高考英语书面表达总动员课件：书面表达备考策略.pdf

5.备考策略1.“五档”作文在眼里一一抓标准完成了试题规定的任务；（2）覆盖了所有内容要点；（3）应用了较多的语法结构和词汇；（4）具备了较强的语言运用能力；（5）有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑;（6）完全达到了预期的写作目的。2.“五档”标准如何抓抓“应用了较多的词汇”解读：词性多样、词汇高级、短语丰富。（2）抓“应用了较多的语法结构”解读：感叹句、倒装句、复合句、强调句、非谓语动词结构、wit h复合结构等。（3）抓“有效使用连接成分”解读：段与段、句与句之间明晰的、合乎逻辑的顺序组织与 安排，做到文意与结构上层次分明、条理清楚。（4）抓“完成规定的任务”解读：对于题干、要点提示、注意事项以及参考词汇要做到；寺旦而幺、石 右二士母“白匕诺/口士小红反1.力保审题过程要“全”审题五方面:审题是高考书面表达的关键第一步，确保审题“全 而不漏”是得高分的基本保证。审题要注意以下五个方面:审文体考生首先要根据情景提示弄清要求写哪种体裁的文章，是记 叙文、说明文、应用文，还是议论文。动笔之前认真审题 并确定写作体裁是至关重要的。（3）审人称审人称，即弄清书面表达要求用哪种人称写作。其中有主要 人称和次要人称，这一点要引起考生足够的重视，因为倘 若人称不对，评卷时阅卷老师就会扣掉相应的分数。（4）审时态审时态，即根据所给材料信息确定短文的基本时态。考生一 定要重视时态，因为如果时态方面的错误过多，评卷时阅 卷老师就会扣除35分。（5）审要点表达出全部要点是得分的基本保证，如果漏掉要点，得分档次 就会被降低，因此考生要细审题,定要点，巧构思，列提 纲。2.力保表达过程要“准”表达两精准：表达是高考书面表达的关键第二步，确保表达“准而不错”是得高分的重要保证。精准运用五大基本句型主语+谓语该句型中的谓语为不及物动词。不及物动词后可以跟副词、介词短语、动词不定式等作状语。A.(2015高考福建卷，书面表达，节选严驾.一 嗤第努力工作/学习，终究会有回报。Most people workB.主语 谓语 because it s,unavoidable.大多数人工作因为这是不可避免的。主语+谓语+宾语在此句型中，谓语为及物动词。及物动词本身需要一个动作 的承受者（即宾语）才可以表达完整的意思。作宾语的可以是名 词、代词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。A.int endt o join a Dragon Boat Training Camp.王语谓语 宾语我打算参加龙舟训练营。B.We may have different opivions主语谓语宾语in organizing classact ivit ies.在组织班级活动方面我们或许有不同的观点。C.By doing so,王语can not only share good ideas谓语宾语wit hot hers but alsolearn t o express myself clearly.并列谓语 宾语通过这样做，我不但能与别人分享好的想法，而且还能学会 清晰地表达自己的观点。It carries art iclesD言谓语宾语 writ t en by foreign friends about t hecult ures of t heir home count ries.它登载了外国朋友写的关于他们自己祖国文化的文章。E.All t he kids declared somet hing一辐 谓语 宾语t hey could do away wit hfor t he week.所有孩子宣布这周他们放弃某些东西。主语+连系动词+表语该句型中，谓语动词不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表 明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语才能表达完整的意 思，这类动词叫连系动词。The reason for my failure主语was系动词t hat I hadn t put my heart int o my st udy.表语我失败的原因在于我没有全心全意地学习。B.The“Foreign Cult ures”sect ion in our newspaperis very popular among us st udent s.系动词 表语我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目很受我们学生欢迎。C.Wit h my great effort s,allt hey 主语became my best friends.系动词 表语在我巨大努力下，他们都成了我最好的朋友。c=our world be greener and deanetD.In wa y主语will蒜词 表语这样，我们的世界将变得更加绿色清洁。主语+谓语+间宾+直宾该句型中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般 间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。a It offers t eenagers ,a chance.A王善 醺藤 间宾，hke you and me,直宾 t o enjoysport s and learn about Chinese cult ure.它给你我这样的青少年提供了一个享受体育的乐趣和学习中 国文化的机会。六八，.t he gave meB.On hearing what I had done t o my mum,主语 祜语 间宾a big hug直宾听到我对母亲所做的一切之后，他给了我一个大大的拥抱。主语+谓语+宾语+宾补（宾语补足语）本句型中的谓语动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能 表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分，如形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等。&I d like t o invit e you t o join us .,A.王话一诵寤一宾语 宾补a visit t o t he nearby nursing home next Sat urday.我想邀请你下周六和我们一起去拜访附近的敬老院。B.Donleave t he wat er running丽宾语 宾补aft er you have washedyour hands.洗手以后不要让水一直流。（2）精准规避三类错误错在各类词汇A.拼写错误a.误：We got st ruc k in t he t raffic jam so we were lat e for t he meet ing.改正：st ruc k改为st uc kB.变化错误b.误：People t hrowed c ans，paper,bags and so on int o t he river wat er.改正：t hrowed改为t hrewc.误：The book present s us a lot of useful informat ions.改 TF informat ionsHfr%informat ionC.词性错误d.误：During my summer vac at ion,I spent half a mont h in t he count ry and played very happy.改正：happy改为happilye.误：Doing a part-t ime job always effec t s st udy.改正：effec t s改为affect s错在语法结构A.时态错误a.误：In t he morning,we had bic yc led in t he suburbs t o plant t rees.改正：had bic yc led改为bic yc ledB.语态错误b.误：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal wit h problems more effec t ively in t heir adult years.改正：raise改为are raisedC.主谓一致错误c.误：My hobby is widespread，whic h inc lude drawing,c ollec t ing st amps and so on.改正：inc lude改为inc ludesD.比较级使用错误d.误：Wit h t he development of t ransport at ion,t he world seems t o be get t ing more and more smaller.改正：more and more smaller改为 smaller and smallerE.非谓语动词使用错误e.误：Comparing wit h ot her count ries,t he count ry pays lit t le at t ent ion t o t he pollut ion.改正：Comparing改为 ComparedF.平行错误f.误：Then I put my book under my desk,opening it and st art ed looking for t he answer.改正：opening改为opened错在汉式思维A.纯汉语式思维和汉语式语序a.误：At t his school st udying,I really very happy.改正：St udying in t his sc hool,I am really happyB.句子成分残缺b.误：There are many st udent s don t support t he project.改正：There are many st udent s who don t support t he project.c.误：On t he ot her hand,dogs are our best friends,bring us a lot of fun.改正：On t he ot her hand,dogs are our best fidends,whic h bring us a lot of fun.C.句子成分赘余d.误:On one day,he went t o t he cinema.i-T TP.Cna rlau ka tArcnl1.运用三大原则，体现美不胜收新颖性原则写作时恰当得体地使用高中学过的，别人可能想不到的词汇，会给阅卷人耳目一新的感觉。但是需注意：既要避免使 用俗词，又要避开冷僻词汇。（2014高考江西卷）In t he c oming t hree years,our school life will be diffic ult.fin t he c oming t hree years,our sc hool life will be challenging.(2)短语优先原则多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。Developing a good habit is also import ant.-Developing a good habit is also of import anc e.(3)避免重复原则尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词，必要时选择使用其他恰当 的同义词或词组来代替。I like reading while my brot her likes wat c hing foot ball mat ches.f I like reading while my brot her enjoys wat c hing foot ball2.频变句型结构，增加得分亮点肯定不如双否好对于考生来说，只要稍加注意，在文章中运用双重否定的句 子可以给自己的书面表达加分。We can imagine what life would be like wit h phones.f We c an t imagine what life would be like wit hout phones.（2）陈述不如倒装妙倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法，它能使文 章内容突出，富有节奏。The library lies in t he cent er of our school.The library is bet ween t he garden and t he t eac hing building.fin t he cent er of our sc hool lies t he library,whic h is bet ween t he garden and t he t eac hing building.I was so excit ed t hat I c ouldn,t wait t o t ry my hand at riding it.f So excit ed was I t hat I couldn?t wait t o t ry my hand at riding it.（3）主动不如被动巧使用被动语态符合英语的习惯，如果书面表达中有一两个被动 语态句子，就会呈现出句型的变化，使整篇文章句型丰富。One day,when we learned t he new word“ecc ent ric”in class 9 t he t eacher asked us t o make a sent ence wit h it.f One day,when we learned t he new word“eccent ric”in c lass,we were asked t o make a sent ence wit h it.（4）简单不如并列、复合强有时为了使句子连贯性更强，表达更贴切、自然，我们在两 个或多个简单句之间加上and,for,or,not only.but also等连词，使其成为并列句；有时根据上下句之间的关 系，在两个或多个简单句之间加上when,as,where,bec ause等从属连词，使简单句变成复合句。I would really like t o int erview him.He is t he first Chinese t o go t o space.He is one of t he great est ast ronaut s in t he world.I would really like t o int erview him bec ause he is not only t he first Chinese t o go t o space but also one of t he great est ast ronaut s in t he world.（5）非谓语动词不能少非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种。巧用非谓 语动词，使书面表达句式丰富多彩，增加高分亮点。In t he pic t ure,we can see a boy in worn c lot hes.He is sit t ing at a shabby wooden t able wit h a pile of books on it.Tn t he pic t ure，we can see a boy in worn c lot hes，sit t ing at a shabby wooden t able wit h a pile of books on it.He is going t o writ e a book.The book is based on t his experience.f He is going t o writ e a book based on t his experience.(6)篇章结构巧连贯在英语写作中，要做到篇章结构连贯，除在内容的组织安排 上要注意前后的逻辑关系外，有时还需要恰当使用能承上 启下的关联词语。First,he showed us t he basic st eps and skills of making dough figurines.We st ood around him and wat ched at t ent ively.Then we st art ed t o have a t ry ourselves.The old man walked around and helped us pat ient ly.Finally,we put t he figurines we made on t he t able and t ook pic t ures wit h t he old craft sman.1.“起”好开头常用开头词汇First,I t hink everyone needs friends and is eager t o get friendship.Nowadays/Recent ly,people in many big c it ies are c omplaining about t he heavy t raffic.To begin wit h,smoking should be banned in public areas.Generally speaking,t he more you prac t ic e，t he more skillfully you can writ e in English.（2）常用开头句式As t he proverb says/As t he saying goes,“Where t here is a will,t here is a way.”As can be seen from t he t able,nearly everyone owns one mobile phone in China.There is no denying t hat successful business lies in a healt hy body and mind.It is well known t hat an elephant is a very kind and gent leanimal.V m exc it ed t o learn t hat we are going t o st art a（3）满分作文选粹As a st udent,I can t ell you t hat t here isnot hing bet t er t han being praised by my t eacher before my classmat es.V m glad t o hear t hat you will come t o our sc hool as an exchange st udent.As is known t o all,shoes play an import ant role in our life,for it can prot ec t our feet from being hurt.2.“承”好上下常用顺承词汇Secondly,we should get up early t o memorize idioms and useful expressions.Obviously,a good learning habit can help us t o speed up t o reac h our dest inat ions.What s more,good books can help us t o develop good charac t ers.I lost my way in t he forest and t o make mat t ers worse/what is worse,it bec ame dark.In addit ion,we shouldn t neglec t t hat everyone want s a friendly and peac eful societ y.Meanwhile/At t he same t ime,I will regard it as my dut y t n kppn mir pnvirnnmpnt cIpati.（2）常用顺承句式Take Beijing for example,it is one of t he oldest c it ies in t he world.What is more serious is t hat we don t cherish wildlife.As far as I am concerned,t hey st and for love,friendship and unit y.（3）满分作文选粹Besides,I have such a good command of English t hat I am elec t ed as assist ant t o my English t eacher.Moreover,it seems t hat he always t hinks more of himself t han of ot hers.What s worse,some drivers.do not t hink it vit al t o obey t raffic rules.3.“转”好过渡常用转折过渡词汇But unfort unat ely,I mind my own business wit hout considering my parent s.However,not unt il t he mat ch was over did we realize t hat we bec ame t he losers.On t he ot her hand,online shopping also has many disadvant ages.On t he cont rary,t he volunt eers always c laim t hat t hey are t ired of t he life on eart h.Cont rary t o what I had originally said,t he t rip t urned out t o be fun.（2）满分作文选粹However,what amazes you most is t hefollowing new funct ion.But now,bec ause my left foot was injured,I c annot go wit h you as planned.4.“合”好结尾常用结尾词汇All in alL t raveling is t he best c hoic e t o recharge ourselves and get ready for t he new challenges.In c onc lusion,a good c it izen should observe t raffic regulat ions.In a word,success is import ant,and so is failure,bec ause it s t he mot her of success.To sum up,environment al prot ec t ion is of great import anc e，which can make us live more comfort ably and healt hily.On t he whole,I find a bike more enjoyable t han a mot orcycle.（2）常用结尾句式r d appreciat e it if you could deliver t hem as soon as possible.It is high t ime t hat we did somet hing t o prevent t he environment from being pollut ed.Only wit h c ombined effort s can we expec t our homet own t o t ake on a new look in t he near fut ure.We c an,t herefore,come t o t he c onc lusion t hat not hing is so prec ious as peac e in t he world.r m sure t hat I st ill have a long way t o go t o ac hieve my dream.No mat t er how diffic ult it is,I will have it comet rue.（3）满分作文选粹In short,not only has t he inc lusion poisoned Chinese,it may also bring about dist anc e bet ween t he Chinese people.In a word，my life will be much richer and more colorful.r 11 be glad if you can consider myrecommendat ion.(2016全国卷I)假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举 办国际中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信。请他提供作品。信的内 容包括：1.主题：环境保护；2.展览时间；3.投稿邮箱：；注忌：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Peter;Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School student Photography Show.The theme of the show is environmental protection.It will start from June15th and last three weeks.Any students who is interested in welcome to participate.I know youtake good pictures and youve always wanted to do something for environmental protection.I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.If you want to join,you can send your photos to .Hope to hear from you soon.YoursLihua试颗分析：本文于半开放作文。要求考生以李华的身份英国朋友Pet er写信，建 议他参加你校俱乐部举办的国际中学生摄影展。文章要使用第一人称和一般现 在时为主的时态。要对：1.校俱乐部举办的国际中学生摄影展，主题为环境保护；2.展览时间6月巧日，持续三周；3.知道对方对摄影展很感兴趣，也恰好有环保方面的图片，希望对方能够参加本 次展览。4.投稿邮箱：int lphot oshowgmsc hool.c om。在写作时，注意书信的格式以及 串联过度用语；同时尽量使用熟悉的词汇和短语，尤其不要出现中国式英语，并在能力所及的范围之内使用复合句或者谚语，增加获得高分的可能性。A假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美 国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：1.栏目介绍；2.稿件内容；3-稿件长度：约4。词；4.交稿日期：6月28日前。注意：1.词数1OO左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好。Dear Pet er,V d like t o ask you t o writ e an art icle for our sc hooFEnglishnewspaper.审题谋篇1.审文体：应用文，属于提纲式作文2.审格式：书信3.审人称：以第三人称为主，第二人称为辅4.审时态：一般现在时5.审要点：注意要点要齐全，包括栏目介绍、稿件内容、稿件长度和交稿日期；写作时注意恰当地使用衔接词和过渡 词，以使文章行文连贯、流畅。满分作文Dear Pet er,I d like t。ask you t。writ e an art icle for our sc hool s English newspaper.The“Foreign Cult ures”sec t ion in our newspaper is very popular among us st udent s.lt carries art icles writ t en by foreign friends about t he cult ures of t heir home count ries.Would you please writ e somet hing about t he cult ure in your part of t he Unit ed St at es?And we would espec ially welcome art icles about how Americ ans spend t heir holidays and fest ivals,and t he life of American high sc hool st udent s.Youcan writ e anyt hing relevant so long as it s int erest ing and informat ive.4 00 words would be fine.Could we have your art icle before June 28?V m looking forward t o hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua能力拓展完成下列学习任务1.句式升级：你可以写有关的东西，只要它有趣并能使人增进知识。彳氐级：You can writ e anyt hing relevant，and it s int erest ing and informat ive.a高级：You can writ e anyt hing relevantit s int erest ing and informat ive.2.句型转换:The“Foreign Cult ures“sec t ion in our newspaper is very popular among us st udent s.The“Foreign Cult ures”sec t ion in our newspaper is well received byeive用被动语态）us st udent s,（非限制性定语从句）has a posit ive effect on our learning lives.假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人 们过重阳节(t he Double Nint h Fest ival)o请给外教露西 写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1.出发及返回时间；2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1.词数ioo左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3.结语已为你写好。Looking forward t o your reply.Yours,T.i Hn审题谋篇1.审文体：应用文，属于提纲式作文2.审格式：电子邮件3-审人称：第一人称4.审时态：一般现在时和一般将来时5-审要点:出发及返回时间；（2）在敬老院的活动 目等。：包饺子、表演节满分作文Dear Lucy,r d like t o invit e you t o join us for a visit t o t he nearby nursing home next Sat urday for t he Double Nint h Fest ival.lt is t he day for t he elderly in ourcult ure.We 11 go and make dumplings and cakes wit h t he elderly people t here.We 11 also spend some fun t ime t oget her singing,danc ing and playing games,whic h we hope will make t hem happy.We should be bac k around 4 o c loc k in t he aft ernoon.If you are able t ocome wit h us,please let us know and we at t he sc hool gat e at 9 in t he morning.Looking forward t o your reply.Yours Li Hua11 wait for you能力拓展完成下列学习任务（句式升级）1.我们将在一起唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏度过美好的时刻，我们 希望这会使他们高兴。彳氐级：We 11 also spend some fun t ime t oget her.We 11 sing,dance and play games.We hope it will make t hem happy.高级:We 11 also spend some fun t ime t oget hersinging,danc in 欧 11d w hich playing games,we hope willmake t hem happy.2.如果你能与我们一起来，请告知我们；我们将在上午9点 在校门口等你。彳氐级：Are you able t o come wit h us?Please let us know.We 11 wait for you at t he jhool gat e at 9 in t he morning.高级：you arq曲le t o come wit h us,please let us know we 11 wait for you at t hesc hool gat e at 9 in t he morning.