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Unit 18 Beauty
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
There is no doubt that music plays a powerful role in our lives.It can calm our tired nerves after a busy day of work.Music even has the power to move us to tears when it stirs(激起) an emotional reaction.How then，does music play a role in special education?
If music has the ability，to touch those hidden places we all carry inside，it proves an important tool for the special education teacher.For students with emotional problems，music can help soothe(抚慰) sadness.Consider the child that arrives in class depressed and upset.If music can indeed relax and calm him，he is more likely to focus and participate in class.
Dr.R.Joseph，author of Behavioral Neurology，writes，“It is well recorded that patients with left hemisphere(大脑半球) damage，who may be unable to speak or recognize words，can sing a melody(曲调)．”
For this reason，some special education teachers have found it helpful to set their lessons to music.When students cannot understand or remember certain things，singing them helps make it easier.
Nature magazine reported “Music training helps underachievers.In Rhode Island，researchers studied eight public school first grade classes.Half of the classes became ‘textarts’ groups，receiving ongoing music training.After seven months，the students were given a test.The tested group had caught up with their fellow students in reading and surpassed(超过) their classmates in math by 22 percent.In the second year of the project，the tested students widened this even further.Students were also tested on attitude and behavior.Classroom teachers also noted improvement in these areas.”
It seems music does，indeed，play an important role in education.For the special education teacher，this is especially encouraging.
【语篇解读】 这篇短文主要讲述了音乐在特殊教育中的角色问题。
1．The first paragraph is mainly about______．
A．the role of music in education
B．the importance of music in life
C．the relationship between music and work results
D．the relationship between music and behavior
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第一段“There is no doubt that music plays a powerful role in our lives.”及本段描述可知，本段主要说的是音乐在生活中的重要性，故选B。
【答案】 B
2．For students with emotional problems，music might be______．
A．a toy B．a punishment
C．a medicine D．a puzzle
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段“For students with emotional problems，music can help soothe(抚慰)sadness.”的描述可知，选C。
【答案】 C
3．According to Dr.R.Joseph，people with left hemisphere damage ________．
A．are unable to recognize people
B．can produce some musical sounds
C．can become special education teachers
D．might suffer right hemisphere damage too
【解析】 细节理解题。根据“It is well recorded that patients with left hemisphere(大脑半球)damage，who may be unable to speak or recognize words，can sing a melody(曲调)．”的描述可知，选B。
【答案】 B
4．The tested students mentioned in the fifth paragraph______．
A．behaved badly after the study
B．didn't show any difference after the study
C．had done well in their reading and math before
D．received certain music education during the study
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Half of the classes became‘textarts’groups，receiving ongoing music training.”的描述可知，这些学生在学习期间接受一定的音乐教育。故选D。
【答案】 D 【导学号：96750051】
B
New cars that can control and brake themselves risk quieting people in the driver's seat into a false sense of security—and even to sleep.
That was one surprising finding when researchers put Stanford University students in a simulated(模拟的) selfdriving car to study how they reacted when their robochauffer needed help.The experiment was one in a growing number that assesses how cars can safely hand control back to a person when their selfdriving software is at a loss.
With some models already able to stay in their lane or keep a safe distance from other traffic，and automakers pushing for more automation，the cartodriver handoff is a big open question.The elimination(消除) of distracted driving is a major selling point for the technology.But in the Stanford experiment，reading or watching a movie helped keep participants awake.The Stanford research suggests engaging people with media could help，while some automakers are marketing vehicles with limited selfdriving features that will slow the car if they detect a person has stopped paving attention to the road.Though research is ongoing，it appears that people need at least 5 seconds to take over.
Meanwhile，traditional automakers are advancing with the technology.Mercedes and Toyota sell cars that can hit the brakes and stay in their lane.By adding new features each year，they might produce a truly selfdriving car in about a decade.One potential risk of this gradualist approach became clear this fall，when Tesla Motors had to explain that its “auto pilot” feature did not mean drivers could stop paying attention.Starting late next year，the Cadillac CTS will get a Super Cruise system，which will allow semiautonomous highway driving.If the driver's eyes are off the road，and they don't respond to repeated urging，the car slows.
“We are in no way selling this as a technology where the driver can check out，” General Motors spokesman Dan Flores said，“You can relax，glance away，but you still have to be aware because you know the technology's not safe.”
One riddle automakers must solve: How to get owners to trust the technology so they'll use it—but not trust it so much that they'll fall into a false sense of security.Trust was on the mind of researchers who in August published an extensive report on selfdriving cars.“Although this trust is essential for widespread adoption，participants were also observed prioritizing nondriving activities over the operation of the vehicle，”the authors wrote.Another wideopen question: How to alert the person in the driver's seat of the need to take over.It appears that the car should appeal to several senses.Visual warnings alone may not be enough.
【语篇解读】 本文为科普类文章。讲述了自动驾驶的新车会给驾驶座位上的人以虚假的安全感。并指出汽车制造商应当怎样改进技术才能让用户信任并使用。
5．In the experiment，one disadvantage of the selfdriving car is that in the drivers' seats people______．
A．have a sense of security because of new technology
B．can't react immediately when they need help
C．are often distracted while driving the car
D．like to read and watch a movie to keep awake
【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段中的“The elimination(消除) of distracted driving is a major selling point for the technology.But in the Stanford experiment，reading or watching a movie helped keep participants awake.”及“Though research is ongoing，it appears that people need at least 5 seconds to take over.”可知答案。
【答案】 C
6．What does the underlined word “handoff” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Change. B．Control.
C．Pull. D．Push.
【解析】 词义猜测题。由第三段中的“automakers pushing for more automation，the cartodriver”可知答案。
【答案】 A
7．From the passage，we can conclude that______．
A. the automakers are proud of the new cars for their technology
B．there are problems to solve in getting owners to trust the technology
C．automakers have already marketed cars with limited selldriving technology
D．traditional automakers rather than present ones are advancing with the technology
【解析】 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“One riddle automakers must solve: How to get owners to trust the technology so they'll use it.”可知答案。
【答案】 B
8．The author's purpose of writing the passage is to________．
A. remind the readers of risks in the selfdriving car
B．advertise and market the new selfdriving car
C．get more participants to experiment in the selfdriving car
D．introduce the advanced technology in the selfdriving car
【解析】 写作意图题。由首段及尾段不难得出结论。
【答案】 A
C
◆Cannes will rock to the sound of a cancan dance this year when Moulin Rouge by the Australian director Baz Luhrmann opens the French film festival(电影节)in May.The musical stars Nicole Kidman as a singer，and John Leguizamo as the artist Henri de ToulouseLautrec.It will be competing for the Palme d'Or，the festival stop prize.The festival runs to May 21.
◆The American actor Tommy Lee Jones，54，has married his longtime girlfriend，Dawn Maria Laurel，36，in a private wedding in San Antonio.“It wasn't a big todo，” said Fred Biery，a U．S.District Judge who performed the service.He refused to discuss things further.“These are very private people，”he said.
◆Loretta Lynn is being treated for a very bad cold in Tennessee and will miss several appearances.The country singer，65，was admitted to a hospital near her home in Hurricane Mills.“She is in good condition，but the doctors are watching her closely，” a spokeswoman said.
The FrenchAlgerian singer Enrico Macias was named a United Nations peace messenger.Enrico joins eight other people who act as goodwill envoys(使者)for the United Nations，among them are the writer Elie Wiesel and the basketball player Magic Johnson.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Cannes电影节，一位美国演员的婚姻，美国一位乡村女歌手的身体状况，一位歌星的成就。
9．We can learn from the text that Henri de ToulouseLautrec is______．
A．a figure in a film
B．a dancer in a show
C．a country singer
D．a prize winner
【解析】 细节理解题。首先应该理解Moulin Rouge是一部电影，John Leguizamo as the artist Henry de ToulouseLautrec的意思是John Leguizamo扮演电影中的艺术家Henry de ToulouseLautrec。
【答案】 A
10．We know from the text that______．
A．Moulin Rouge won the top prize in a film festival
B．Loretta Lynn is under the doctors' care
C．eight people serve as the UN goodwill envoys
D．Fred Biery was Tommy Lee Jones assistant
【解析】 细节理解题。短文第三段中的Loretta Lynn is being treated for a very bad cold说明，她正在接受治疗。
【答案】 B
11．This text most probably appears in______．
A．a book on film stars
B．a film review in a magazine
C．a newspaper
D．a notice
【解析】 推理判断题。短文介绍了四项内容：一是Cannes电影节，二是一位美国男演员的婚配，三是一位美国乡村女歌手的身体状况，四是一位法国—阿尔及利亚歌星的光辉成就，所以该短文最可能出现的地方是报纸。
【答案】 C
D
Last week I talked with some of my students about what they wanted to do after they graduated，and what kind of job prospects they thought they had.
Given that I teach students who are training to be doctors，I was surprised to find that most thought that they would not be able to get the jobs they wanted without “outside help”．“What kind of help is that？” I asked，expecting them to tell me that they would need a relative or family friend to help them out.
“Surgery(外科手术)”，one replied.
I was pretty alarmed by that response.It seems that the graduates of today are increasingly willing to go under the knife to get ahead of others when it comes to getting a job.
One girl told me that she was considering surgery to increase her height.“They break your legs，put in special extending screws，and slowly expand the gap between the two ends of the bone as it regrows，you can get at least 5 cm taller！”
At that point，I was shocked.I am short，I can't deny that，but I don't think I would put myself through months of agony(痛苦)just to be a few centimeters taller.I don't even bother to wear shoes with thick soles，as I'm not trying to hide the fact that I am just not tall!
It seems to me that there is a trend toward wanting “perfection”，and that is an ideal that just does not exist in reality.
No one is born perfect，yet magazines，TV shows and movies present images of thin，tall，beautiful people as being the norm.Advertisements for slimming aids，beauty treatments and cosmetic surgery clinics fill the pages of newspapers，further creating an idea that “perfection” is a requirement，and that it must be purchased，no matter what the cost.
In my opinion，skills，rather than appearance，should determine how successful a person is in his chosen career.
【语篇解读】 这篇文章讲的是为了找到好的工作，很多毕业生选择做美容手术，使自己在找工作的时候有优势，当然他们这样做是受到媒体的影响。
12．We can know from the passage that the author works as______．
A．a doctor B．a model
C．a teacher D．a reporter
【解析】 推理判断题。从文章第一段的“Last week I talked with some of my students about what they wanted to do after they graduated，”可以推断出作者是一个老师，选C。
【答案】 C
13．Many graduates today turn to cosmetic surgery to______．
A．marry a better man/woman
B．become a model
C．get an advantage over others in jobhunt
D．attract more admirers
【解析】 推理判断题。从文章第四段的“I was pretty alarmed by that response.It seems that the graduates of today are increasingly willing to go under the knife to get ahead of others when it comes to getting a job.”可知，现在很多毕业生求助于做美容手术，是为了在找工作的时候比别人有优势，故选C。
【答案】 C
14．According to the passage，the author believes that______．
A. everyone should purchase perfection，whatever the cost
B．it's right for graduates to ask for others to help them out in hunting for jobs
C．it is one's appearance instead of skills that really matters in one's career
D．media are to blame for misleading young people in their seeking for surgery
【解析】 细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段的“No one is born perfect，yet magazines，TV shows and movies present images of thin，tall, beautiful people as being the norm.”可知作者相信在追求美容手术这个方面，媒体应该负责，故选D。
【答案】 D
15．The best title for the passage should be“______”．
A．Young Graduates Have Higher Expectation
B．Young Graduates Look to Surgery for Better
Jobs
C．Young Graduates' Opinion About Cosmetic
Surgery
D．Young Graduates Face a Different Situation in Jobhunt
【解析】 主旨大意题。这篇文章讲的是为了找到好的工作，很多毕业生做美容手术，使自己在找工作的时候有优势，所以Young Graduates Look to Surgery for Better Jobs是比较贴切的标题，故选B。
【答案】 B
Ⅱ.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2016·成都六校高二上期末)
Encouraging Positive Relationships
Choosing one's friends is an important part of growing up.And(although you can't choose your children's friends，you can have a positive influence on the relationships they make throughout their formative years) use the following strategies to help your children to build positive relationships with their friends.
·Encourage Diversity.__16__In addition to exposing your kids to more diversity，it will also help them learn more about themselves.
·Avoid Criticism.Avoid criticising friendships，but be honest with your kids when you're concerned.__17__This may make them defensive and less receptive to what you have to say.Do be open and willing to listen to what they have to say，and talk about what makes you nervous.
·__18__If you feel that one of your child's friends is having a negative influence on him/her，invite that friend to spend time with you and your child together so that you can have a positive influence on the relationship.
·Engage in Community Service.Engage your family in service and volunteering(or join a social group) through a local church，school or other nonprofit organisation.__19__
·__20__When talking about a friend who has a negative influence on your child，focus your comments on that friend's behaviours，not on her/his personality.For example，instead of calling your child's friend irresponsible for smoking，you could point out that the behaviour has a negative effect on her/his health and recommend ways for your child to help her/him quit.
A. Offer advice.
B．Get involved.
C．Don't show disapproval of your child's friends.
D．Help your kids find the group that they fit with.
E．These events can be great places to meet new friends.
F．It's important to develop positive relationships with family members as well.
G．Challenge your children to get to know kids from many different backgrounds.
【答案】 16－20 GCBEA
Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题
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