重点语法There-be-句型和方位介词短语.doc

(完整word)重点语法There be 句型和方位介词短语
重点语法　There be 句型和方位介词短语。
重点句型　 There are two bedrooms and a a small study。
There is a lamp， a computer, some books and so on.
-Is there a computer in your study? —Yes， there is.
Don't put them here。 Put them away。
重点讲解
1 It's on the second floor.
在哪一层楼,用介词on.on表示在……上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二（的）。
　　 巧辩异同 two与second　　
two是基数词，second是序数词，“第二"或“第二的”，指排列顺序。
2 in 在……里面，是方位介词.in the box in the classroom
Is there…？ 表示某地存在……吗？其肯定回答是：Yes, there is. 否定回答No， there isn’t.它的复数形式为Are there…? 其肯定回答是：Yes, there are. 否定回答No, there aren’t。
3 巧辩异同 there be与 have
（1） there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。
（2) have“有"，指人或某物“拥有”。The is a dog in the picture。 The dog has two big eyes.
注:there be 遵循就近原则。be 用is还是are,取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。
4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用at. 如have a look at your watch.
5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。
talk with/to “与某人交谈"
6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：What's+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。
7 play with“和……玩耍”，“玩”　　 play with sb。　“与某人一起玩”
8 put away 把……放好
9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take care of。
look at看…… look like看起来像…… look for寻找 look the same看起来一样
10 巧辩异同in the tree与on the tree
（1) in the tree 指外来物体在树上.
(2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。
11 巧辩异同like doing与like to do
like doing 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。
　　 like to do 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢.与love to do相似。
12 I’m very glad to get a letter from you。我很高兴收到你的来信。
get a letter from sb。 收到某人的来信＝hear from sb.
当堂检测
( ）1。 There _____ a tall tree and some chairs at the back of this community.
A. am B. is C。 are D. be
( ）2。—What can you see _____ the left of the yard？
—A small garden and some tall trees.
A。 by B. at C. on D. in
( )3.—Could you help me _____ these books to the classroom?
—No problem。 Let's go。
A。 taking B。 not take C. take D。 takes
( ）4.—_____ bread do we need， Mom?
—Two kilos， I think。
A。 How many B. How often C。 How long D. How much
( )5。—Do you often _____ your parents？
-No, seldom.
A. write a letter B。 write to C. writes to D. writing to
( )6。 The old man lives _____ the second floor. He usually goes out for a walk after dinner.
A. in B. on C. under D. to
（ ）7。—Where is the teacher’s desk, Kangkang?
—Oh， it's _____ the classroom。
A. in the front of B. in the front C. in front D. in front of
( ）8。 Aunt Li isn’t at home。 Can you help her _____ her baby?
A. look like B。 look after C。 look around D。 look for
( )9.—Where is Guangzhou?
—Let’s _____ the map of China。
A。 have a look B. have a look at C。 look D. look after
( )10。 Judy, don’t put your keys here。 _____, please.
A. Put them away B。 Put up them
C. Put them up D. Put away them
Topic2
重点语法　There be 句型 Wh—questions
重点句型　 What’s your home like？ What’s the matter？
Sorry, I can't hear you。 I'll get someone to check it right now.
There is something wrong with my kitchen fan。
重点讲解
1 house with three bedrooms。有三间卧室的房子。　　with “有，带有"。
　　 With还可以意为“和（某人/某物)在一起"
2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。
(1） for表示“给……”表示目的或功能。后接物主代词或名词，但通常带's.或者后接表示无生命物体的名词.Here is a letter for you.
(2）of的含义为“属于某人/某事物”.She is a friend of Lily’s. = Shes is Lily’s friend.
3 What’s the matter？怎么了?该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：What’s the matter with sb。/sth。某人或某物出了什么毛病. What’s the matter？ = What's wrong？
4 I hear you playing the piano。我听见你在弹钢琴。
hear…doing sth。“听见……在做某事”,强调正在进行的动作。
hear…do sth.“听见……做了某事"，强调全过程。
hear about sth。听到关于某事物的消息 hear from sb。接到某人的来信、电话等
hear of sb./sth。听到或知道某人或某事物的情况
5 a lot of = lots of许多 后接可数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于much，用于肯定句中；但是注意:如果是否定句，刚常用many或much。
6 be far from… 离……远(抽象距离) be…away from…离……远（具体距离）
My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.
7 There is something wrong with sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。
8 I’ll get someone to check it right now。我马上派人去检查。
get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 someone=somebody某人
right now= at once= right away马上,立刻
语法讲解 There be…（表示“有”）用法
1。“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物"；地点状语也可放在句首,有时可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures。
2。它的疑问形式是将“be”提到“there”之前。 Are thery any books on the desk?
3。 它的否定形式是在“be”后加“not”。
4。 There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。
（ )1。-___________ —It’s an apartment building.
A. What’s your home? B。 Where's your house？
C. What kind of house do you live in？ D。Where’s the home？
( ）2。—_______ much water in the glass? -No， only a little!
A. Are there B。 There are C。 Is there D. There is
( )3。-Would you like me to help you?—_____________
A. Sorry, I don’t know. B。 No problem. C。 This way, please。 D。 Yes， thanks.
( )4. Kangkang’s home is not _____ the school。 He usually goes to school on foot.
A。 far from B. away from C. far away D。 far
（ )5。 Look! There are so many students _______ in the pool。
A. swim B。 are swimming C。 swims D. swimming
( ）6。—Do you like living in this community？ —Yes, of course。 I ________ here!
A. had a colorful life B. having a colorful life C。 have colorful life D。 have a colorful life
（ ）7。 The old woman lives _____ a house _____ a garden。
A。 in； and B。 on; with C. in; with D. with; in
( ）8。 We can buy many school things， ________ pens, pencils and rulers in the shop。
A。 each other B. such as C. at all D。 and so on
( ）9.-How about playing soccer after school？ -I’d love to， but I have _____ homework to do。
A。 a lot of B. a lot C。 many D。 a few
( ）10.-Excuse me， this bag is too heavy. ________—Of course。
A。 Can I help you? B。 Could you help me? C. Let’s help him。 D。 Let me help you。
Topic3
重点语法　特殊疑问句和问路、指路的方式.
重点句型　 —Excuse me， how can I get to … —Go along… and turn left at the first street.
Be careful！ Don’t play on the street.
重点讲解
1 go up “沿着……走”与它相近的词有go along/down
2 get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to =reach=arrive in/at
与get有关的短语： get in 收获 get on上车 get off下车
get out出去 get out of从……出来 get up起床
3 across from 在……对面
4 It’s good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为.It’s good to do sth。做某事是助人为乐的行为。
5 on the corner of = at the corner of “在……拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。in the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。
6 有关come的短语
come to 来到 come form来自于…… come on 加油，赶快 come in 进来
come out 出来 come down下来 come back回来
单选：
（ )1.—Excuse me， how _____ Ren’ai English School？ —Go along the street and you will see it。
A。 I can get to B. can I get C。 can I get to D。 I can get
（ ）2. The supermarket is across _____ the park。
A。 to B。 in C. from D。 for
（ )3. _____ right and go down Qiuzhi Street。
A。 Turn B. Turns C. To turn D. Turning
（ ）4。—What do your parents do？ —They _____ farmers.
A。 are all B. are both C。 all are D。 both are
( ）5.—Excuse me， where is the bus stop？ —Go along this street and you will see it _____ your left。
A. at B。 on C。 in D. for
（ )6. You can only turn left when you see the sign _____。
A. B. C。 D。
( )7。 On weekends， Li Gang always plays computer games _____ it is very late at night。
A。 after B。 before C。 until D。 when
（ ）8。-_____ is the hospital from here？ —About 10 kilometers.
A。 How long B. How far C. How often D。 How many
（ ）9。 It's good _____ old people to cross the road.
A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping
( ）10.—Do I need _____ a bus? -Yes, No。 3 bus will take you there.
A。 taking B。 to take C。 takes D. take
Step 3语法专练
祈使句
英语祈使句”的职责是用来表示请求、命令、建议、禁止等。它的特点是通常没有主语，多以动词原形开始。下面，看看"六兄弟"的表演吧!
1。 大哥V ［档案] V（代表行为动词原形)+宾语+其它成分
　　[表演] ①Close the window。 关上窗户。 ②Help yourself to some fish。 随便吃点鱼吧。
　　2. 二哥B [档案］ Be+表语（名词/形容词等)+其它成分
　　[表演］①Be a good student!做个好学生! ②Be quiet！安静!
　　3. 三哥L 　[档案] Let+宾语（通常为第一或第三人称宾格)+动词原形+其它成分
　　［表演] ①Let's go home!咱们回家吧! ② Let her in。 让她进来。
　　4。 四哥D
　　[档案] Don’t+动词原形+其它成分
　　[表演］ ① Don't be late. 不要迟到。
　　② Don’t read in the sun.别在阳光下看书。
　　5。 五哥P
　　［档案］ Please+动词短语（please也可放在句尾,其前加逗号)
　　[表演]Please sit down.=Sit down， please.请坐。
　　6. 六弟N
　　［档案］ No+名词或动名词（是日常生活中常见的警示语）
　　［表演] ① No photos！禁止拍照！
② No smoking！禁止吸烟!
”六兄弟"为了和小朋友们交个朋友,把英语祈使句王国的”秘笈”也一并奉献给大家：
　　祈使句,无主语，只用谓语就可以.
　　表示请求或命令，加上please表客气。
　　Stand up， please! 请起立！
　　Come here。 来这里.
　　如果变成否定句，Don’t开头是规律。
No fishing!是警示语,祈使句用法要牢记.
Eg:1。 _______ late again, Bill!
　　A. Don't to be B。 Don't be C. Not be D. Be not
　　2。 _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't
综合小检测
( )1。—_____ does your mother usually go to the office? —By bus.
A. Where B。 What C. How D. When
（ )2。—Hi, Lily。 Happy New Year! -_____
A。 Thank you. B. Thank you all the same. C. I’m OK. D. The same to you.
( ）3.—May I use your bike？ -_____
A。 Of course not B. Of course. Here you are. C. I don’t have a bike。 D。 No, thanks.
（ )4。 Look！ The students _____ the classroom。
A. clean B。 are cleaning C. are clean D。 cleaning
( ）5。 The sign means “ _____"。
A。 No parking B。 No U—turn C. No left turn D。 No right turn
（ )6。-Which bus do I need _____？ —Bus No。 818.
A。 to sit B。 to take C. sitting D. taking
（ )7.-_____ do you _____ English？ —I like it very much.
A. How； think of B。 What； like C. How; like to D。 What； think of
( ）8。—You should ______ careful in your work and life every day. —You’re right.
A。 be B. are C。 is D。 am
( ）9。—_____ do you have an art lesson? —Four times a month。
A. How long B. How many C. How often D. What
( ）10.—Lily, here are your pens. Please _____。 —OK， Mom.
A。 put away it B. put it away C. put away them D。 put them away
( )11。 There is a police car _____ the bus. The police are watching the traffic。
A。 in front of B. in the front of C。 in the front D。 the front
( ）12.—How long can I _____ the English workbook? —For two weeks.
A。 borrow B. to borrow C。 keep D。 to keep
( ）13。 The girl usually does her homework _____ it is very late at night.
A. until B。 when C. before D. after
（ ）14。 The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ”
A. Don’t B. Don’t be C。 Not D. Doesn't
（ ）15。—_____ —Go up this road to the end。
A. Where are we now？ B. What are we doing at the supermarket?
C. How can I get to the supermarket？ D. Who can get to the supermarket？