形容词、副词比较级、最高级.doc

C -形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的用法

语法梳理

Section A 形容词、副词的比较级

一.形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
1.比较级的概念：比较级表示事物间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……一些”，标志词是than（比）。
Cats are more lovely than other animals.

2.形容词/副词比较级前的修饰语
（1）much/a lot/ a bit/ a little/ slightly/a great deal
She is feeling a lot/much better today.
（2）any/ no/ even/ some/ still（更）
Do you feel any better today?
She is no older than mike.
（3）数词
My sister is ten years younger than me.

3.比较级的特殊搭配
1) “比较级+and+比较级”表示 “越来越……”
eg: He becomes fatter and fatter. 他越来越胖了。
2)“The +比较级…，the +比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”
The busier he is ,the happier he feels他越忙就越高兴。
The more ,the better.越多越好。
3)the+比较级(+of the two)：表示“两者中较……的那个人或物”。
He is the taller of the two.
4)the more… the more… 越……越……
The harder you worker, the greater you will make.
5)more than 不仅仅是
less than 不到
no less than 不少于
6)as+形容词/副词 原级+as… (与…一样）
否定词语+ so…as：表示最高级含义。如：
Nothing is so easy as this.没有比这更简单的了。The story is as interesting as that one.
7)表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语，放在as的前面
She can read twice as fast as you do.
8)no +比较级+ than：表示对两者的否定，意为“和…一样不…”；“not+比较级+than”表示前者不如后者。如：
Tom is no taller than Mike.
=Neither Tom nor Mike is tall. =Tom is as short as Mike.
Tom is not taller than Mike.
9)比较级+than any other+单数名词：表示最高级意义。如：
Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.(=Mike is the most intelligent in his class.)
能力提升

用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. His handwriting is ______(good) than any other student in class.
2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.
4. She will be much ______ (happy) in her new house.
5. The short one is far _______ (expensive) than others.
6. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.

翻译句子：
1． 本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _____ _____ _____ that one.
2． 你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _______ ______ ______ of the two.
3． 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.
4． 他比我大两岁。He is _____ ______ ______ than I.
5.他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming ______ _____ _______ _____ ______ English.
6.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _______ he gets.

单选：
1.（2002年黄冈市）—I’m getting fatter and fatter. What should I do, doctor?
—You’d better eat ________ food and take ________ exercise.
A. less; less B. more; more C. more; less D. less; more
2.（2009，达州）——Kevin, is your twin brother the same as you?
——No, I’m ______ than him.
A.a little thin B.very thinner C.much thinner D. a little thinner
3.(2010,南充）I have changed a lot in the last few years .Now I’m ______
than before and I’m more outgoing.
A. much tall B.much taller C.more taller
4.（2001年厦门市）When winter comes, the days get ________.
A. short and short B. shorter and shorter
C. long and long D. longer and longer
5.（2003年厦门市）—I will give you some picture books.
—The ________, the ________.
A. more; better B. many; better C. most; best D. much; better
6.(2009.南充）——Dick, is Dick your twin brother?
——Yes,and I’m 1cm ______than him.
A.more tall B.taller C. more taller
7.(2010.重庆）We’re happy that our country has developed ______these years than before.
A. quickly B.less quickly C.more quickly D.most quickly
8.(2010.眉山）—— I think folk music is less popular than classical music .
——I don’t agree with you. Classical music is ______folk music .
A.as popular as B.so popular as C.more popular than
9.(2011,内江）——What a hot day!
——The weather report says it will be much ______tomorrow.
A.hot B.hotter C.hottest
10.（2002年辽宁省）Which would you like ________, basketball or football?
A. good B. better C. best D. well
11.(2011,凉山）——What a careful boy you are!
——Thank you. In fact ,Tom does everything ______than me .
A.more carefully B.more careful C.much careful
12.(2011,德阳）——Do you know what has happened in Japan recently?
——The earthquake ! It’s ______one that I have ever heard of.
A.a very serious B.a more serious C.the most serious
13.(2011,德阳）My sister has practiced tennis for a long time.She plays tennis ______you.
A.as good as B.so well as C.as well as

Section B 形容词、副词的最高级

一. 形容词副词最高级用法
(1)三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前则可要可不要。
He is the youngest in our class.他是我们班年龄最小的。
Which do you like best?你最喜欢哪一个？
(2)表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which/Who is＋the＋最高级，A，B or C？”结构。
Who is the oldest，Mary，Nancy or Lily? 谁的年龄最大，玛丽，南希还是莉莉？
(3)表示“最……的……之一”时用“one of the＋形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后面的名词要用复数形式。
The pen is one of the most beautiful pens. 这支钢笔是最漂亮的钢笔之一。
(4)形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 在中国，黄河是第二长河。
(5)形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，但此时不能再用定冠词the。
Tomorrow will be my busiest day.
明天将是我最忙碌的一天。
(6)形容词比较级可以表示最高级含义。
Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.
李雷是班上最高的学生。
＝Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.
李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。
＝Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.
李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。
＝Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.
李雷比班上其他任何人都高。
(7) 最高级不表示“最……”的用法。
形容词最高级前如果没有定冠词the，就没有比较的意思，只是用来加强语气，有“很，非常”之意。
You have probably never heard of Amy Hays, but she is a most unusual woman.(九年级Unit13，Page102，paragraph 2，line1)

二.标志词：
(1) in+大范围,
(2) among（表示位置） 处在…中; （表示范围） 在…之内
(3) of all或of +the+具体的数字（大于2）

三.特殊用法
（1）序数词通常只修饰最高级
Africa is the second largest continent.
（2）最高级的意义有时能用比较级表示出来
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.= mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
（3）不用比较级和最高级的形容词

注意：在一定的上下文中，形容词最高级后面的名词可省去处。
He is the youngest in the class.
能力提升

1．--Do you know Lin Shuhao?
-Yes. He is one of _______ basketball players in the NBA.
A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular
2．There isn’t an airport near where I live. The _______ one is about 90 miles away.
A. busiest B. farthest C. newest D. nearest
3．Chiang Mai (清迈) has been one of _______ tourist places for Chinese since the movie Lost in Thailand (《泰囧》) was shown.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest
4．Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River, the second ________ river in China, passes through.。
A. long B. longest C. longer D. length
5．At the Beijing Olympics, Bolt broke the 100-meter and 200-records and became the _____man in the world.
A. fastest B. heaviest C. tallest D. slowest
6．—Miss Gao has ____________ free time than Mr Green.
—I think so. She is busy every day.
A. much B. less C. more D. fewer
7．---If there are ______ people driving , there will be ______ air pollution.
--- Yes, the air will be fresher.
A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less
8．—Do you know Wugong Mountain is the first _______ one in our province.
—Yes, it’s famous for its grassland on the top.
A. high B. higher C. highest D. highly
9．－Hi, Tom, which is the _______ street in your city?
－High Street. Many people go shopping there.
A. busy B. busiest C. quieter D. quieter
10．－Many boy students think math is ______ English.
－I agree. I’m weak in English.
A. much difficult than B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than D. more difficult than
11．— What do you think of the play?
— I enjoy it very much. It’s the ______ one I have ever seen.
A. worse B. better C. worst D. best
12．The Changjiang River is one of ________ in the world.
A. the longest river B. the longest rivers C. the longer river D. longest river
13．–Why do you like climbing mountains?
--Because they are there and climbing is _____thing I have ever done.
A. the more exciting B. the most exciting
C. the more excited D. the most excited
14．Chicago isn’t so famous __________ Washington D. C. . However, it’s the third __________ city in the USA.
A. like; largest B. as; largest
C. like; large D. as; large
15．I’m very proud of that Beijing is one of __________ cities in the world.
A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest

C -形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的变化形式

语法梳理

形容词、副词比较级和最高级的变化规则
一般情况下：

原 级
比 较 级
最 高 级
一般在词尾加-er /ə/或-est /ist/
cold
colder
coldest
fast
faster
fastest
以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r 或-st
nice
nicer
nicest
large
larger
largest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；再加-er或-est
big
bigger
biggest
hot
hotter
hottest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est
easy
easier
easiest
early
earlier
earliest
在词前加more或most
serious
more serious
most serious
interesting
more interesting
most interesting
其它不规则的变化：
原形
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/ill/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther
farthest

复习巩固：形容词、副词比较级最高级变化形式归纳
形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

规则变化 
◇单音节以及少数双音节的词后面直接加-er , -est
原级
比较级
最高级
tall

smart

short

◇以不发音的e结尾只加-r，-st
原级
比较级
最高级
nice

fine

large

◇“以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er, -est
原级
比较级
最高级
easy

pretty

happy

funny

busy

◇以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
原级
比较级
最高级
slim

thin

hot

big

 特别提醒：new, few, slow等词，不用双写。

◇大部分双音节词和多音节的词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，要在前面加 more，most
原级
比较级
最高级
beautiful

important

interesting

expensive

popular

 特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，
如unhappy----unhappier----unhappiest, untidy----untidier----untidiest 

◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most
原级
比较级
最高级
slowly

quickly

angrily

softly

noisily

特别提醒：early ----earlier----earliest 

◇由-ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。 
原级
比较级
最高级
interesting

excited

tired

boring

写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级形式
good______ _______ much/many______ ______old______ ______
little______ ______ bad/badly _____ _______ far____ _____
小结

选择题
1. I know this plan is far from perfect, but I just can’t think of           one. (2013无锡)
A. a better                    B. the better                  C. a best                D. the best
2. Of all the subjects, English is __________ for me. (2013淮安)
A. interesting                                                 B. more interesting  
C. the most interesting                                     D. much more interesting
3. I’m surprised that John is only 25. I thought he was ________, for he seems to be in his thirties. (2013南京)
      A. old                B. older             C. young         D. younger
4. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed，but of Course not ______a local speaker in China. (2013苏州）
      A. so fluently as                                          B. more fluent than
      C. as fluent as                                            D. much fluently than
5. At present, lots of people would rather            in the country because there is           pollution in the city. (2013宿迁)
A. live;  more              B. to live; less               C. live; less            D. to live; more
(   ) 6. There isn’t an airport near where I live. The ___ one is about 90 miles away. (2013盐城）
A. busiest               B. farthest              C. newest         D. nearest
(   ) 7. ----What did you think of our performance on the charity show? (2013南通)
----Wonderful! I don’t think I can see a ________ one.
A. bad                       B. worse                    C. good               D. better 
8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.
9.（2009，四川资阳）Sydney is one of ______cities in the world.
A. beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D. the most beautiful
10.(2009,南充）The seats in the middle of the cinema are ______of all.
A.better B.good C.the best
11.(2011.南充）China is one of ______ countries in the world .
A.larger B.largest C.the largest
12.（2001年大连市）I’d like to know if Li Tao is ________ second tallest boy in his class.
A. a B. an C. the D. ×
13.（2000年天津市）Which do you like ________, tea, orange or water?
A. good B. well C. best D. better
14.（2000年辽宁省）Miss Li is one of ________ in our school.
A. a popular teacher B. more popular teacher
C. most popular teacher D. the most popular teachers
15.(2011,眉山）——Which color do you like ______,yellow , green or black?
——Green.
A.good B. well C. better D.best
16.（2002年北京市东城区）
—In our English study reading is more important than speaking, I think.
—I don’t agree with you. Speaking is ________ reading.
A. as important as B. so important as
C. the most important D. the same as
17.（2003年黑龙江省）Jim is running ________ Bruce. They’re neck and neck.
A. faster than B. as fast as C. as faster as D. more slowly than
18.（2000年黑龙江省）Lesson Three is ________ Lesson Two. It’s much more difficult.
A. not so easy as B. easier than
C. as difficult as D. less difficult than
19.（2002年厦门市）This story is not ________ as that one.
A. more interesting B. less interesting C. so interested D. so interesting
20.（2002年广东省）The boy doesn’t speak ________ his sister, but his written work is very good.
A. as well as B. so good as C. more better than D. more worse than
21.（2002年河北省）Now Helen works ________ than before.
A. more carefully B. more careful C. much careful D. much carefully
22.（2002年甘肃省）It takes ________ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train.
A. more B. fewer C. longer D. less
23.（2003年北京市海淀区）It is ________ today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon?
A. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter
24.（2003年河北省）The population of Shanghai is ________ than that of Shijiazhuang.
A. smaller B. larger C. less D. large
25.（2000年重庆市）Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose _______ one.
A. less expensive B. the least expensive
C. the less expensive D. the most expensive
26.（2003年重庆市）Of the two Australian students, Masha is ________ one. I think you can find her easily.
A. tallest B. the taller C. taller D. the tallest
27.（2000年山西省）—Which is the ________ season of the year? —Summer.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hotest
28.（2000年内蒙古自治区）Of all the stars, the sun is ________ to the earth.
A. farthest B. the farthest C. nearest D. the nearest
29.（2001年天津市）Of all the subjects, I like Chinese ________.
A. more B. better C. well D. best
30.（北京市西城区）John is my ________ friend of all the classmates.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
31.（2000年上海市）Jinmao Tower is ________ building in Shanghai.
A. high B. tall C. highest D. the highest
32.（2002年甘肃省）Li Ping writes ________ in his class.
A. more careful B. more carefully
C. most careful D. most carefully
33.（2002年兰州市）Who’s ________ in your class?
A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest
34.（2000年天津市）This street is much ________ than that one.
A. straight B. straighter C. straightest D. more straighter
35.（2001年上海市）30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it’s ________ th