语法填空+短文改错组合练(四).doc

语法填空短文改错组合练(四)题组(一).语法填空(2017四川成都高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测)Over 2,200 years ago, Chengdu was threatened by frequent floods. Li Bing, together with his son, decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River _1_ (prevent) flooding. _2_ having a long study and a lot of hard work by the local people, the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed. Since then, the Chengdu Plain _3_ (be) free of flooding and the people have been living peacefully and wealthily.It is the _4_ (old) and only surviving nodam irrigation system in the world. It is also _5_ wonder in the development of Chinese science. The project consists of three important parts, namely Yuzui, Feishayan and Baopingkou, which were _6_ (science) designed to control the water flow of the rivers throughout the year.There is a glorious bridge called the Anlan Cable Bridge crossing the Minjiang River above Yuzui, _7_ you can clearly see the entire system. The great _8_ (construct) originally started before the Song Dynasty. At that time, the body of the bridge was constructed with wooden blocks and the handrails (扶手) were made of bamboo. Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee the security of _9_ (visit) from home and abroad. Seen from afar, the bridge looks like a rainbow _10_ (hang) over the river.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成都都江堰水利工程的建造过程、世界地位、历史价值以及该工程的现状。【段意梳理】第一段：为阻止成都遭受洪水侵扰，李冰父子决定修建都江堰水利工程。第二段：都江堰水利工程的世界地位和历史意义。第三段：安澜索桥横跨岷江，在那里可以看到都江堰水利工程的全貌。1解析：to prevent考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，李冰和他的儿子在岷江设计灌溉系统的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛滥，故此处应用动词不定式表示目的。2解析：After考查介词。在经过长期调研和地方群众的艰苦工作之后，都江堰水利工程完工。after意为“在之后”，符合语境。3解析：has been考查时态。句意：从那时起，成都平原不再受洪水侵扰，人们过着和平、富裕的生活。根据该句中的“Since then”及“have been”可知，该句应用现在完成时。4解析：oldest考查形容词最高级。根据该句中的the和“in the world”可知，都江堰水利工程是世界上现存最古老的无坝水利工程，故用最高级。5解析：a考查不定冠词。句意：它也是中国科学发展历史上的一个奇迹。这里泛指“一个奇迹”，故用不定冠词。6解析：scientifically考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。7解析：where考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。8解析：construction考查名词。根据空前的形容词“great”可以判断，空处被形容词修饰，故用名词形式。9解析：visitors考查名词的数。这里指“保证国内外游客的安全”，故用名词的复数形式。10解析：hanging考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，这座桥就像是悬挂在江上方的彩虹。空处与rainbow存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。.短文改错(2017重庆二模)Alice, my best friend, devotes many energy to her lessons. She is always one of the top student in our class. She loves the music so much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time. Alice is always willing to help other, and she often helps us with our lessons. As a volunteer, she has successful organized some voluntary activities. We paid a visit a nursing home last month, so we picked up rubbish near our school. That we did was warmly welcomed. Win honor for our school, Alice is well known to our classmates.答案：Alice, my best friend, devotes energy to her lessons. She is always one of the top in our class. She loves music so much that she it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time. Alice is always willing to help ， and she often helps us with our lessons. As a volunteer, she has organized some voluntary activities. We paid a visit a nursing home last month, we picked up rubbish near our school. we did was warmly welcomed. honor for our school, Alice is well known to our classmates.第一处：manymuchenergy作“精力；活力”之意时，为不可数名词，应用much修饰；many用于修饰可数名词复数。故将many改为much。第二处：studentstudentsstudent为可数名词，其前有one of.，表示“之一”，因此，此处应用复数形式。故将student改为students。第三处：删除themusic为抽象名词，此处表泛指，其前不加定冠词。故将the删除。第四处：mademakes根据in her spare time可知，此处描述的是通常情况，故用一般现在时，与前面的She loves时态一致。故将made改为makes。第五处：otherothers根据下文she often helps us with our lessons可知，艾丽斯总是乐于帮助其他人，应用代词others。故将other改为others。第六处：successfulsuccessfully分析句子结构可知，organized为动词，故用副词修饰。故将successful改为successfully。第七处：在visit后加topay a visit to. 为固定搭配，意为“拜访”。故在visit后加to。第八处：soand 根据语境，上个月我们做了两件事，“去了疗养院”及“在学校附近捡垃圾”，不存在因果关系，两者之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故将so改为and。第九处：ThatWhat分析句子结构可知，此处是主语从句，从句中谓语动词did之后缺宾语，故用what引导该从句，意为“我们做的事受到了热烈的欢迎”。故将That改为What。第十处：WinWinning分析句子结构可知，主语为Alice, is为谓语，故此处应用非谓语动词形式，又由于Alice与win之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此，应用现在分词作状语。故将Win改为Winning。题组(二).语法填空(2017河北石家庄高三复习教学质量检测二)Felicity, Miller, a 32yearold British woman, _1_ has a Chinese husband, still remembers the _2_ (excite) when she first learned to use the “red packet” function on WeChat in 2015. She sent and grabbed some red packets in her Chinese familys group. The rule in her family was that the person who grabbed the _3_ (high) amount sent the next.Attracted by the unique way of communicating, many foreigners _4_ (join) in sending and grabbing red packets so far. Usually, the money in each packet is random. Thus the amount of money one can grab _5_ (large) depends on his or her luck, from 0.01 yuan to less than 200 yuan. Many foreigners get more familiar _6_ Chinese culture through “red packets”. Two years ago, when Felicity Miller was sent 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, she had no clue about the _7_ (hide) meanings. Now, she has not only known about them, but also has sent a few.However, the popularity of virtual red packets doesnt stop people sending paper red packets _8_ (contain) real cash during the Spring Festival. It _9_ (call) lucky money. In Chinese tradition, people take giving children lucky money as _10_ blessing.【解题导语】许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。但是真正的纸质红包并未被替代，在春节时人们给孩子压岁钱以表示对孩子的祝福。1解析：who考查定语从句。分析本句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为a 32yearold British woman，故用who引导该定语从句。2解析：excitement考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知，空处用名词形式。3解析：highest考查最高级。根据语境并结合常识可知，抢到红包金额最高的人要发下一个红包，故用最高级。4解析：have joined考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“so far”可知，到目前为止，已经有许多外国人被“微信红包”这一特殊的交流方式吸引，并参与了抢红包和发红包。据此可知，本句用现在完成时。5解析：largely考查副词。空处修饰动词短语“depends on”，故用副词形式。6解析：with考查固定搭配。许多外国人通过“微信红包”更加熟悉中国文化。get familiar with为固定搭配，意为“熟悉”。7解析：hidden考查形容词。Felieity Miller不知道这两个数字后的隐藏意义。根据空前的冠词the和空后的名词meanings可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故填hidden。8解析：containing考查现在分词。paper red packets和动词contain之间是主谓关系且contain与句子谓语之间无连词，故用现在分词短语作名词paper red packets的后置定语。9解析：is called考查动词的时态和语态。这种纸质的红包被称为“压岁钱”。根据句意可知，主语It和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；本句陈述的是一般现象，故用一般现在时。10解析：a考查不定冠词。人们将给孩子压岁钱作为一种祝福。此处泛指“一种祝福”，故用不定冠词。.短文改错(2017烟台诊断)Li Ming is a friend of mine. Im glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years before. He got tired so easy that he couldnt take exercise, that made him very upset. Later, he realized unless he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing. So he made up his minds to make a change. He went running every morning and played the basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome it with great determination and strong willpower.答案：Li Ming is a friend of mine. Im glad he changed greatly in the past two years. I clearly remember he was quite fat two years . He got tired so that he couldnt take exercise, made him very upset. Later, he realized he went on like that, he would end up nothing. So he made up his to make a change. He went running every morning and played basketball every afternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables less meat. Gradually he began to lose weight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcome with great determination and strong willpower.第一处：在changed前加has根据时间状语in the past two years(在过去的两年里)可知，此处表示从过去开始发生的动作，并对现在造成了影响。因此，应用现在完成时。故在changed前加has。第二处：beforeago根据上下文可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，“时间段ago”表示“以前”，与一般过去时连用。故将before改为ago。before表示“(时间上)在以前”，常用于时间状语之前。第三处：easyeasilyeasy是形容词，但此处用于修饰动词短语got tired，应用副词。故将easy改为easily。第四处：thatwhich或在that前加and分析句子结构得知，本句中的逗号后要么是一个非限制性定语从句，要么是and连接的并列分句。如果是非限制性定语从句，则不能用that引导，先行词为前面一整句话，应用which引导该从句；此处也可看作两个并列分句，that为代词，两者之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故将that改为which或在that前加and。第五处：unlessifhe went on like that(他继续像那样)是he would end up. nothing的条件，因此应用if引导条件状语从句。故将unless改为if。第六处：achieveachievingend up为固定搭配，意为“以告终”，up是介词，后接名词或动名词，故将achieve改为achieving。第七处：mindsmindmake up ones mind为固定搭配，意为“下定决心做某事”，其中mind是抽象名词，不用复数形式。故将minds改为mind。第八处：删除thebasketball为表示球类的名词，其前不加定冠词。故删除the。第九处：orandmore vegetables和less meat之间是并列关系，而不是选择关系，因此，应用连词and连接。故将or改为and。第十处：itthemovercome(战胜)后的代词指代前面提到的problems，为复数形式，故将it改为them。题组(三).语法填空(2017东北三校二模)Over the past years Starbucks coffee _1_ (become) a coffee chain store. The cafes dont sell coffee; they sell _2_ very atmosphere. They offer customers the perfect atmosphere _3_ which to take time out and relax. Every single store throughout the world is furnished in a romantic style and _4_ (special) meant to be cozy, private and quiet: earthtoned (褐色调) space, fancy wall paper, lovely paintings, _5_ (amaze) background and irresistible coffee smell. The most fantastic decoration style about Starbucks _6_ (design) with oversized chairs and tables outside the store. When _7_ comes to a sunny afternoon, I love to take a seat outside, _8_ (bathe) in the afternoon sunshine, and listening to the lovely music _9_ tasting the most terrific Cappuccino. This is exactly what I love in here the Starbucks! This is the cafe I love not merely because of the cafe itself, but also because of the _10_ (feel) it brings me.【文章大意】本文给我们介绍了星巴克咖啡连锁店的一些情况。1解析：has become考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“Over the past years”可知，应用现在完成时。故填has become。2解析：the考查固定用法。the very意为“正是，就是”，为固定用法。故填the。3解析：in考查介词。分析句子结构可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是“atmosphere”，在从句中作状语，应用inwhich。故填in。4解析：specially考查词性转换。修饰动词短语“meant to be cozy.”，应用副词specially。5解析：amazing考查词性转换。修饰名词“background”，应用形容词amazing。6解析：is designed考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空格处是谓语动词，文章的主体时态是一般现在时，且主语“The most fantastic decoration style”与design是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is designed。7解析：it考查固定句型。本句考查的是固定句型when it comes to.“当谈到的时候”。故填it。8解析：bathed考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语动词；且be bathed in为固定搭配，意为“沐浴于，被笼罩”，作非谓语动词时省略be动词。故填bathed。9解析：while/when考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”。故用when/while。10解析：feeling考查词性转换。定冠词the后应修饰名词，故用feeling。.短文改错(2017山西考前适应性测试)The person who touched me most is an unknown lady. I study in a city school but lives in a village 15 kilometers away. One afternoon, I receive a call from my family saying my mom was serious ill. I hurried to the bus station, only find the last bus had left. Feel anxious, I decided to walk home. On the way a car stopped and the driver asked me that I needed help. Worried about being cheated, I said anything. But she was such sincere that I finally accepted her offer. When we reached my village, it was dark. Seeing her car out of the sight, I was in tear. Whenever I think of her, I always feel grateful.答案：The person who touched me most is an unknown lady. I study in a city school but in a village 15 kilometers away. One afternoon, I a call from my family saying my mom was ill. I hurried to the bus station, only find the last bus had left. anxious, I decided to walk home. On the way a car stopped and the driver asked me I needed help. Worried about being cheated, I said . But she was sincere that I finally accepted her offer. When we reached my village, it was dark. Seeing her car out of sight, I was in . Whenever I think of her, I always feel grateful.第一处：liveslive此句的主语是I，为第一人称，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词不能使用第三人称单数。故将lives改为live。第二处：receivereceived根据时间状语One afternoon，再结合本句及下文可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，因此需用一般过去时。故将receive改为received。第三处：seriousseriously根据句意，妈妈病得很重，ill为形容词，需用副词修饰。故将serious改为seriously。第四处：在only后加to句意为：我急忙赶到车站，却发现最后一班车已经开走了。“only不定式”在句中作状语，表示出乎意料的结果。故在only后加to。【刷有所得易混】现在分词也可作状语，但表示自然而然的结果。第五处：FeelFeeling句中已有谓语动词decided，因此，feel应用非谓语动词形式；feel与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故将Feel改为Feeling。第六处：thatif/whether根据语境，车停下来，司机问“我”是否需要帮助，故应用if/whether引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语。that引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用，无意义。第七处：anythingnothing根据上文内容可知，作者担心被骗，所以应该是不说话。故将anything改为nothing。第八处：suchso句意为：但是她如此真诚，我最终接受了她的帮助。sincere意为“真诚的”，为形容词，须用so修饰，而such应该修饰名词。故将such改为so。第九处：删除theout of sight是固定短语，意为“看不见；在视线范围之外”，sight前不加冠词。故将the删除。第十处：teartearsin tears为固定短语，意为“流着泪；含着眼泪”。题组(四).语法填空(2017甘肃第一次诊断)Nowadays, more and more people have chances to travel, study, work or even live abroad. It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general _1_ (rule) for polite behavior.If you _2_ (invite) to an American friends home for dinner, first of all, arrive approximately on time (but not early). Americans expect promptness (准时)When youre invited to someones home for a meal, _3_ is polite to bring a small gift. Flowers or candies are always appropriate. If you have an attractive item _4_ (make) in your native country, your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift.Wearing proper clothes and a beautiful smile is simply not enough. Table manners are also of great _5_ (important). Do not open your mouth to talk, _6_ you have swallowed your food. Also, chew food with your mouth _7_ (close). When you want to get the food that is at a distance, do not stretch your hands to reach _8_ it. Instead, ask for the food to be passed to you.Dont leave _9_ (immediate) after dinner, but dont overstay your welcome, either. When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation, take their behavior as a signal to leave. The next day, call or write _10_ thankyou note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.体裁：说明文题材：社会文化主题：风俗礼仪【语篇导读】如今，人们有越来越多的机会出国旅游、学习甚至定居。本文以在美国被邀请去别人家做客时应该注意的一些(餐桌)礼仪为例，向我们介绍了在异国他乡和外国人接触时应注意的一些规则。1解析：rules考查名词单复数。rule为可数名词，前有these修饰，所以用复数形式。故填rules。句意为：为了举止礼貌，你很有必要记住这些一般规则。2解析：are invited考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：如果你被邀请去一个美国朋友的家里共进晚餐，首先你要准时到达(但是不要早到)。本文介绍的是客观情况，且根据主句为一般现在时可知，从句也应用一般现在时；you与invite之间为被动关系，即“你被邀请”，应用被动语态。故填are invited。3解析：it考查代词。句意为：当你被邀请去某人家里用餐时，带一个小礼物是很有礼貌的。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to bring a small gift。故填it。【测训诊断】本题易误填this或that，用于指代，但此处缺乏形式主语，而this或that不能用作形式主语。4解析：made考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果你带了一件在你的祖国制造的漂亮的礼品，男主人或女主人一定会喜欢收到这个礼物。If引导的是一个状语从句，且从句中已有谓语动词have，因此，make应用非谓语动词形式；item和make之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填made。5解析：importance考查词性转换。句意为：餐桌礼仪也很重要。设空前有介词of和形容词great修饰，应用名词形式；be of importance意为“重要的”，相当于be important。6解析：unless考查连词。句意为：除非你已咽下食物，否则不要张嘴说话。根据句意可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，故填unless。7解析：closed考查词性转换。句意为：此外，咀嚼食物时，嘴要闭着。此处为with的复合结构，根据句意，设空处表示“闭着的”这种状态，所以用过去分词转化的形容词作宾语补足语。故填closed。8解析：for考查介词。句意为：当你想吃离你较远的食物时，不要伸手去够。reach for为固定搭配，意为“伸手去够”。故填for。9解析：immediately考查词性转换。句意为：晚饭后不要立刻离开，但也不要逗留过长时间，以免不受欢迎。设空处修饰动词leave，作状语，应用副词形式。故填immediately。10解析：a考查冠词。句意为：第二天给主人打个电话或写一张表示感谢的便条，表明你是多么喜欢前一天晚上的招待。设空处表泛指，指“一张便条”，应用不定冠词。故填a。.短文改错(2017四川绵阳第二次诊断)I prefer my English classes to be taught only in English. As we are all know, a good learning environment is vital unless we want to study English well. Classes teaching in English provide students with good environment. However, there are also some problem with this teaching method. As we hadnt mastered enough English words, sometimes we may find that difficult to follow the teacher. Slow l