医学生常用的医学英语词汇汇总.pdf

医学生常用的医学英语词汇汇总目录一、内科常用字汇心血管系统血液及淋巴系统呼吸系统消化系统内分泌系统神经系统肌肉骨骼系统泌尿及男性生殖系统特殊感觉器官综合字汇二、妇产科常用字汇三、小儿科常用字汇四、精神科常用字汇五、各科常用缩写六、解剖式内外科常用字汇七、癌症相关单字八、医院内常见单字九、病历表内常见单字十、诊断用具 一、内科常用字汇心血管系统 The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction(AMI)急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram(DCG)心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 月巴大Hypotension Ol压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte白血球Leukocytopenia白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia贫血Aseptic无菌的Septicemia 败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion 输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa黏膜Exhale呼吸Apnea窒息Tachypnea呼吸急促Pneumonia 肺炎Bronchitis支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia说话困难Aphasia失语症Aphonia 失声Dysphagia吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia 胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer 结肠癌Proctoscopy直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual肛门康管External hemorrhoid 夕卜痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis 肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites 腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine SystemGlycemia糖血症Goiter甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus 尿崩症Bromidrosis 汗臭症Pituitary Tumor月囱下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous SystemCerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 月而出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 月几电图Neuritis神经炎Epilepsy 瘢痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis疱偻症Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia四肢麻痹Paraplegia下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening睁眼反应Verbal response 语言Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica坐骨神经痛Chorea舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine偏头痛Parkinsons Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion 转移性损害Osteoporosis骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft骨移植Hallux Valgus大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus内翻Chondromalacia软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis膀胱炎Circumcision包皮环割术Cystoscopy膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis 肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis 精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria排尿困难Hematuria 血尿Uremia尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis耳炎Otorrhea 耳漏Tympanitis 中耳炎Tympanotomy鼓膜穿破术Nasitis 鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria 瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular声带结节Dermatologist皮肤科医师Dermatitis 皮肤炎Cataract白内障Glaucoma青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive 避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia 剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject注射Lipoma脂肪瘤Lipoid脂肪样的Lipomatosis脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis 坏死Nocturia夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia发育不良Dyspepsia消化不良Prognosis预彳度Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion 叩诊Visceralgia 脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause更年期Menorrhagia经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea 经痛Menarche 初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis子宫颈炎Perineum 会阴Endometriosis子宫内膜异位Ovary卵巢Ovarian Cyst卵巢囊肿Ovulation 排卵Vaginitis阴道炎Colposcopy阴道镜检法Galactocele乳腺囊肿Mammography乳房X光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion羊膜Amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement进入产位Estrogen动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara经产妇Parity经产Placenta Previa 前置胎盘Postpartum 产彳爰Postpartum hemorrhage 产彳度出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence 青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain 阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone 黄体素Stillbrith 死产Suture缝合Stump残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma支气管性气喘Bronchitis支气管炎Cephalopematoma 头血肿Erythema 红斑Hypospadia尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hydrocephalus 水脑Hydrocele阴囊积水Polydactylia多指畸形Pyoderma脓皮症Sepsis败血症Tonsillitis扁桃腺炎Encephalitis 脑炎Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia 新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颗裂Diarrhea 腹泻Dental Caries D齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria 蕈麻疹Torticollis 斜颈Vaccine 疫苗Incubator保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria 白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/Rubella 德国麻疹Giant baby 巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B 型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps腮腺炎Respiratory arrest 呼吸停止Roseola infantum幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting 口区吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism自闭症dement痴呆症alzheimers dementia阿尔海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾 substances Intoxication 物质中毒 alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒 amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒 schizophrenia精神分裂病 delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患 phobia畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫性病患 pedophilia 恋童癖 exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism 扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感f青迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑叩athy冷漠irritable易怒的euphoria欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence感情矛盾Flat Affect感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic 不语hyperactivity 5舌动过多hypoactivity活动过少compulsive behavior 弓虽迫行1 为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism阻抗行动Mannerism作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考 poverty of speech 言语贫乏 flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散 illogical thinking不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation失去定向力amnesia记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement判断力derealization 失真感insight病识感no insight无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego自我id原我super ego 超我ego boundary自我界限libido原欲sc叩egoat代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious 前意识transference情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis神经精神病Psychosis神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素 Precipitating Factors 诱发因素 Defense Mechanism 防卫机转 compensation补偿作用 conversion转化作用 denial否认作用 displacement转移作用 dissociation解离作用 fantasy幻想作用 identification 认同作用 introjection内射作用 projection外射作用 retionalization合理化作用 reaction formation 反向作用 degression退化作用 repression潜抑作用 suppression压抑作用 restitution归还作用 sublimation升华作用 substitution取代作用 symbolism象徵作用 undoing抵销作用distortion曲解作用isolation隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认知行为治疗Empathy同理心Resistance 阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness 自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin/globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上B.BE below elbow 月寸下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral 两侧的BK below knee 月泰下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection 胆道感染BUS blood,urine,stool 血液，小便，大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca.Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前彳度胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电月窗断周佥查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria,pertussis,tetanus 白喉，百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear,nose,throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt.Drops 滴GU genitourinary生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HIGH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压的值内出血h.s.at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht.(Het.)Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor 脑内肿瘤I&D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp.Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I&O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open静脉点滴维持通畅Jej.Jejunum 空肠Jt.Joint 关节KKn.Knee 膝KUB Kidney,ureter,baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱 L.LFT liver function test 肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最彳爰一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho.Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c.after meals 饭彳麦PCT Penicillin test盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination:检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o.by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PT A Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d.every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d.four times a day 每日四次q.m.every morning 每日早晨q.n.every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc.Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r.specific gravity 比重S/P status/post operation 手术彳度s-s half 一半St(stat)immediately 立刻Staph.Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌T t.i.d.Three times a day 每日三次TPR Temperature,pulse,respirations 脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count白血球计数YY/0 year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs肺脏venisvessels 血管capillaries 微血管cardi心脏arteriesblood dot 凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System 血液及淋巴系统Blood血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell 白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube 主支气管Alveoii 气泡Pharynx 咽Larynx 喉Trachea 气管Lung 肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips 唇teeth牙齿tongue 舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 月旦囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠rectum直肠anus肛门pancreas 胰stomach 胃esophagus 食道pharynx 咽The Endocrine SystemGlands腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas 胰Pituitary脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra 脊椎Cranium 颅腔Meninges 脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull头骨Clavicle 锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs助骨Joints关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary 膀胱Urethra 尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens 精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland 前歹!腺scrotum 阴囊testis睾丸penis 阴-茎urethra 尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve 听神经Ear耳朵Hearing听觉的tube耳咽管Eardrum耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities 鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct 泪管Conjunctiva 结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve 视神经Obstetrics&Hynecology妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube 输卵管Ovary卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴（外生殖器官）脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 月并版体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间月）cerebral peduncles 大脑脚infundibulum 漏斗hypophysis脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process 捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries 网膜动脉optic nerve 视神经anterior chamber 前眼房 posterior chamber 彳发眼房iris虹膜vitreous body玻璃状体 internal rectus muscle 内直肌 lacrimal puncta 泪孔lacrimal canaliculi 泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管 eyebrow 眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜 external auditory canal 夕卜耳道 semicircular canals 半规管 malleus 锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars大臼齿premolars小臼齿canines 犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口月空前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess 齿槽突hard palate 硬颗palatine tonsil 颗扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1.gastric cancer 胃癌2.pancreatic cancer 胰脏癌3.colon cancer 结肠癌4.rectal cancer 直肠癌5.prostate cancer 胰腺腺癌6.nasotharyngdal carcinona 鼻咽癌7.cervical cancer 子宫颈癌8.lung cancer 肺癌9.esophageal cancer 食道癌10.bladder cancer 膀胱癌11.laryngl caner 喉癌12.ovarian cancer 卵巢癌13.liver cancer 月干癌14.skin cancer 皮肤癌15.breast cancer 乳癌16.leukemia 血癌17.bone cancer 骨癌18.brain tumor MJ19.heart disease 心脏病20.lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school=nursing home 护理学校(nursing home)Private convalescencehospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school)处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine=Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任（Medical man）Internist=intern=intern 实习生（Internist=内科医师）House officer医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students医学院学生（通常3或4学生）intern医院实习生Clinical clerk从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse（R.N.）取得考试许可证Supervisor 督导护士Head nurse 护士长Scrub nurse手术助理护士Practicing physician=physician in practice=practitioner 开业医 生Ambulance=ambulatory救护车（不限於车子只要是搬运病人的船 或飞机）Ambulant可走动 不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient 住院患者可走动（May ambulate,ambulatory,up ad lib,may walk）Malingerer 装病的人（malinger 装病）Paretic麻痹患者Malpractice诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward病房station护理站por恢复室Patient患者，病人Narcotic麻醉药Nurse 护士Doctor D牛Internist内科医生Surgeon外科医生Dentist牙科医生Gynecologist妇科医生Orthopedist骨科医生Oculist眼科医生Pediatrician 小JIM医生Psychiatrist精神病医生Intern实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinical thermometer 体温计Stethoscope 听诊器Reflector反光镜X-ray checkup X 光检查X-ray photograph X 光像片Operation 手术Scalpel手术刀Syringe 针筒Hypodermic needle 注射针Injection 注射Ice bag冰袋Fixation forceps 固定银Medicine,drug 药品Bandage 绷带Absorbent cotton 脱脂棉Gauze纱布Mask 口罩W