用只用that,不用,不用whichC)先行词有先行词有theonly,thesame,thevery,all,any,no,much等修饰时,只用等修饰时,只用that。强强调:调:第19页D)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用级时,只用thatE)先行词现有些人,又有物时。先行词现有些人,又有物时。F)当主句以当主句以who、which开头时,用开头时,用that防止重复。防止重复。第20页All_glittersisnotgold.Irealizethatthereisverylittle_Icanofferhim.Theonlything_mattersistofindourwayhome.Thisistheverygoodfilm_Ihaveseen.Lookatthemanandhisdonkey_arecorssingthebridge.Whoisthestudent_youoftensay.thatthatthatthatthatthat第21页不用不用that情况情况a)引导非限定性定语从句时引导非限定性定语从句时。比如:。比如:(错)(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.更正:更正:that改为改为which.b)介词后不能用。介词后不能用。比如:比如:Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我们依赖土地取得食物。我们依赖土地取得食物。第22页做做到到精精益益求求精精Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.第23页定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。从句。非限制性定语从句先行词和关系词惯用逗号非限制性定语从句先行词和关系词惯用逗号隔开,且不能用隔开,且不能用that引导。引导。e.g.1、Shehadeightchildren,threeofwhomlivedtogrowup.2、Smoking,whichisabadhabit,isverypopular.第24页勇攀高峰强化训练勇攀高峰强化训练1.Donttalkaboutsuchthingsof_youarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asD.those2.Isthisthefactory_youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone第25页3.Isthisfactory_someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone4.Isthisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces_couldntbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthat第26页6.Illtellyou_hetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which7.Thetwothings_theyfeltveryproudareJimsgoldwatchandDellashair.A.aboutwhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.forwhich第27页8.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch_washeldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./9.Hefailedintheexamination,_madehisfatherveryangry.A.whichB.itC.thatD.what第28页10.Maythefourthistheday_weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich.11.Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.whosC.whoseD.which第29页
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